Session 1 - Montefiore

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Figure 2: Energy performance index for home-to-work trips (in KWh/travel.worker) at the municipality scale; data: 2001 Table 1: Indexes for home-to-work travel (data: 2001) Mean energy performance index (kWh/travel.worker) Brussels (only the part located in the Walloon region, does not include the CBD) Operational agglomerations Marique AF, Dujardin S, Teller J & Reiter S (In press) Urban sprawl, commuting and travel energy consumption. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers – Energy. Suburbs Alternating 10,4 12,9 14,2 11,5 12,7 15,1 Charleroi 10,3 13,5 13,9 Liège 9,4 12,7 14,0 Mons 12,2 12,9 12,0 Namur 10,8 13,8 14,2 Mean distance for one trip (km) 21,3 25,5 29,5 Mean modal share (bus) 4,0% 1,7% 1,5% migrants areas 11
Mean modal share (train) 14,0% 12,7% 15,4% Calculating and mapping the energy performance index for home-to-work commutes at the former municipality scale (Figure 3) and the local scale refines these initial observations. Outside the main agglomerations, several secondary municipalities and settlements (census blocks or districts) also show lower consumption rates. Most of these are cities and neighbourhoods that are located along the old industrial basin (from west to east: Mouscron, Tournai, Mons, Charleroi, Namur, Huy, Liège, Verviers and Eupen), or smaller towns in the southern, less densely populated part of the Walloon region (Chimay, Marche, Spa and Arlon). These secondary settlements are located outside the influence of the main regional cities. Population density is low, and people typically manage to find employment locally. This local-scale approach thus highlights more local phenomenon linked to the location of secondary employment centres in areas located far from major cities. In conclusion, two distinct phenomena co-exist: the « metropolisation » and the « territorial recomposition ». Metropolisation induces higher commuting distances in the suburbs of attractive metropolises (such as Luxembourg and Brussels or, to a lesser extent, Lille (in France) and Aachen (in Germany)) where employment is concentrated. Note that these poles are all located outside the Walloon region of Belgium, and three metropolises are located outside of Belgium very close to its border. The influence area of these poles can reach 40 or 50 kilometers. The territorial recomposition occurs mainly occurs in the north part of the region (Brabant wallon) in the suburbs of Brussels. Secondary employments centers were developed over the last years and allow the local population that used to travel to Brussels for work to instead find work closer to their homes. This allows for shorter commuting distances and thus lower scores for the local energy performance index. In the case of territorial recomposition, the suburbanisation of housing is accompanied by a local re- concentration of employment. Marique AF, Dujardin S, Teller J & Reiter S (In press) Urban sprawl, commuting and travel energy consumption. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers – Energy. 12
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Session 1 - Supervisors : Pierre De
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Session 3 - Supervisors : Damien Er
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Session 5 - Supervisors : Nathalie
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Session 11 - Supervisors : Damien E
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Session 13 - Supervisors : Nathalie
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Session 15 - Supervisors : Sigrid R
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Appendix A : Sigrid Reiter Appendix
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EEA Report No 10/2006 Urban sprawl
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Contents Contents Acknowledgements
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Urban sprawl — a European challen
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from city centres, while retaining
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growth as mentioned in Chapter 1. R
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The extent of urban sprawl in Europ
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esidential density, sprawl is equal
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The extent of urban sprawl in Europ
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3 The drivers of urban sprawl 3.1 C
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The drivers of urban sprawl Figure
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also clearly demonstrate city spraw
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Box 4 Portugal and Spain: threats t
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Box 5 (cont.) Map Development scena
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Box 6 (cont.) The drivers of urban
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emote locations and requiring trans
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4.1.2 Natural and protected areas T
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Box 7 (cont.) The impacts of urban
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the societal cost of asthma has bee
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Box 8 Effects of residential areas
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5.2 The European spatial developmen
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European regional forces generating
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Box 9 (cont.) Responses to urban sp
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urban development plan and focused
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Box 10 (cont.) Responses to urban s
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Annex: Data and methodological appr
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C Assessing urban sprawl at the Eur
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References and further reading Ambi
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European Commission, 1990. Green Pa
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European Environment Agency Urban s
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Appendix A.2 78
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Section 2 presents a brief review o
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intervention in these specific type
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electricity as trains in Belgium ar
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The majority of those districts are
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which were calculated with the same
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The last type of sensitivity analys
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(INSEE) in France, the Office for N
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Kints C. La rénovation énergétiq
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A Method to Evaluate the Energy Con
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application in many other suburban
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Our classification of buildings cur
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to work and the mode of transportat
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energy consumption of a neighborhoo
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transportation represents 11.8% to
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most important. Insulating only the
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Page 128 and 129: year are 34.9 °C and -9,1°C. The
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Page 134 and 135: uilding” approach. A large amount
Page 136 and 137: C. Comparison of our classification
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Page 141 and 142: METHODS, TOOLS, AND SOFTWARE Keywor
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Page 147 and 148: METHODS, TOOLS, AND SOFTWARE Figure
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Page 177 and 178: Using ZEB design goals takes us out
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396 buildings [17,26]. This review
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398 2.2. Embodied energy and carbon
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400 using photovoltaic panels will
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Appendix A.12 217
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assumptions, the indicators (Embodi
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Table 3 Distribution of the steel w
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the three case studies exhibit a st
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PLEA 2011 - 27 th Conference on Pas
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Appendix B : Pierre Dewallef Append
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When writing your presentation, you
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Status of Solar Tower Power Plant t
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Appendix B.3 237
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Status of biomass combustion power
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Status of ocean thermal energy conv
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Status of Natural Gas Combined Cycl
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Status of Integrated coal Gazeifica
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Status of Carbon Capture and Storag
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Appendix B.13 267
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Status of Carbon Capture and Storag
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Session 1 - Montefiore

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