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ESSENTIAL QUESTION THAT
WILL FOCUS TEACHING AND
LEARNING:
• How did the International Military
Tribunal Far East (IMTFE), also called
the Tokyo War Crimes Trials, attempt
to provide justice to the victims of
atrocities committed by the Japanese?
• How successful was the IMTFE in
carrying out its mission?
GUIDING QUESTIONS:
• How and by whom were the IMTFE
conducted?
• What historical and legal justifi cation
did the Allies have for the trials?
• Who were the defendants and with
what crimes were they charged?
• What verdicts were reached and
what were the sentences given to each
defendant?
• How did American concerns about the
Soviet Union affect the trials?
• How are the IMTFE trials similar
to and different from the Nuremberg
Trials?
• How do the IMTFE trials contribute to
the current Japanese denial of guilt and
responsibility for the atrocities against
the Chinese and others during the Asia-
Pacifi c War?
• How successful was the IMTFE in
carrying out its mission?
• What is the source of the current
controversy over Yasukuni Shrine?
ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE,
SKILLS, AND ENDURING
UNDERSTANDINGS:
A: STUDENTS WILL KNOW:
• The United States and its allies
conducted trials of selected Japanese
civilian and military leaders.
• The historical and legal basis for the
International Military Tribunal.
• The Japanese leaders were charged with
Murder, Conspiracy to Commit Murder,
Crimes against Peace, War Crimes, and
Crimes against Humanity.
• How the onset of the Cold War
affected the International Military
Tribunal for the Far East.
• The results of the trials.
B. STUDENTS WILL
UNDERSTAND THAT:
• The work of the IMTFE was impacted
by the start of the Cold War.
• The results of the trials bolster
Japanese denial of guilt and
responsibility.
• The victims of Japanese atrocities
continue to protest and demand Japanese
acknowledgement and apology for the
crimes committed against them.
• The tension between Japan and the
victims of atrocities have been increased
by the current controversy over Yasukuni
Shrine.
C. STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE
TO:
• List the nations that participated in the
War Crimes Tribunal.
• Identify the Japanese defendants and
their roles in the atrocities committed.
• List and defi ne the charges against the
defendants.
• State the verdicts reached by the
IMTFE.
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ASSESSMENT (EVIDENCE
OF KNOWLEDGE AND
UNDERSTANDING):
STUDENTS WILL:
• Develop and apply personal defi nitions
of responsibility, values and morality.
• Explain the difference between a crime
and a war crime.
• Research the historical and legal
basis for the establishment of the
International Military Tribunal.
• Investigate which defendants were
involved in the Nanjing Massacre, their
indictments and subsequent sentences.
• Determine whether the sentences were
suitable for each defendant’s charges.
• Organize a Mock Justice Tribunal.
• Examine the International Agreements
related to the Compensation Claims of
the victims who were persecuted by the
Japanese.
• Analyze the demands of the victims of
the Japanese atrocities.