EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - UNESCO World Heritage

5.10.2 Hydropower 106
5.10.3 Wind Energy 107
5.10.4 Solar Energy 109
5.11 Tourism 110
5.12 Sports and Leisure Activities 112
3Contents
Part 2
Nature Conservation Tools and Measures
6 Nature Conservation Law 120
6.1 International Law 120
6.2 European Law 121
6.3 National Law (German Federal and Länder Law) 122
7 Species Conservation 124
7.1 The German Federal Nature Conservation Act and Federal Species
Conservation Ordinance 124
7.2 Implementation of CITES and EU Wildlife Trade Regulations in Germany 126
7.3 Habitats Directive 130
7.4 Birds Directive 132
7.5 Bern Convention 133
7.6 Agreements Under the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) 133
7.7 Ex-Situ Species Conservation 140
8 Protected Areas 143
8.1 Protected Areas Under German Law 145
8.1.1 Nature Conservation Areas 145
8.1.2 National Parks 148
8.1.3 Biosphere Reserves 151
8.1.4 Specially Protected Habitats Under Section 30 of the German Federal
Nature Conservation Act 155
8.1.5 Landscape Protection Areas 158
8.1.6 Nature Parks 159
8.1.7 Strict Forest Reserves 162
8.2 Protected Areas Under EU Law: Natura 2000 165
8.2.1 Protected Areas Under the Habitats Directive 170
8.2.2 Protected Areas Under the Birds Directive 172
8.2.3 Natura 2000 Sites in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) 173
8.2.4 Reporting Obligations Under the Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive 174
8.3 Protected Areas Under International Agreements,
and Specially Designated Areas 176
8.3.1 Wetlands of International Importance 176
8.3.2 OSPAR and HELCOM Marine Protected Areas 179
8.3.3 Council of Europe Diploma Sites 183
8.3.4 European Reserves 183
8.3.5 Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSAs) 184
8.4 The Ecological Network Under Section 3 of the German Federal Nature
Conservation Act 187
8.5 National Natural Heritage 190
9 Nature and Landscape Surveillance, Analysis and Evaluation 192
9.1 Red Lists 192
9.1.1 Aims and Methodology 192
9.1.2 Status of German National and Länder Red Lists 201