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SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL DEPTH AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES AS THE PRINCIPAL INDICATORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SOIL FUNCTIONS developed as a module in reference to • EU FP6, Global Changes and Ecosystems, 4 th Call • EU FP 7, Theme 6: Environment (including Climate Change) Pre-proposal No 2 13
Pre-proposal No 2 SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL DEPTH AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES AS THE PRINCIPAL INDICATORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SOIL FUNCTIONS Description A soil acts as a physical, chemical and biological reactor {Richter 1987), which determines the functionality of ecosystems. Some of the most important forest soil functions include the biomass production, regulation of ecosystem processes and environmental interaction, i. e. mainly accumulation, filtration and transformation. Individual functions are most often approximated through certain attributes and their indicators, which are parameters relatively easily available from soil survey or mapping, such as textural composition, structure, pH and others. More complex indicators, termed as pedotransfer functions represent combinations of several variables and are based on various types of correlation analysis with the aim to extract transformation relationships. As important forest soils quality indicators, organic matter content, porosity and infiltration intensity have recently been proposed by international working groups. The most frequently used indicators however provide only a rough and little reliable approximation of soil functions, as they are based on intensity variables, instead of the capacity ones. The estimation of forest soil functions based on the intensity-capacity approach requires a sufficient knowledge on the spatial variability of the forest soils depth, which is one of he least studied processes due to inherent technical difficulties. This problem is often solved by converting the intensity into capacity variables for deliberately selected top soil layers, by the assumption of an average depth without any knowledge on the type of its distribution, or by employing simple models rendering soil depth as a function of the elevation, slope curvature etc. Currently, methods for the prediction of soil depth based on soil-landscape regression models are constructed, and methods for non-destructive, geophysical measurement of soil depth, such as the ground penetration or electric resistivity tomography are being further developed. The importance and connection between the soil depth and soil transport properties is well illustrated by the fact that variability in correlation relationships between the soil properties and topographic features at various depths may exist, conditioned by the declining hydraulic conductivity in the downward direction. Another reason, why even the intensity-capacity approach may not deliver expected reliability and accuracy in the estimation of forest soil functions, is the enormous spatial variability of the soil hydraulic conductivity and the susceptibility of forest soils to the preferential flow. Due to non-linear dependence of the water flow velocity on the porous volume properties and the occurrence of structural heterogeneity of forest soils, the pedotransfer functions do not allow for viable predictions of the soil hydraulic conductivity from static properties. As an alternative to a time consuming, labour intensive and little representative direct measurement on undisturbed samples, soil hydraulic conductivity is often predictions based on retention curves. The methods are being constantly improved, for instance by a model allowing for a bimodal distribution of the soil pores. For these reasons, no systematic data on the transport properties of forest soils are available either abroad, or in Slovakia. Literature references (including those used in the methodological section) BELL, J. C., CUNNINGHAM, R. L., HAVENS, M. V., 1992: Calibration and validaton of a soil-landscape model for predicting soil drainage class. Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. Journal, 56, 6, 1860–1866. BLUM, W.E.H., SANTELISES, A. A, 1994: A Concept of Sustainability and Resilience Based of Soil Functions: the Role of the International Society of Soil Science in Promoting Sustainable Land Use. In: Greenland D.J. and I. Szabolcs (Eds.): Soil Resilience and Sustainable Land Use, pp. 535-542. CAB INTERNATIONAL Wallingford, 1994. BOER, M., DEL BARIO, G., PUGDEFÁBRES, J., 1996: Mapping soil depth classes in dry Mediterannean areas usng terrain attributes derived from a digital elevation model. Geoderma, 72, 1–2, 99–118. BOUMA, J, 1989: Using soil survey data for quantitative land evaluations. Adv. Soil Sci, 9, 177–213. BOURENNANE, H., KING, D., COUTURIER A., 2000: Comparison of kriging with external drift and simple linear regression for predicting soil horizon thickness with different sample densities. Geoderma 97, 3–4, 255–271. BRUBAKER, S. C., JONES, A. J., LEWIS, D. T., FRANK, K., 1993: Soil properties associated with landscape position. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Journal 57, 1, 235–239. CAPULIAK, J., PICHLER, V., GREGOR, J., PICHLEROVÁ, M., BEBEJ, J., 2005: V˘poãet desukcie lesného porastu na báze indikátorového experimentu calculation of forest desiccation on the base of indicator experimentu. In: Sobocká, J., (ed): ·tvrté pôdoznalecké dni v SR. Zborník referátov z vedeckej konferencie pôdoznalcov SR, âingov, 14.–16. jún, 2005. VÚPOP, Societas Pedologica Slovaca, Bratislava, 60–64. CATANI,F,. SEGONI, S., FALORNI, G., 2006: A soil depth prediction scheme for geomorphologic and hydrologic distributed modeling. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 8, 09405. COSENZA, P., MARMET, E., REJIBA, F., CUI, Y. J, TABBAGH, A., CHARLERY, Y, 2006: Correlations between geotechnical and electrical data: A case study at Garchy in France. Journal of Applied Geophysics. (In press). DE GROOT, R. S., WILSON, M. A., BOUMANS, R. M. J., 2002: A typology for the classification, description and valuation of ecosystem functions, goods and services. Ecological economics (May 2002) DE VAAL, C., 2004: Post-socialist Property Rights and Wrongs in Albania: An Ethnography of Agrarian Change, 2, 1, 19–50. DORAN, J. W., LEIBIG, M., SANTANA, D. P., 1996: Soil health and sustainability. Adv. Agron. 56, pp. 1–56. DURNER, W., 1991: Vorhersage der hydraulischenLeitfähigkeit strukturierten Böden. Bayreuther bodenkundliche Berichte, Band 20, 180ss. 14
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State Party: Ukraine Slovak Republi
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Northern slope of Mt. Pip Ivan and
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5 A4 size map of nominated property
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Criteria under which property is no
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necromass, hollow nesting birds dep
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Name and contact information of off
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1.e Maps and plans, showing the bou
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type - beginning since 10-12% in th
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Amphibian are represented here by R
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deciduous tree species in Slovakia,
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taxoso-mercurialidosum, Fagetum fes
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2.a.4 Maramorosh (Ukraine) Abiotic
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ird fauna of the cluster is very pe
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depauperate appearance due to the v
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forests complex contains some 200 y
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2.a.7 Stuzhytsia − Uzhok (Ukraine
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one. Gonepteryx rhamni, Nymphalis a
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Fagetum dentariosum and Fagetum spa
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2.a.9 Uholka-Shyrokyi Luh (Ukraine)
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The beech forests with an admixture
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2.a.10 Vihorlat (Slovak Republic) A
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2.b History and Development: Forest
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Due to it, the buffer zone of the C
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Within the territory of the Uzhansk
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3. Justification of Inscription The
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illustrated by the inventory data o
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Tab. 4: Dynamics of number of Myoti
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close-to-nature forestry on the glo
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nomination by Polish beech primeval
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world natural heritage list within
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3.d Integrity and Authenticity Auth
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and LeGoff (1992) once presented a
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4.a.5 Rožok (Slovak Republic) Sinc
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Government of SR No. 216/1998. Give
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Nominated properties are situated o
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5. Protection and Management of the
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protection of the massifs on the Uk
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territorial development plans and a
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technological innovations with the
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5.j Staffing levels (professional,
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Chemical composition of precipitati
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National Academy of Sciences, Feder
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4 Print Havešová 2002 TU Zvolen n
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Rakhiv, Transcarpathian Region Ukra
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BRANG, P., 2005: Virgin Forests as
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HODOVANETS B.YO Distribution and nu
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LUHOVOI A.E. Birds // Fauna of the
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PIOVESAN, G., DI FILIPPO, A., ALESS
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VOLOŠČUK, I., 1999: National Park
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Transcarpathian Region, Ukraine Tel
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9. Signature on behalf of the State
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inscription onto the UNESCO World H
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Nature protection oriented legal in
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for living and favorable conditions
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During the 2 nd stage that too has
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The following are the main inter-re
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Objective II: Ensuring the most eff
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government compensation, or purchas
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Output IV.2: Biodiversity database,
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− Activity V.1.2**/***: Organize
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Park with a rather vast territory h
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JMC will develop and maintain its o
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− uncompromised application of th
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operation, such as the EU-funded IN
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Annex 2 to IMP Action plan for the
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Annex 3 to IMP INTERREG IIIB CADSES
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pushing the envelope through person
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IV. Promoting risk management and p
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Annex 4 to IMP STARTPAGE HUMAN RESO
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MIMICKING PRIMEVAL FORESTS PATTERNS
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3.2 Project novelty and expected co
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Two key publications: Commarmot, B.
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field researchers acquire a better
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ENDPAGE HUMAN RESOURCES AND MOBILIT
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Nebria transsylvanica + + Notiophil
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Triplax russica + + + + Xyleborus d
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Boletus luridus 1 Boletus pinophilu
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Dacrymyces nigricans 1 Dacrymyces s
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Hymenochaete cruenta 1 Hymenochaete
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Lycogala epidendrum 1 1 Lycoperdon
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Phaeolepiota aurea 1 Phaeolepiota l
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Puccinia poarum 1 Pycnoporellus ful
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Trichia affinis de Bary 1 Tricholom
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53. Caloplaca flavovirescens 1 54.
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163. Hypogymnia vittata 1 1 1 164.
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273. Parmelia laevigata 1 1 1 274.
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383. Ropalospora lugubris 1 384. Sa
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Tab. 3. List of mammals - 73 specie
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Conservation HA VI ST RO Status, Re
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List of Mollusca Druh/Species ST KZ
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Zebrina detrita Zonitoides nitidus
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List of mosses SU KZ SV CH MA UH HA
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69. Bryum weigelii 1 LR: nt 70. Bux
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128. Dicranum flagellare 129. Dicra
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176. Frullania fragilifolia 177. Fr
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224. Jamesoniella autumnalis 225. J
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272. Mylia anomala 273. Mylia taylo
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320. Plagiothecium nemorale 1 321.
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368. Rhizomnium punctatum 1 1 1 1 1
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416. Sphagnum subsecundum 417. Spha
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LR:nt - low risk, near threatened L
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Nematoda Druh/Species HA VI ST RO K
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Tab. 7: Species list of Lepidoptera
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Erynnis tages 1 1 1 1 1 Eudia pavon
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Ponthia daplidice 1 1 1 1 1 Protode
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Vascular plants - list of species o
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Althaea officinalis Althaea pallida
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Bartsia alpina 1 Bassia scoparia Be
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Carex acutiformis Carex alba 1 Care
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Cerasus vulgaris Ceratocephala orth
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Cystopteris regia Dactylis glomerat
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Eragrostis pilosa Eremogone micrade
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Galium uliginosum Galium vernum Gal
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Homogyne alpina 1 1 1 Hordelymus eu
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Lactuca muralis Lactuca perennis La
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Luzula pallidula Luzula pilosa 1 1
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Myosotis pratensis Myosotis radican
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Phleum pratense 1 1 Phleum rhaeticu
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Potentilla arenaria ssp. tommasinia
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Rhinantus minor Rhodax rupifragus R
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Scabiosa ochroleuca Scilla bifolia
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Solanum dulcamara 1 Solanum nigrum
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Tilia cordata Tilia platyphyllos 1
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Veronica montana 1 1 1 Veronica off
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Nomination of the “Ancient Beech
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10 NOMINATION DOSSIER "ANCIENT BEEC
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Annex to Chapter 1 Nationale Naturl
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1.2 Topographical map of the nomina
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1.4 Topographical map of the nomina
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3.2 Publication Natur & Landschaft
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5.1 Summary minutes of the trilater
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 5.1 "ANCIE
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5.8 List of events to announce the
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5.10 Exhibition flyer containing th
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 5.11 "ANCI
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5.12 Leaflet in German and English
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Foreword In May 2008, the city of B
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5.10.2 Hydropower 106 5.10.3 Wind E
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15.1.9 Alpine Convention 287 15.1.1
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6.2.1 Fundamentals for a modern man
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6.2.2 Summary of the current applic
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 6.2.2 "ANC
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7.1 Digital photographic documentat
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 7.1 „ANC
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 7.1 „ANC
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7.2.1 Decree on the designation of
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7.2.7 Ordinance of the Kellerwald-E
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NATIONAL PARK PLAN FOR THE KELLERWA
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Preface NATIONAL PARK PLAN 2008 Nat
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L NATIONAL PARK PLAN 2008 - APPROAC
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