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Questions for Discussion Answer the following questions individually and then meet with a group of 3 or 4 and share your answers. Read the biographies of Rabe, Tsen, and Vautrin. • Is there anything in their earlier lives that prepared them for what they would face in Nanking? • Do they share any of the characteristics we saw in the Description of Rescuers handout? 203
Unit 8—Handout 9-4 Honda Introduces Resolution Honoring “American Goddess of Mercy” Minnie Vautrin Tuesday, 26 September 2006 19:00 WASHINGTON, DC – Today, Congressman Mike Honda (CA-15) introduced a resolution before the U.S. House of Representatives honoring the life of Minnie Vautrin, an American missionary who courageously, and at the risk of her own life, stood against the Japanese imperial army during its infamous 1937 Rape of Nanking, China in defense of innocent civilians. The resolution’s text follows: Mr. Speaker, I rise today to honor Minnie Vautrin, an American woman and missionary whose heroism changed the course of history during World War II. Our country has seen countless acts of heroism in the face of war atrocities both in our country and abroad. Japan’s violent occupation of then-capital Nanking, China, historically known as the Rape of Nanking, claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands of innocent Chinese men, women and children and left its mark on history as one of the most brutal massacres and crimes against humanity of the 20th Century. An estimated 300,000 Chinese civilians were killed, and an estimated 20,000 women were raped, with some estimates as high as 80,000. Minnie Vautrin, a missionary who worked at a women’s college in Nanking, courageously stood against the Japanese imperial army. A native of Illinois, she was one of the few Americans in the region when the Japanese army invaded Nanking. By using the American fl ag and proclamations issued by the American Embassy in China maintaining the college a sanctuary, Minnie helped repel incursions into the college, where thousands of women and children sought protection from the Japanese army. She often risked her own life to defend the lives of thousands of Chinese civilians. Her devotion during this horrifi c event earned her the nickname “American Goddess of Mercy” among the people of Nanking, where she is fondly remembered. Her heroic actions and unparalleled efforts to save lives deserve to be recognized. Sadly, her story is relatively unknown. That is why I, along with fourteen of my colleagues, am introducing a resolution honoring her sacrifi ce, courage, humanity, and commitment to peace and justice during the violent Rape of Nanking. Minnie Vautrin’s story defi nes patriotism and heroism in the midst of war, and the introduction of this resolution honors her achievements today, the 120th anniversary of her birth. Mr. Speaker, I commend my colleagues for joining me in honor of this phenomenal yet unsung heroine. To the thousands of innocent men, women and children whose lives were spared because of Minnie Vautrin’s bold courage, she will never be forgotten. —Source: Mike Honda, 15th Congressional District website Question: Why did it take seventy years for Minnie Vautrin to be recognized by the U.S. for her heroism? Comment in writing. Share with another person. 204
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The Nanking Massacre and Other Japa
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Each of us has cause to think with
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Preface The publication of the seco
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ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS THAT WILL FOCUS
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Unit 1—Handout 1 Our Human Rights
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I was little and had short straight
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Questions for Discussion 1. Did you
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How comfortable would you feel with
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Bob: Those black guys in the high s
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dislike for good and suffi cient re
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Unit 1—Handout 7 Prejudice by Ire
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Riots, like most problems, have man
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Unit Two Atrocity, Massacre, Genoci
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thoughtful defi nition(s) they choo
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Unit 2—Handout 1 31
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Genocide has taken place throughout
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Holocaust and Genocide - Is There a
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Unit 2—Handout 5 The Defi nition
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Unit 2—Handout 6―1 LABELING POT
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Unit 2—Handout 6―3 Alternative
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Unit 2—Handout 8 VIOLENCE HATE PR
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DVDs American Justice. “War Crime
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Japan so desperately needed to dest
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ESSENTIAL QUESTION THAT WILL FOCUS
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Unit 3—Handout 1 Nationalism, Mil
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Unit 3—Handout 2-1 Japanese Moder
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Japanese Military and International
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WWII in the Pacifi c (1941-1945) In
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Unit 3—Handout 2-3 Modern Chinese
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Unit 3—Handout 2-1 Examine the th
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Unit 3 Handout 3-3—#1 Examine car
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Unit 3—Handout 5 Bushidō 68 hubp
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Unit 3—Handout 7 brookdalecc Stud
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Tora! Tora! Tora! (1970). DVD. 20th
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SUGGESTED SEQUENCE OF LEARNING ACTI
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Unit 4—Handout 2 Historical Backg
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Unit 4—Handout 4 82 google images
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Shaded area is the Nanking Internat
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Unit 4—Handout 7 Read the followi
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will be lost or wrecked or utterly
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Unit 4—Handout 9 Second Document:
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of these not realizing the Japanese
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Unit 4—Handout 12 The Ambassador
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Unit 4—Handout 13 Survivor Testim
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screamed, “Now that you are gone,
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Unit 4—Handout 18 Questions for D
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Unit 4—Handout 20 “Killing Cont
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Unit 4—Suggested Bibliography Aud
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Unit Five Military Sex Slaves Recru
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Although military prostitution has
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SUGGESTED SEQUENCE OF LEARNING ACTI
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Unit 5—Handout 2 Survivor Testimo
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Unit 5—Handout 4 Discussion Quest
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Unit 5—Handout 6 Japanese Governm
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Unit Six Biological and Chemical We
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These CBW camps and research labora
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ESSENTIAL QUESTION THAT WILL FOCUS
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Unit 6—Handout 1 Research Project
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Unit 6—Handout 2-1 Germ Warfare T
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Survivor of Bubonic Plague, Jiang L
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Unit 6—Handout 7 Questions for Di
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Students were compelled to bow towa
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Questions for Discussion 1. What is
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"Regarding the issue of biological
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Page 175 and 176: Unit 7—Handout 5 Questions for Di
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Page 185 and 186: Unit 8—Handout 3 Universe of Obli
Page 187 and 188: This demilitarized zone for Chinese
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Page 191 and 192: Selected Rescuer Profi les A Letter
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Page 203 and 204: Unit 8—Handout 9-1 John Rabe (188
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Page 207 and 208: Unit 8—Handout 9-2 Tsen Shuifang
Page 209: gate while the refugees poured in.
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Page 216 and 217: Unit Nine The Tokyo War Crimes Tria
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Page 226 and 227: Non-Applicability of Statutory Limi
Page 228 and 229: Prosecution Team: This group needs
Page 230 and 231: Unit 9—Handout 6 International Ag
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Page 234 and 235: Unit Ten Japanese Denial and Intern
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Page 240 and 241: Denial of the Nanking Massacre •
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Japan’s “masochistic education
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Yoshida: I didn’t mention this in
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Unit 10—Suggested Bibliography Bu
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1945 The fi rst atomic bomb is drop
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January, 1938 The world learns of t
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Reading Standards 9-12 1. Cite stro
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