Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 39 April 6, 2001

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sources, S140 IRS1, AFGL 2591, Elias 29, and AFGL 989. In section 2 we describe the ISO SWS data analysis and in section 3 discuss the results. Author Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Vapor Phases; Protostars; Absorption Spectra; Infrared Astronomy; Astrophysics 280 91 LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION �� 20010022249 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA USA Observed Changes in the Gravity Field of Mars Due to Seasonal Atmospheric Processes Smith, David E., NASA Ames Research Center, USA; Zuber, M. T., NASA Ames Research Center, USA; Dunn, P. J., NASA Ames Research Center, USA; Torrence, M. H., NASA Ames Research Center, USA; Fricke, S. K., NASA Ames Research Center, USA; [2000]; 1p; In English, 14-20 Dec. 2000, San Francisco, CA, USA; Sponsored by American Geophysical Union, USA; No Copyright; Avail: Issuing Activity; Abstract Only The atmosphere of Mars deposits approximately 30% of its mass at the winter pole as part of its seasonal cycle of CO2 exchange and sublimes it back to the atmosphere in the spring, thus creating an annual hemispheric cycle of mass re-distribution. Using X-band tracking data of the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft, we have detected the signature of changes in the low degree gravity field from March 1999 through August 2000, corresponding to about three-quarters of a Martian year. The observed variations show a general resemblance to predicted variations from general circulation models. Also observed are irregular changes that appear to be due to transient phenomena in the Martian atmosphere such as large dust storms that provide significant heat into the lower atmosphere, even in the polar regions. In addition, we have identified a change in the rate of rotation of Mars over this same period that appears somewhat smaller than anticipated, but in general agreement with general circulation models. Author Mars (Planet); Mars Atmosphere; Carbon Dioxide; Gas Exchange; Mass Distribution; Polar Regions 20010022252 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA USA Mapping Mars’ Topography With Laser Altimetry Smith, David E., NASA Ames Research Center, USA; [2000]; 1p; In English; 12th; Laser Ranging, 13-17 Nov. 2000, Matera, Italy; No Copyright; Avail: Issuing Activity; Abstract Only Since Sept 1997 the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft has been in orbit at Mars. Early in 1999 the spacecraft began making routine observations of the planet and the laser altimeter has been operating almost continuously since that time. The instrument has provided 450 million measurements of the shape and topography of Mars to date with an rms accuracy of about one meter. The data have enabled the development of precision topographic maps of Mars and observations of clouds that are revealing a new planet. Author Mars Surface; Satellite Observation; Topography; Mars (Planet) 20010023031 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA Finite Gyroradius Effects Observed in Pickup Oxygen Ions at Venus Hartle, Richard E., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA; Intriligator, Devrie, Carmel Research Center, USA; Grebowsky, Joseph M., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA; [2000]; 1p; In English; Fall 2000 Meeting, 15-19 Dec. 2000, San Francisco, CA, USA; Sponsored by American Geophysical Union, USA; No Copyright; Avail: Issuing Activity; Abstract Only On the dayside of Venus, the hot oxygen corona extending above the ionopause is the principal source of pickup oxygen ions. The ions are born here and picked up by the ionosheath plasma as it is deflected around the planet. These pickup ions have been observed by the Orbiter Plasma Analyzer (OPA) throughout the Pioneer Venus Orbiter (PVO) mission. They were observed over a region extending from their dayside source to great distances downstream (about 10 Venus radii), in the solar wind wake, as PVO passed through apoapsis. Finite gyroradius effects in the velocity distribution of the oxygen pickup ions are expected in the source region because the gyroradius is several times larger than the scale height of the hot oxygen source. Such effects are also expected in those regions of the ionosheath where the scale lengths of the magnetic field and the ambient plasma velocity field are less than the pickup ion gyroradius. While explicitly accounting for the spatial distribution of the hot oxygen source, an analytic expression for the pickup oxygen ion velocity distribution is developed to study how it is affected by finite gyroradii. The analysis demon-
strates that as the gyroradius increases by factors of three to six above the hot oxygen scale height, the peak of the pickup oxygen ion flux distribution decreases 25 to 50% below the maximum allowed speed, which is twice the speed of the ambient plasma times the sine of the angle between the magnetic field and the flow velocity. The pickup oxygen ion flux distribution observed by OPA is shown to follow this behavior in the source region. It is also shown that this result is consistent with the pickup ion distributions observed in the wake, downstream of the source, where the flux peaks are usually well below the maximum allowed speed. Author Oxygen Ions; Velocity Distribution; Venus (Planet); Space Plasmas 20010023038 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX USA Proposed Science Requirements and Acquisition Priorities for the First Mars Sample Return Agee, C. B., NASA Johnson Space Center, USA; Bogard, D. D., NASA Johnson Space Center, USA; Draper, D. S., NASA Johnson Space Center, USA; Jones, J. H., NASA Johnson Space Center, USA; Meyer , C., Jr., NASA Johnson Space Center, USA; Mittlefehldt, D. W., Lockheed Martin Space Operations, USA; Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration; July 2000, Part 1, pp. 2; In English; See also 20010023036; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy; A03, Microfiche A sample return mission is an important next step in the exploration of Mars. The first sample return should come early in the program time-line because the science derived from earth-based analyses of samples provides crucial ”ground truth” needed for further exploration planning, enhancement of remote measurements, and achieving science goals and objectives that include: (1) the search for environments that may support life and any indicators of the past or present existence of life, (2) understanding the history of water and climate on Mars, (3) understanding the evolution of Mars as a planet. Returned samples from Mars will have unique value because they can be studied by scientists worldwide using the most powerful analytical instruments available. Furthermore, returned Mars samples can be preserved for studies by future generations of scientists using new techniques and addressing new issues in Mars science. to ensure a high likelihood of success, the first sample return strategy should be simple and focused. We outline a fundamental set of sample requirements and acquisition priorities for Mars sample return. Author Mars Sample Return Missions; Mars Surface Samples; Mars Exploration 20010023039 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX USA Clean and Cold Sample Curation Allen, C. C., Lockheed Martin Space Operations, USA; Agee, C. B., NASA Johnson Space Center, USA; Beer, R., Oceaneering Space Systems, USA; Cooper, B. L., Oceaneering Space Systems, USA; Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration; July 2000, Part 1, pp. 3; In English; See also 20010023036; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy; A03, Microfiche Curation of Mars samples includes both samples that are returned to Earth, and samples that are collected, examined, and archived on Mars. Both kinds of curation operations will require careful planning to ensure that the samples are not contaminated by the instruments that are used to collect and contain them. In both cases, sample examination and subdivision must take place in an environment that is organically, inorganically, and biologically clean. Some samples will need to be prepared for analysis under ultra-clean or cryogenic conditions. Inorganic and biological cleanliness are achievable separately by cleanroom and biosafety lab techniques. Organic cleanliness to the is less than 50 ng/sq cm level requires material control and sorbent removal - techniques being applied in our Class 10 cleanrooms and sample processing gloveboxes. Derived from text Mars Surface Samples; Cleanliness; Handling Equipment 20010023040 Padua Univ., CISAS, Italy IPSE: Italian Package for Scientific Experiments Angrilli, F., Padua Univ., Italy; Flamini, E., Padua Univ., Italy; Espinasse, S., ASI Viale Liegi, Italy; Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration; July 2000, Part 1, pp. 4-5; In English; See also 20010023036; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy; A03, Microfiche IPSE is a scientific autonomous micro-laboratory for Mars soil and environment analysis. It was proposed for the previous 2003 Mars Sample Return mission and more generally speaking for the Mars Exploration Program. It provides the capability to serve, handle and manage scientific miniaturized instruments accommodated inside its envelope. These instruments will carry out scientific measurements on soil samples, atmosphere, radiation environment and dust flux. The first version, now under development, will have basic capabilities and no mobility but the philosophy of the design is to have a modular system that will evolve with each launch opportunity. Its general configuration for the 2003 MSR mission is based on a structure with an external envelope to fit the available room on the Lander deck and featuring 10 kg mass, inclusive of four scientific instruments described hereafter. A small robotic arm with 3 or 4 degrees of freedom is normally stowed inside the IPSE envelope and provides, during operations, 281
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Scientific and Technical Aerospace
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Introduction Scientific and Technic
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Subject Divisions Table of Contents
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Subject Categories of the Division
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73 Nuclear Physics 263 Includes nuc
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Document Availability Information T
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Avail: NASA Public Document Rooms.
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Hardcopy & Microfiche Prices Code N
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ALABAMA AUBURN UNIV. AT MONTGOMERY
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03 AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY
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work of the JAA had established thi
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20010024868 Federal Aviation Admini
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20010023437 Defence Science and Tec
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The Models for Aeroelastic Validati
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20010025824 Pratt and Whitney Aircr
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20010023064 NASA Langley Research C
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17 SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT
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20010026207 NASA, Washington, DC US
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The objective of the proposed resea
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20010022640 Stanford Univ., Center
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ustion, showing that these can have
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20010026184 Oak Ridge National Lab.
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film. Subsequent electroless metal
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20010024029 Houston Univ., Dept. of
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equipment indicate a change in the
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interaction, the main gas products
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Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-eng-48
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for detecting and measuring deviato
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work, additional significant effect
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20010026182 Oak Ridge National Lab.
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20010024162 Army Research Lab., Ade
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matching funds. MIRSL purchased an
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20010023557 North Dakota State Univ
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20010026217 Princeton Univ., NJ USA
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20010024108 Center for Naval Analys
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undertaken to isolated it are descr
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non-buoyant axisymmetric jet issuin
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point. The other turbulent problem
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20010024042 Houston Univ., Dept. of
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The research carried out in the Hea
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along the heater surface and depart
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cal transducers. Additionally, the
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tial for its successful commercial
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This project represents a combined
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20010024910 Johns Hopkins Univ., De
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e caused by a non-uniform temperatu
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metric shear cell, employed upon th
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20010024919 Alabama Univ., Huntsvil
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Newtonian fluids in the laboratory,
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Boussinesq convection where due to
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20010024930 Creare, Inc., Hanover,
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Illumination of a space-borne objec
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The hydrodynamics near steadily mov
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to be done is the full coupled syst
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liquid crystal host. Since the ulti
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the inorganic synthesis using press
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when the buoyancy is removed, for e
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20010024956 NASA Ames Research Cent
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2.2-second drop tower at NASA Glenn
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we have examined the dynamical beha
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position of the interface. An oscil
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the first time, non-intrusive, high
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’axial curvature pressure’. A t
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moons when disturbed by low velocit
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particle size was studied. In a den
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colliding drops. The viscous resist
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20010024983 Notre Dame Univ., Physi
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20010024986 TDA Research, Inc., Whe
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drop deposition, using Schiaffino a
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and extended to reduced gravity flo
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from an isolated bubble regime to a
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20010025000 Case Western Reserve Un
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our experimental measurements and w
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sured using a hot film probe flush
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the stationary bubble entrains anot
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we have collaborated on 3D experime
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of the most attractive characterist
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apply either steady shear flow perp
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20010025024 NASA, Washington, DC US
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neously the gamma scattered method
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20010023125 Colorado Univ., Lab. fo
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Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-95-C-0
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ics Technology Letters; March 2000;
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The BOREAS RSS-1 team collected sur
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ically corrected; however, files of
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with wavelength bands specific to t
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20010022099 NASA Goddard Space Flig
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within the polygon). There are thre
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A03, Hardcopy; A01, Microfiche Cana
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storms in Africa and smoke plumes f
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Greenland, with the objective of qu
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The BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Stu
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The BOREAS TGB-8 team collected dat
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Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2000-209891/
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The BOREAS TF-10 team collected tow
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cally Active Radiation (FPAR) absor
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tributing to the overall understand
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cal ’tour de force’ allows EPV
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20010023558 Texas Univ., Center for
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the atmospheric concentrations of m
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20010023278 Lembaga Penerbangan dan
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Atmospheric radiation in the infrar
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20010022976 Desert Research Inst.,
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The primary purpose of AASERT Grant
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with only small ice-covered areas r
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Task 2 - abstraction of Medical rec
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non-steroidal activators of the rec
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20010023796 Massachusetts Univ. Med
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20010024166 Chicago Univ., Chicago,
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20010025069 Cleveland Clinic Founda
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Prior to 1994, measurement of tumor
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20010025730 Illinois Univ., Broad o
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the processing for enhancement of s
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Page 261 and 262: 20010021985 National Inst. of Healt
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Page 265 and 266: on the BBB in rats, researchers not
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Page 271 and 272: consider two specific issues in app
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Page 277 and 278: In this report, we consider the pro
Page 279 and 280: of the neural network and hence, th
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Page 283 and 284: from the Lagrangian of the system.
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Page 293 and 294: 20010026247 Abdus Salam Internation
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Page 305 and 306: 20010023043 Jet Propulsion Lab., Ca
Page 307 and 308: climatic variations. This can only
Page 309 and 310: try), allowing the same samples, in
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Page 313 and 314: 20010023068 Tennessee Univ., Dept.
Page 315 and 316: is crucial to the successful landin
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Page 325 and 326: tions of water. Often, due to lower
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Page 335 and 336: 93 SPACE RADIATION ��
Page 337 and 338: ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION, 163, 205 ATM
Page 339 and 340: DEW POINT, 165 DIAGNOSIS, 217, 220,
Page 341 and 342: GRAVITATION, 54, 84, 88, 110, 111,
Page 343 and 344: MATRIX THEORY, 270 MEASURING INSTRU
Page 345 and 346: ST-10 Q QUALITY CONTROL, 11, 213 QU
Page 347 and 348: ST-12 T TARGET RECOGNITION, 265 TAS
Page 349 and 350: A Abdelguerfi, Mahdi, 252 Abramo, R
Page 351 and 352: Cledassou, R., 311 Clemmet, J., 306
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Gorelick, N., 294 Gorevan, S. P., 4
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Kupinski, Matthew A., 256 Kuznetz,
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Parks, C. H., 249 Parr, T. P., 38 P
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Swisdak, Michael M., Jr., 37 Szalew
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Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 39 April 6, 2001

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