Session 1 - Montefiore

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Figure 3: Energy performance index for home-to-work trips (in KWh/travel.worker) at the former municipality scale; data: 2001 The annual transport energy consumption for home-to-work trips per former municipality is mapped in Figure 4. The observations made for the energy performance index are inverted. Former municipalities with high transport energy consumption are strongly linked with areas with high density population and highlight the importance of these areas in terms of potential energy savings. The population affected by the energy-savings measures undertaken in those areas is particularly large. The total annual energy consumption for home-to-work trips in the entire region amounts to 6804 GWh. Marique AF, Dujardin S, Teller J & Reiter S (In press) Urban sprawl, commuting and travel energy consumption. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers – Energy. 13
Figure 4: Annual transport energy consumption for home-to-work trips per former municipality; data: 2001 COMPARISON WITH HOME-TO-SCHOOL TRIPS The method developed in Marique and Reiter (2012a) also allows for discussion of the energy efficiency of home-to-school trips, as data relating to these types of trips are available in the national census. Observations regarding to the relation between the transport energy consumption and the urban structure drawn for home-to-work trips, at the three territorial scales, are also valid for home-to- school trips: lowest energy performance indexes are found in dense urban former municipalities and settlements, located along the former industrial basin (Figure 5). However, home-to-school trips consume much less energy per capita and per travel than home-to-work trips, as shown in Table 2. For example, in 2001, the mean energy performance index for home-to-school trips is worth 3,5 kWh/travel.student, while the mean energy performance index for home-to-work trips was worth 12,1 kWh/travel.worker. The main explanation for this observation is that schools are spread throughout the entire regional territory, even in the most rural municipalities (rural core, suburban centres, etc., are equipped with at least one primary school). This allows for reduced distances from the homes to destinations, whereas work locations remain concentrated in main cities or suburban business centres. For example, the mean distance travelled from home to work is 24,0 kilometres, and the mean distance travelled from home to school is 8,2 kilometres. Figure 5: Energy performance index (kWh/travel.student) for home-to-school travels; data: 2001. Marique AF, Dujardin S, Teller J & Reiter S (In press) Urban sprawl, commuting and travel energy consumption. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers – Energy. 14
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Session 1 - Supervisors : Pierre De
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Session 3 - Supervisors : Damien Er
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Session 5 - Supervisors : Nathalie
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Session 11 - Supervisors : Damien E
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Session 13 - Supervisors : Nathalie
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Session 15 - Supervisors : Sigrid R
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Appendix A : Sigrid Reiter Appendix
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EEA Report No 10/2006 Urban sprawl
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Contents Contents Acknowledgements
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Urban sprawl — a European challen
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from city centres, while retaining
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growth as mentioned in Chapter 1. R
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The extent of urban sprawl in Europ
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esidential density, sprawl is equal
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The extent of urban sprawl in Europ
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3 The drivers of urban sprawl 3.1 C
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The drivers of urban sprawl Figure
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also clearly demonstrate city spraw
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Box 4 Portugal and Spain: threats t
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Box 5 (cont.) Map Development scena
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Box 6 (cont.) The drivers of urban
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emote locations and requiring trans
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4.1.2 Natural and protected areas T
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Box 7 (cont.) The impacts of urban
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the societal cost of asthma has bee
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Box 8 Effects of residential areas
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5.2 The European spatial developmen
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European regional forces generating
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Box 9 (cont.) Responses to urban sp
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urban development plan and focused
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Box 10 (cont.) Responses to urban s
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Annex: Data and methodological appr
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C Assessing urban sprawl at the Eur
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References and further reading Ambi
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European Commission, 1990. Green Pa
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European Environment Agency Urban s
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Appendix A.2 78
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Section 2 presents a brief review o
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intervention in these specific type
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electricity as trains in Belgium ar
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The majority of those districts are
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which were calculated with the same
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The last type of sensitivity analys
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(INSEE) in France, the Office for N
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Kints C. La rénovation énergétiq
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A Method to Evaluate the Energy Con
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application in many other suburban
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Our classification of buildings cur
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to work and the mode of transportat
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energy consumption of a neighborhoo
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transportation represents 11.8% to
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most important. Insulating only the
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savings highlighted in the first an
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Page 116 and 117: FIGURE CAPTIONS AND TABLE TITLES Fi
Page 118 and 119: PLEA2012 - 28th Conference, Opportu
Page 126 and 127: ENERGY REQUIREMENTS AND SOLAR AVAIL
Page 128 and 129: year are 34.9 °C and -9,1°C. The
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Page 134 and 135: uilding” approach. A large amount
Page 136 and 137: C. Comparison of our classification
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Page 141 and 142: METHODS, TOOLS, AND SOFTWARE Keywor
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Page 145 and 146: travel through the urban area of Li
Page 147 and 148: METHODS, TOOLS, AND SOFTWARE Figure
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Page 169 and 170: Beevers SD and Carslaw DC (2005) Th
Page 171 and 172: Lavadinho S and Lensel B (2010) Imp
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Page 177 and 178: Using ZEB design goals takes us out
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Page 185 and 186: Net Zero Energy Emissions Building
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Page 191 and 192: Life Cycle Assessment of Buildings
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398 2.2. Embodied energy and carbon
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400 using photovoltaic panels will
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Appendix A.12 217
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assumptions, the indicators (Embodi
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Table 3 Distribution of the steel w
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the three case studies exhibit a st
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PLEA 2011 - 27 th Conference on Pas
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Appendix B : Pierre Dewallef Append
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When writing your presentation, you
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Status of Solar Tower Power Plant t
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Appendix B.3 237
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Status of biomass combustion power
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Appendix B.5 243
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Status of ocean thermal energy conv
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Status of Natural Gas Combined Cycl
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Appendix B.9 255
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Status of Integrated coal Gazeifica
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Appendix B.11 261
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Status of Carbon Capture and Storag
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Appendix B.13 267
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Status of Carbon Capture and Storag
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Session 1 - Montefiore

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