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The Use of Iambic Pentameter in the

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General Discussion<br />

Research that has exam<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>the</strong> effect <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Gestalt group<strong>in</strong>g pr<strong>in</strong>ciples on<br />

display design has largely <strong>in</strong>fluenced how designers group elements <strong>in</strong> user <strong>in</strong>terface<br />

displays. However, limitations set by task demands have been shown to constra<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

amount <strong>of</strong> time that users can preview <strong>in</strong>terface displays. Hurry<strong>in</strong>g to meet deadl<strong>in</strong>es,<br />

quick saccades between displays to <strong>in</strong>tegrate <strong>in</strong>formation, unwanted <strong>in</strong>formation sort<strong>in</strong>g<br />

and repetition <strong>of</strong> familiar tasks are all examples <strong>of</strong> limitations on user <strong>in</strong>terface view<strong>in</strong>g<br />

time. Recent discoveries <strong>in</strong> vision science, suggest that group<strong>in</strong>g can occur <strong>in</strong> more than<br />

one way across time (Gulick & Stake, 1957; Kurylo, 1997; Moore & Brown, 2001;<br />

Navon, 1981; Oliva & Schyns, 1997; Rauschenberger & Yantis, 2001; Sanocki, 1993;<br />

Schulz, 2002; Schulz et al., 2001; Schulz & Sanocki, 2003; Schyns & Oliva, 1994).<br />

<strong>The</strong>se discoveries that address exposure time limitations and group<strong>in</strong>g, have not been<br />

taken <strong>in</strong>to account <strong>in</strong> user <strong>in</strong>terface research. For this reason, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> reported experiments,<br />

time limitations were carefully considered with respect to <strong>the</strong> group<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> elements<br />

presented <strong>in</strong> user <strong>in</strong>terface displays.<br />

Experiment 1 was designed to determ<strong>in</strong>e whe<strong>the</strong>r group<strong>in</strong>g operates differentially<br />

on global and local <strong>in</strong>formation as a function <strong>of</strong> exposure duration. Observers were<br />

presented with ambiguous prime displays, <strong>in</strong> which a central pushbutton could group<br />

with a pushbutton on one side by a global group<strong>in</strong>g property (common region) or with a<br />

pushbutton on <strong>the</strong> oppos<strong>in</strong>g side by a local group<strong>in</strong>g property (connectedness). <strong>The</strong><br />

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