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Unit 2—Handout 4
Defi nitions of Genocide
Charny: The wanton murder of a group of human beings on the basis of any
identity whatsoever that they share - national, ethnic, racial, religious,
political, geographical, ideological. Legal warfare is not included in
this defi nition.
Horowitz: A structural and systematic destruction of innocent people by a state
bureaucratic apparatus. Different from assassination which is the
sporadic and random act of people seeking power who eliminate
major fi gures in a government in an effort to gain power illegally.
Chalk and Jonassohn:
A form of one-sided mass killing in which a state or other authority
intends to destroy a group, as that group and membership in it are
defi ned by the perpetrators.
Fein: A series of purposeful actions by a perpetrator(s) to destroy a
collectivity through mass or selective murders of group members and
suppressing the biological and social reproduction of the collectivity.
This can be accomplished through the imposed proscription or
restriction of reproduction of group members, increasing infant
mortality, and breaking the linkage between reproduction and
socialization of children in the family or group of origin. The
perpetrator may represent the state of the victim, another state, or
another collectivity.
UN: Any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in
part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group as such: (a)
Killing members of the group; (b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm
to members of the group; (c) Deliberately infl icting on the group
conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical
destruction in whole or in part; (d) Imposing measures intended to
prevent births within the group; (e) Forcibly transferring children of
the group to another group.
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