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Méthode de Monte Carlo. - Université du Maine

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VARIABLES DE CONTRÔLE.<br />

BUT : calculer θ = E(Y ) = E(f (X)).<br />

AJOUT d’une variable Z<br />

facilement simulable ;<br />

E(Z ) connue ou facilement calculable (variance « petite »).<br />

DEUX CALCULS POSSIBLES DE θ :<br />

par métho<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Monte</strong> <strong>Carlo</strong> standard,<br />

en posant W c = Y + c(Z − E(Z )) et en calculant E(W c ) par<br />

<strong>Monte</strong> <strong>Carlo</strong> (c : paramètre constant fixé).<br />

QUESTION : Var (W c ) < Var (Y ) <br />

A. Popier (Le Mans) Métho<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Monte</strong> <strong>Carlo</strong>. 74 / 95

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