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66 NOMINATION DOSSIER "ANCIENT BEECH FORESTS OF GERMANY" Tab. 2.10: Species in Kellerwald under protection of the Habitats (annex II and annex IV) and Birds Directive (annex I) English name Scientifi c name Annex II Annex IV Annex I 1 Common Midwife Toad Alytes obstetricans X Smooth Snake Coronella austriaca X European Bullhead Cottus gobio X Northern Bat Eptesicus nilssoni X Jersey Tiger Euplagia quadripunctaria X European Tree Frog Hyla arborea X Sand Lizard Lacerta agilis X Violet Click Beetle Limoniscus violaceus X Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus X Hazel Dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius X Brandt’s Bat Myotis brandti X Daubenton’s Bat Myotis daubentoni X Bechstein’s Bat Myotis bechsteinii X X Pond Bat Myotis dascycneme X Leisler’s Bat Nyctalus leisleri X Greater Mouse-eared Bat Myotis myotis X X Whiskered Bat Myotis mystacinus X Natterer’s Bat Myotis nattereri X Common Noctule Nyctalus noctula X Hermit Beetle Osmoderma eremita X X Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus X Soprano Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus X Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus X Parti-coloured Bat Vespertilio murinus X Tengmalm’s Owl Aegolius funereus X Common Kingfi sher Alcedo atthis X Hazel Grouse Bonasa bonasia X Eurasian Eagle Owl Bubo bubo X Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopus medius X Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius X Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus X Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva X Eurasian Pygmy Owl Glaucidium passerinum X Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius collurio X Woodlark Lullula arborea X Black Kite Milvus migrans X Red Kite Milvus milvus X Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus X Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus X
2.b History and Development A single tree species – the beech – having come to dominate the forest and ecosystemary development of major portions of an entire continent over the course of an ongoing ecological process is unparalleled globally. Th is dominance has developed within a few thousand years after the last ice age – which is extremely short a period from a geological or evolutionary perspective. Within Europe, the ongoing process currently shows particularly strikingly in Germany. Processes of Europe’s evolutionary development Although the Gondwana supercontinent had started to fragment at the turning point from Triassic to Jurassic, the fragments were initially close to each other so that plants could spread. A number of recent plant taxa therefore have a distinct “Gondwana distribution range”. Relic areas on the southern tip of South America, Australia, and New Zealand are possibly occupied by the southern beech (Nothofagus) genus (WALTER & STRAKA 1970). Nothofagus might have evolved within the region of what is Antarctica today, but was subsequently unable to reach the portions of Gondwanaland that had detached already at an earlier point (Africa, Madagascar, India). However, it would come to South America, New Zealand, and Australia, where it has persevered ever since (CRANWELL 1963, 1964 in WALTER & STRAKA 1970). Disjunctive distribution might best be explained by the existence of a former antarctic land bridge (DU RIETZ 1940, quoted in WALTER & STRAKA 1970). It is assumed that Fagus spread from a “warmer subterritory of Laurasia”. Th e bipolar areas of the nearest related genuses Nothofagus and Fagus are most probably due to migrations across the tropical high mountains. Until the Eocene, the Central European fl ora was showing a tropicalsubtropical character (Arctotertiary fl ora, WALTER & STRAKA 1970). By the end of the Oligocene, it was losing species under the infl uence of a temperate climate. Deciduous forests had developed as early as during the period when broad-leaf in decid u ous species migrated from tropical to more temperate zones. Th is adaptation would allow them to survive in the northern hemisphere in the cool to chill climate of the Miocene, while the austral woodland vegetation in the southern hemisphere has been dominated by broad-leaf indeciduous forest to the present day. Th e Central European Miocene fl ora saw the blending of numerous geographical elements (East Asian, North American, Mediterranean, Subtropical, Tropical, Holarctic, and Eurasian). During this epoch, a beech species appeared being an intermediate type between the North American Fagus grandifl ora and the European Fagus sylvatica (WALTER & STRAKA 1970). Th e subsequent loss of species in Europe resulted from climatic changes. By the end of the Pliocene epoch, the Quarternary was already about to set in with its relatively rapid and strong variations in temperature. Th e Glacial epoch (Pleistocene) with at least four glacials had commenced, causing the tropical-subtropical and East Asian- North American elements to disappear. Yet it was not before the onset of the Middle Pleistocene that the temperate fl ora would turn into what we see today (fi g. 2.14, 2.15). 2. DESCRIPTION The German beech forests represent the development process which has been taking place in Europe since the Ice Age. Nationale Naturlandschaften 67
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State Party: Ukraine Slovak Republi
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Northern slope of Mt. Pip Ivan and
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5 A4 size map of nominated property
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Criteria under which property is no
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necromass, hollow nesting birds dep
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Name and contact information of off
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1.e Maps and plans, showing the bou
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type - beginning since 10-12% in th
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Amphibian are represented here by R
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deciduous tree species in Slovakia,
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taxoso-mercurialidosum, Fagetum fes
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2.a.4 Maramorosh (Ukraine) Abiotic
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ird fauna of the cluster is very pe
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depauperate appearance due to the v
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forests complex contains some 200 y
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2.a.7 Stuzhytsia − Uzhok (Ukraine
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one. Gonepteryx rhamni, Nymphalis a
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Fagetum dentariosum and Fagetum spa
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2.a.9 Uholka-Shyrokyi Luh (Ukraine)
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The beech forests with an admixture
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2.a.10 Vihorlat (Slovak Republic) A
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2.b History and Development: Forest
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Due to it, the buffer zone of the C
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Within the territory of the Uzhansk
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3. Justification of Inscription The
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illustrated by the inventory data o
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Tab. 4: Dynamics of number of Myoti
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close-to-nature forestry on the glo
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nomination by Polish beech primeval
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world natural heritage list within
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3.d Integrity and Authenticity Auth
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and LeGoff (1992) once presented a
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4.a.5 Rožok (Slovak Republic) Sinc
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Government of SR No. 216/1998. Give
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Nominated properties are situated o
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5. Protection and Management of the
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protection of the massifs on the Uk
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territorial development plans and a
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technological innovations with the
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5.j Staffing levels (professional,
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Chemical composition of precipitati
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National Academy of Sciences, Feder
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4 Print Havešová 2002 TU Zvolen n
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Rakhiv, Transcarpathian Region Ukra
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BRANG, P., 2005: Virgin Forests as
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HODOVANETS B.YO Distribution and nu
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LUHOVOI A.E. Birds // Fauna of the
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PIOVESAN, G., DI FILIPPO, A., ALESS
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VOLOŠČUK, I., 1999: National Park
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Transcarpathian Region, Ukraine Tel
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9. Signature on behalf of the State
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inscription onto the UNESCO World H
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Nature protection oriented legal in
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for living and favorable conditions
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During the 2 nd stage that too has
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The following are the main inter-re
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Objective II: Ensuring the most eff
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government compensation, or purchas
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Output IV.2: Biodiversity database,
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− Activity V.1.2**/***: Organize
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Park with a rather vast territory h
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JMC will develop and maintain its o
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− uncompromised application of th
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operation, such as the EU-funded IN
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Annex 2 to IMP Action plan for the
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Annex 3 to IMP INTERREG IIIB CADSES
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pushing the envelope through person
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IV. Promoting risk management and p
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Annex 4 to IMP STARTPAGE HUMAN RESO
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MIMICKING PRIMEVAL FORESTS PATTERNS
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3.2 Project novelty and expected co
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groups (ZVO, GOT) have expertise in
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Two key publications: Commarmot, B.
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field researchers acquire a better
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ENDPAGE HUMAN RESOURCES AND MOBILIT
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EXPLANATIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS WIT
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the presence of numerous woodpecker
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statements, e. g. informing them on
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ERA ENV in the Slovak Republic - Ge
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CONTENTS Pre-proposal No 1: MICKING
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Pre-proposal No 1 MICKING PRIMEVAL
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Pre-proposal No 2 SPATIAL VARIABILI
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NATURE - BASED MANAGEMENT OF BIODIV
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Pre-proposal No 3 NATURE - BASED MA
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Indicator: Differences in growth pe
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Work package 3: Modeling and testin
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Work package 5: Project management
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ENHANCEMENT OF CARBON AND WATER REL
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system management. The data are how
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Pre-proposal No 4 ENHANCEMENT OF CA
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ADAPTATION TO AND MITIGATION OF ADV
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Pre-proposal No 5 ADAPTATION TO AND
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Amphibia and reptilia ; See bottom
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Araneidea - list of species of the
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Leptyphantes pallidus 1 1 Leptyphan
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Xysticus ferrugineus (Menge, 1876)
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Diplocephalus helleri EN Diplocepha
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Philodromus vagulus Phlegra fasciat
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Bird species - 101 species; See bot
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Falco columbarius Linnaeus, 1758 Fa
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Regulus regulus (Linnaeus, 1758) H
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Coleoptera Druh/Species HA VI ST RO
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Carabus coriaceus + + + + Carabus a
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Nebria transsylvanica + + Notiophil
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Triplax russica + + + + Xyleborus d
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Boletus luridus 1 Boletus pinophilu
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Dacrymyces nigricans 1 Dacrymyces s
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Hymenochaete cruenta 1 Hymenochaete
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Lycogala epidendrum 1 1 Lycoperdon
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Phaeolepiota aurea 1 Phaeolepiota l
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Puccinia poarum 1 Pycnoporellus ful
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Trichia affinis de Bary 1 Tricholom
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53. Caloplaca flavovirescens 1 54.
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163. Hypogymnia vittata 1 1 1 164.
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273. Parmelia laevigata 1 1 1 274.
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383. Ropalospora lugubris 1 384. Sa
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Tab. 3. List of mammals - 73 specie
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Conservation HA VI ST RO Status, Re
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List of Mollusca Druh/Species ST KZ
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Zebrina detrita Zonitoides nitidus
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List of mosses SU KZ SV CH MA UH HA
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69. Bryum weigelii 1 LR: nt 70. Bux
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128. Dicranum flagellare 129. Dicra
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176. Frullania fragilifolia 177. Fr
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224. Jamesoniella autumnalis 225. J
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272. Mylia anomala 273. Mylia taylo
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320. Plagiothecium nemorale 1 321.
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368. Rhizomnium punctatum 1 1 1 1 1
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416. Sphagnum subsecundum 417. Spha
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LR:nt - low risk, near threatened L
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Nematoda Druh/Species HA VI ST RO K
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Tab. 7: Species list of Lepidoptera
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Erynnis tages 1 1 1 1 1 Eudia pavon
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Ponthia daplidice 1 1 1 1 1 Protode
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Vascular plants - list of species o
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Althaea officinalis Althaea pallida
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Bartsia alpina 1 Bassia scoparia Be
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Carex acutiformis Carex alba 1 Care
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Cerasus vulgaris Ceratocephala orth
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Cystopteris regia Dactylis glomerat
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Eragrostis pilosa Eremogone micrade
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Galium uliginosum Galium vernum Gal
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Homogyne alpina 1 1 1 Hordelymus eu
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Lactuca muralis Lactuca perennis La
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Luzula pallidula Luzula pilosa 1 1
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Myosotis pratensis Myosotis radican
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Phleum pratense 1 1 Phleum rhaeticu
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Potentilla arenaria ssp. tommasinia
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Rhinantus minor Rhodax rupifragus R
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Scabiosa ochroleuca Scilla bifolia
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Solanum dulcamara 1 Solanum nigrum
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Tilia cordata Tilia platyphyllos 1
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Veronica montana 1 1 1 Veronica off
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Nomination of the “Ancient Beech
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4 NOMINATION DOSSIER "ANCIENT BEECH
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10 NOMINATION DOSSIER "ANCIENT BEEC
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116 NOMINATION DOSSIER "ANCIENT BEE
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Annex to Chapter 1 Nationale Naturl
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1.2 Topographical map of the nomina
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1.4 Topographical map of the nomina
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3.2 Publication Natur & Landschaft
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5.1 Summary minutes of the trilater
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 5.1 "ANCIE
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5.6 Communication strategy: beech f
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5.8 List of events to announce the
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5.10 Exhibition flyer containing th
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 5.11 "ANCI
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5.12 Leaflet in German and English
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Foreword In May 2008, the city of B
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5.10.2 Hydropower 106 5.10.3 Wind E
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15.1.9 Alpine Convention 287 15.1.1
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6.2.1 Fundamentals for a modern man
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6.2.2 Summary of the current applic
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 6.2.2 "ANC
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7.1 Digital photographic documentat
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 7.1 „ANC
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NOMINATION DOSSIER ANNEX 7.1 „ANC
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7.2.1 Decree on the designation of
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7.2.2 Decree on the designation of
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7.2.3 Decree on the regulation of h
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7.2.4 Ordinance regulating the desi
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7.2.6 Thuringian Order amending the
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7.2.7 Ordinance of the Kellerwald-E
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7.3.1 Integrated Management System
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7.3.2 Coordinated management for th
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7.3.4 National Park Plan for the M
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7.3.6 National Park Plan for the Ha
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NATIONAL PARK PLAN FOR THE KELLERWA
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Preface NATIONAL PARK PLAN 2008 Nat
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L NATIONAL PARK PLAN 2008 - APPROAC
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