Difaaca Xuquuqda Aadanaha - East and Horn of Africa Human ...
Difaaca Xuquuqda Aadanaha - East and Horn of Africa Human ...
Difaaca Xuquuqda Aadanaha - East and Horn of Africa Human ...
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(caadiyan marka urur samafal ahaan loo tixgaliyo<br />
shaqadooda), waxuu qorshahooda amnigu ka<br />
koobnaan karaa tallaabooyin ilaalin oo dhowr ah,<br />
qorshayaal la adeegsado marka laga fursan waayo<br />
iyo nidaamyo la isku badbaadiyo, oo laga yaabo<br />
in ey waxtar u leeyihiin haddii loo adeegsado<br />
dokumenti tilmaamaya amniga, laakin kama<br />
dhaadhacsana xaqiiqada in amnigu uu u baahan<br />
yahay maareyn guud oo habboon, iyo in micnahiisu<br />
yahay wax ka badan qorshe amni. Waxuu amnigu<br />
taabanayaa dhammaan wajiyada shaqada ururrada<br />
samafalka: waxuu saameeyaa howlahooda<br />
(maadaama yoolbeegsi kasta oo hey’adda lagu<br />
waxyeelayo uu noqon karo natiijo ka dhalatay<br />
waxqabadkeeda), waxuu saameeyaa qiimeynta<br />
duruufaha isbaddalaya (ayadoo duruufaha iskahorimaadku<br />
ey si dhaqso leh isku baddali karaan),<br />
waxuu saameeyaa socodka wararka (diiwaangalinta<br />
iyo qiimeynta dhacdooyinka), waxuu saameeyaa<br />
howlwadeennada (laga soo billaabo marka la qorayo<br />
illa marka la tababbarayo iyo marka la dhisayo<br />
kooxaha isla shaqeynaya), waxuu kaloo saameeyaa<br />
miisaaniyadda iyo maalgalinta iyo wixii soo raaca.<br />
Su’aasha wali taagan ayaa ah: maadaam uu lagama<br />
maarmaan yahay, sideen amniga ugu dari karnaa<br />
dhammaan wajiyada maareynta shaqada ururka<br />
samafalka Waxaan ognahay in ciriiri jiro, iyo in<br />
ciriirigaas amniga ka jira uu la mid yahay kuwa ka jira<br />
shaqada xuquuqda aadanaha: hanti yari, shaqaale<br />
dhowr ah, iskaa-wax-u-qabso, cadaadis iyo cabburin<br />
heerkoodu sarreyo, iwm.<br />
Xeeladaha amniga iyo goobta shaqada:<br />
Saddax-xagalka oggolaasho/niyadjabin<br />
Waxaa xeeladaha amniga dhmmaantood lagu<br />
soo koobi karaa hal weedh: in goobta shaqadu ey<br />
furnaato. Si taas loo helo waxaan u baahannahay<br />
inaan raadino, ugu yaraan, oggolaasho (dowladeed,<br />
ama kooxaha hubeysan ama bulshada rayadka ah)<br />
iyo aqbalid haddiba ey suurtogal tahay (tallaabo<br />
dheeraad ah).<br />
Markaan amniga si xaddidan uga hadalno,<br />
goobta shaqada ee difaacayaashu ayaa u baahan<br />
oggolaashaha dhinacyada iska-horimaadku ka<br />
dhaxeeyo, gaar ahaan kuwa hubeysan, iyo haddiiba<br />
ey suurtogal tahay codsi ka imaanaya dhinac ka mid<br />
ah qeybaha uu iska-horimaadku saameeyay. Waxuu<br />
ogoolaashahaan noqon karaa mid qayaxan (ruqsad<br />
rasmi ah oo hey’adaha dowladdu bixiyaan) ama<br />
mid dahsoon, asagoo sii xogeysanaya marka dhinac<br />
hubeysan uu u arko inuu faa’iido ka helayo shaqada<br />
difaacayaasha, ama sii laciifeysa haddii uu u arko in<br />
qarash uga baxayo. Markaan oo kale, oggolaashaha<br />
waxaa bixinaya qarashka siyaasadeed ee lagu<br />
galayo weerar loo geysto difaacayaasha. Waxaan<br />
oo dhammi waxey si gaar ah tixgalin u yeelanayaan<br />
markey difaacayaashu ka shaqeynayaan meel ey ka<br />
jiraan in ka badan hal dhinac oo hubeysan.<br />
Waxaa goobta shaqada matali kara saddax-xagal<br />
kaas oo la xiriira tixanaha oggolaasho-aqbalid iyo<br />
tixanaha niyadjabin-kadhaadhicin:<br />
Ballaarinta goobta shaqada ayaa la sameyn karaa<br />
muddo dabadeed (taasoo imaaneysa marka la<br />
aqbalo ayadoo loo marayo xeeladda ka-dhaadhicin,<br />
oo ayadana ey tahay in ey tixgaliso qorsheynta<br />
baahida dadka, sumcadda, dhacdooyinka, mideynta,<br />
iwm), ama aqbalid ka timaadda dhinac ka mid ah<br />
dadka hubeysan (isku-dheellitir dhib badan oo ey<br />
matalayso goobta “b”). Hase yeeshee, sida caadiga<br />
ah, meelaha uu iska-horimaad ka jiro goobtu waxey<br />
ahaaneysaa mid xaddidan oo ku xiran oggollashaha<br />
dadka hubeysan, isku-jirka niyadjabin iyo kadhaadhicin<br />
(oo lagu soo koobay goobta “a”).<br />
Khatarta, hanjabaadyada iyo u<br />
nuglaanshaha: Kartida amniga (Risk,<br />
threats <strong>and</strong> vulnerability: Capacities in<br />
security)<br />
Marka duruufo iska-horimaad ey jiraan ayaa<br />
khatartu tahay qeyb ka mid ah shaqada. Ma laha<br />
khatartu fasiraad ey dadka badankiisu aqbaleen,<br />
waxaanse sheegi karnaa in khatarta loola jeedo “<br />
dhacdooyin suurtogal ah, inkastoo aan la hubin, oo<br />
keeni kara waxyeello”. 4<br />
Duruuf kastaahi ha jirtee, waxey dhammaan<br />
difaacayaasha xuquuqda aadanahu la kulmi<br />
karaan khatar heerkeeda loo siman yahay, laakiin<br />
difaacayaasha dhammaantood si siman uguma<br />
nugla khatarta guud oo ka imaaneysa joogitaanka<br />
ey joogaan isla meesha uu iska-horimaad ka jiro.<br />
U nuglaanshaha (suurtogalinimada in difaace uu<br />
la kulmo weerar ama waxyeello noocey doonto ha<br />
ahaatee) ayaa kala duwan, taasoo ku xiran arrimo<br />
4 López y Luján (2000), bog.23<br />
<strong>Difaaca</strong> <strong>Xuquuqda</strong> <strong>Aadanaha</strong>: Buug Xambaarsan Macluumaad loogu Talogalay <strong>Difaaca</strong>yaasha <strong>Xuquuqda</strong> <strong>Aadanaha</strong> | Caddadka 2aad<br />
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