Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 39 April 6, 2001
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 39 April 6, 2001
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 39 April 6, 2001
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
<strong>2001</strong>0021985 National Inst. of Health, Working Group on Antiretroviral Therapy <strong>and</strong> Medical Management of HIV-Infected<br />
Children, Bethesda, MD USA<br />
Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Pediatric HIV Infection<br />
Jan. 07, 2000; 62p; In English<br />
Report No.(s): PB<strong>2001</strong>-102308; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Microfiche; A04, Hardcopy<br />
Although the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection <strong>and</strong> the general virologic <strong>and</strong> immunologic<br />
principles underlying the use of antiretroviral therapy are similar for all HIV-infected persons, there are unique considerations<br />
needed for HIV-infected infants, children, <strong>and</strong> adolescents, including a) acquisition of infection through perinatal exposure for<br />
many infected children; b) in utero exposure to zidovudine (ZVD) <strong>and</strong> other antiretroviral medications in many perinatally<br />
infected children; c) differences in diagnostic evaluation in perinatal infection; d) differences in immunologic markers (e.g., CD4<br />
T-lymphocyte count) in young children; e) changes in pharmacokinetic parameters with age caused by the the continuing development<br />
<strong>and</strong> maturation of organ systems involved in drug metabolism <strong>and</strong> clearance; f) differences in the clinical <strong>and</strong> virologic manifestations<br />
of perinatal HIV infection secondary to the occurrence of primary infection in growing, immunologically immature<br />
persons; <strong>and</strong> g) special considerations associated with adherence to treatment for children <strong>and</strong> adolescents.<br />
NTIS<br />
Drugs; Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Viral Diseases<br />
<strong>2001</strong>0021986 Public Health Service, Rockville, MD USA<br />
Public Health Service Task Force Recommendations for Use of Antiretroviral Drugs in Pregnant HIV-1-Infected Women<br />
for Maternal Health <strong>and</strong> Interventions to Reduce Perinatal HIV-1 Transmission in the USA<br />
Nov. 03, 2000; 49p; In English<br />
Report No.(s): PB<strong>2001</strong>-102309; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Microfiche; A03, Hardcopy<br />
These recommendations update the February 25, 2000 guidelines developed by the Public Health Service for the use of zidovudine<br />
(ZDV) to reduce the risk for perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission. This report provides<br />
health-care providers with information for discussion with HIV-1 infected pregnant women to enable such women to make an<br />
informed decision regarding the use of antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy <strong>and</strong> use of elective cesarean delivery to reduce perinatal<br />
HIV-1 transmission. Various circumstances that commonly occur in clinical practice are presented as scenarios <strong>and</strong> the factors<br />
influencing treatment considerations are highlighted in this report. It is recognized that strategies to prevent perinatal transmission<br />
<strong>and</strong> concepts related to management of HIV disease in pregnant women are rapidly evolving. The Perinatal HIV Guidelines Working<br />
Group will review new data on an ongoing basis <strong>and</strong> provide regular updates to the guidelines.<br />
NTIS<br />
Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Viral Diseases; Pregnancy; Birth; Fetuses; Risk<br />
<strong>2001</strong>0022254 National Opinion Research Center, Chicago, IL USA<br />
Substance Use <strong>and</strong> Mental Health Characteristics by Employment Status<br />
Townsend, Tara N., National Opinion Research Center, USA; Lane, Julie D., National Opinion Research Center, USA; Dewa,<br />
Carolyn S., National Opinion Research Center, USA; Brittingham, Angela M., National Opinion Research Center, USA; Pergamit,<br />
Michael, National Opinion Research Center, USA; Jun. 1999; 86p; In English<br />
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 283-95-0002<br />
Report No.(s): PB<strong>2001</strong>-102342; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Microfiche; A05, Hardcopy<br />
This report uses data from the combined 1994-96 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) to examine the prevalence<br />
of alcohol <strong>and</strong> illicit drug use/dependence <strong>and</strong> other mental health concerns among the working-age United States population.<br />
The presented data are derived from 38,501 NHSDA respondents, age 18-64, representing over 157 million people. Nearly<br />
three-quarters of this population (74%), representing approximately 117 million people, had either full-time or part-time employment.<br />
The remainder were either unemployed (5% or about 8.1 million people) or not in the labor force (i.e, full-time homemakers,<br />
non-working students, retired, or disabled; 21% or about 32.5 million people). In addition to a detailed comparison of the demographic,<br />
economic, substance use <strong>and</strong> mental health characteristics of the working-age population by employment status, this<br />
report also provides an examination of the prevalence of substance use/dependence <strong>and</strong> other mental health concerns of individuals<br />
who received public assistance or welfare, specifically Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC).<br />
NTIS<br />
Alcohols; Drugs; Mental Health; Surveys; Employment<br />
2<strong>39</strong>
Change language