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Unit 10—Suggested Bibliography Buruma, Iam. The Wages of Guilt: Memories of War in Germany and Japan. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1994. (See pages 112-122 for a description of the Massacre and of the revisionist position.) Chang, Iris. The Rape of Nanking: The Forgotten Holocaust of World War II. Giangreco, D. M. Hell to Pay: Operation Downfall and the Invasion of Japan, 1945-1947. Annapolis: Naval Institute P, 2009. Hein, Laura, and Mark Seldon, eds. Censoring History: Citizenship and Memory in Japan, Germany, and the United States. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2000. Hicks, George. Japan’s War Memories: Amnesia or Concealment? London: Ashgate, 1997. Li, Peter. Japanese War Crimes: The Search for Justice. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. 2008. MacArthur, Brian. Surviving the Sword: Prisoners of the Japanese in the Far East. New York: Random House. 2005. Parkinson, James W., and Lee Benson. Soldier Slaves: Abandoned by the White House, Courts and Congress. Annapolis: US Naval Institute P, 2006. Shiro, Azuma. Azuma Shiro’s Diary. Beijing: Phoenix Publishing, 2006 Tenney, Lester. My Hitch in Hell. Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2007. Weller, George, and Anthony Weller. First Into Nagasaki. New York: Crown Books, 2006. DVDs The Inheritance of War. DVD. Ashley Karras and James W. Parkinson, 2009. Torn Memories of Nanjing. DVD. 2010. Websites http://edmontonalpha.org/study_guide.pdf http://www.gendercide.org/case_nanking.html 257
Appendix A Timeline of Origins and Events of The Asia-Pacifi c War, 1931- 1945 1894 The fi rst Sino-Japanese War begins. 1895 Shimonoseki Treaty. After defeat in the Sino-Japanese War, China unwillingly cedes Taiwan to Japan and pays a fi nancial indemnity. 1902 The Anglo-Japanese Alliance is signed. Japan and Great Britain agree to assist one another in safeguarding their respective interests in Asia. The Alliance is renewed in 1905 and 1911. 1905 Upon Russia’s defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05, the U.S. mediates the Treaty of Portsmouth. The treaty forces Russia to give up its concession in the southern Manchuria to Japan and recognizes Japan as the dominant power in Korea. China unwillingly signs another treaty with Japan, recognizing Japan’s imperialistic rights in southern Manchuria. After the Treaty of Portsmouth, the Taft-Katsura memorandum is signed between Japan and US. This agreement recognizes US control of the Philippines. 1907 Some major conventions on the laws of war are made in the Hague Conference of 1907, including the Hague IV: Laws and Customs of War on Land. 1910 Japan’s “offi cial” annexation of Korea. 1914 - 1918 World War I starts. Japan as one of the Allied countries against Germany occupies Shantung Peninsula of China, and assumes the imperial rights of Germany in that region. 1926 Hirohito becomes Emperor of Japan. 1929 The Geneva Convention Relating to Prisoners of War 1931 The Japanese Imperial Army launches a full-scale attack on Manchuria, northeast China. 1932 The Japanese Imperial Army seizes Manchuria and establishes the puppet state of Manchukuo. Japan establishes biological warfare units in Japan and China. 1933 The League of Nations declares the Manchukuo is not a legitimate state and calls for the withdrawal of Japanese troops. Japan withdraws from the League in protest. Expanding from Manchuria, the Japanese Imperial Army gains control of much of North China. 1937 “Marco Polo Bridge Incident.” Japan’s full-scale invasion of China begins. Peking (now Beijing) and Shanghai are captured. When Nanking (now Nanjing), the capital, falls, the Japanese military commits the Nanking Massacre. The military sexual slavery system for the Japanese military expands rapidly after the Nanking Massacre. 1939 World War II starts in Europe with the attack on Poland. 1940 Japan moves into northern Indo-China (now Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia). Japan joins the Axis Alliance with Germany and Italy 1941 Tojo Hideki becomes Prime Minister of Japan. Japan raids Pearl Harbor on December 7. British Malaya and Hong Kong are simultaneously attacked. The Pacifi c phase of World War II begins. Hong Kong falls on December 25. Of the 1,975 Canadian soldiers sent to defend Hong Kong, 290 are killed in action and 1,685 are captured and interned by the Japanese military. 267 die in internment. 1942 Forced relocation and internment of Japanese Americans in the United States and Japanese Canadians in <strong>Canada</strong> begin. By May 1942, Japan has gained control over wide territories including Hong Kong, Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Burma (now Myanmar), Malaya (now Singapore and Malaysia), Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), and many other Pacifi c islands. 258
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Preface The publication of the seco
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ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS THAT WILL FOCUS
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Unit 1—Handout 1 Our Human Rights
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I was little and had short straight
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Questions for Discussion 1. Did you
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How comfortable would you feel with
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Bob: Those black guys in the high s
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dislike for good and suffi cient re
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Unit 1—Handout 7 Prejudice by Ire
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Riots, like most problems, have man
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Unit Two Atrocity, Massacre, Genoci
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thoughtful defi nition(s) they choo
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Unit 2—Handout 1 31
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Genocide has taken place throughout
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Holocaust and Genocide - Is There a
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Unit 2—Handout 5 The Defi nition
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Unit 2—Handout 6―1 LABELING POT
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Unit 2—Handout 6―3 Alternative
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Unit 2—Handout 8 VIOLENCE HATE PR
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DVDs American Justice. “War Crime
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Japan so desperately needed to dest
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ESSENTIAL QUESTION THAT WILL FOCUS
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Unit 3—Handout 1 Nationalism, Mil
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Unit 3—Handout 2-1 Japanese Moder
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Japanese Military and International
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WWII in the Pacifi c (1941-1945) In
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Unit 3—Handout 2-3 Modern Chinese
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Unit 3—Handout 2-1 Examine the th
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Unit 3 Handout 3-3—#1 Examine car
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Unit 3—Handout 5 Bushidō 68 hubp
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Unit 3—Handout 7 brookdalecc Stud
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Tora! Tora! Tora! (1970). DVD. 20th
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Unit 4—Handout 4 82 google images
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Shaded area is the Nanking Internat
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Unit 4—Handout 7 Read the followi
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will be lost or wrecked or utterly
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Unit 4—Handout 9 Second Document:
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of these not realizing the Japanese
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Unit 4—Handout 12 The Ambassador
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Unit 4—Handout 13 Survivor Testim
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screamed, “Now that you are gone,
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Unit 4—Handout 18 Questions for D
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Unit 4—Handout 20 “Killing Cont
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Unit 4—Suggested Bibliography Aud
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Unit Five Military Sex Slaves Recru
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Although military prostitution has
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SUGGESTED SEQUENCE OF LEARNING ACTI
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Unit 5—Handout 2 Survivor Testimo
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Unit 5—Handout 4 Discussion Quest
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Unit 5—Handout 6 Japanese Governm
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Unit Six Biological and Chemical We
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These CBW camps and research labora
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Unit 6—Handout 1 Research Project
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Survivor of Bubonic Plague, Jiang L
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Students were compelled to bow towa
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Questions for Discussion 1. What is
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"Regarding the issue of biological
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Japanese, Chinese, perhaps victims
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DVDs History—Unit 731: Nightmare
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ESSENTIALS QUESTION THAT WILL FOCUS
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Sides, Hampton. Ghost Soldiers: The
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Unit 8—Handout 1 Defi nitions Def
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Unit 8—Handout 3 Universe of Obli
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This demilitarized zone for Chinese
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Unit 8—Handout 6 Members of the I
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Selected Rescuer Profi les A Letter
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George Ashmore Fitch (1883-1979) Ge
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Unit 8—Handout 7 Chinese Rescue W
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Jing Zhe-qiao, Xu Kai-ji (Director,
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Dr. Chang (Doctor, Nanjing Drum Tow
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I’ll close today’s entry with t
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Unit 8—Handout 9-1 John Rabe (188
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anyone who tried to defend themselv
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Unit 8—Handout 9-2 Tsen Shuifang
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gate while the refugees poured in.
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Unit 8—Handout 9-4 Honda Introduc
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