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240 RELIGION OF THE NORTHMEN.<br />

we find they swore by certain objects wbich were<br />

looked upon as boly, or. as symbols of something<br />

holy. Such oaths are named in various places in<br />

the old Eddaic poems : for instance, by the Deck<br />

of the Ship, by the Margin of the Shield, by the<br />

Edge of the Sword, by the Lightning's light "Water,<br />

*. 6., flash, by the southward declining Sun, i. e.,<br />

Mid-day Sun, and many such things. When<br />

Volund wishes to secure his bride, the daughter of<br />

King NibaS, against the molestations of her father,<br />

he exacts of the king an oath that he wiU not do her<br />

any harm<br />

:<br />

"First shalt thou swear me<br />

All the oaths :<br />

—<br />

—<br />

By the Ship's deck<br />

And the Shield's margin,<br />

By the Steed's neck<br />

And the Sword's edge,<br />

That thou torment not<br />

The wife of Volund,<br />

Nor of my bride<br />

Become the destroyer."*<br />

Sigrun upbraids her brother Dag, for having broken<br />

his oath to her husband Helgi, in the following<br />

words<br />

:<br />

" May all the oaths<br />

Eecoil upon thee.<br />

Which thou hast sworn<br />

To Helgi,—<br />

By the light waters<br />

Of Leiptur's streani,f<br />

» The 0. Edda: VolundarkviBa, 31.<br />

f'Leiptr—^lightning—is one of the mythic streams mentioned-<br />

jn the Edda as flowing out from Hvergelmir, the great source of'<br />

all streams. " |iaSan eiga votn 611 vega," " thence the streams all<br />

have their ways,"

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