The Use of Iambic Pentameter in the

More documents

Recommendations

Info

global scene properties as the largest size shapes of objects in perceptual scenes (Sanocki, 2001; Navon, 1977; Navon, 1981). Global grouping in the current displays is therefore defined as an organizational property that is relatively large in size. Conversely, prior researchers have defined local properties as being more internal, interior and generally smaller shapes in perceptual scenes (Sanocki, 1993). Local grouping in the current displays is therefore defined as an organizational property that is relatively small in size. For example, with respect to Figure 9, the large ‘Altitude’ and ‘Speed’ boxes represent global grouping whereas the small “Status” and “Measure” boxes represent local grouping. Perhaps the best way to understand the difference between global and local grouping in the present studies is to quantify them. Global grouping defines a quantitative difference in size, relative to a local comparison. In the present experiments, global grouping cannot be defined as global unless it is contrasted with a local grouping equivalent. Due to its quantitative nature, global grouping can vary in degree. Thus, grouping in a particular stimulus can be slightly more global than a local comparison or much more global, depending on the difference in global and local size. Greater differences in size define a more dramatic difference between global and local grouping. It should be noted that there must be some upper limit to global grouping. For example, there must be some instances when global grouping is so large in size that grouping is not perceived at all. While of interest, these cases will not define global grouping in the present study and will not be represented in the present stimulus displays. Likewise, it is possible that there must be some lower limit to local grouping, one in which grouping is 66
no longer perceived. These cases will not define local grouping in the present studies, nor will they be represented in the present displays. In the present study, participants were presented with stimuli, displayed on a computer monitor, in which a central pushbutton was ambiguous as to how it could be grouped with the pushbutton to its immediate right and left side. The central pushbutton could group with the pushbutton on one side of the display by a global Gestalt principle and with the pushbutton on the opposing side of the display by a local Gestalt principle. In Figure 22A, for example, the central pushbutton groups by common region with the pushbutton on the left side and groups by connectedness with the pushbutton on the right side. Common region is depicted as being global in size scale when compared to connectedness. Figure 22. Primes used in reported experiments A C Note. (a) Example experimental prime. Central pushbutton groups by common region with pushbuttons on the left and by connectedness with pushbuttons on the right. In this display, common region is global relative to connectedness. (b) Example experimental prime. Central pushbutton groups by common region with the pushbuttons on the left and by connectedness with pushbuttons on the right. (c) Example neutral prime. Central pushbutton does not group with the pushbuttons on the left or right hand side of the display. 67 B
Page 1 and 2:
Time Course of Perceptual Grouping
Page 3 and 4:
Experiment 1 76 Method 76 Results a
Page 5 and 6:
List of Figures Figure 1. Illustrat
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
will look like and how it will comm
Page 13 and 14:
visibility of important interface e
Page 15 and 16:
displays are reported. Global and l
Page 17 and 18:
Electrical activity generated by th
Page 19 and 20:
would not be. It would be easier to
Page 21 and 22:
could be grouped by the principles
Page 23 and 24: Figure 4. Gestalt principles of gro
Page 25 and 26: One of the leaders in grouping and
Page 27 and 28: defined by similar numbers. For exa
Page 29 and 30: and Saasrinen (2000) observed that
Page 31 and 32: proximity (Bailey, 1989; Bonney & W
Page 33 and 34: find the target ‘Picture’ in th
Page 35 and 36: Humans integrate many types of info
Page 37 and 38: measures. As a result, the pilot wo
Page 39 and 40: Figure 10. Pop-up advertisement wit
Page 41 and 42: soldiers see in these speeded condi
Page 43 and 44: 2001), grouping by proximity and al
Page 45 and 46: local letters, as illustrated by Fi
Page 47 and 48: frequency channels at specific rang
Page 49 and 50: Recent support for the Flexible Usa
Page 51 and 52: occluded shape as being incomplete
Page 53 and 54: search for the target in the experi
Page 55 and 56: Gestalt principle of good continuat
Page 57 and 58: columns of circles on the opposing
Page 59 and 60: short stimulus durations can be use
Page 61 and 62: Figure 15. Results for ambiguous pr
Page 63 and 64: As shown in Figure 16B, for the lig
Page 65 and 66: In review these findings, it become
Page 67 and 68: in user interface display layouts.
Page 69 and 70: were asked to make decisions about
Page 71 and 72: columns of pushbuttons on either si
Page 73: principles that are depicted more g
Page 77 and 78: influence what ‘goes together’
Page 79 and 80: participants, randomly with replace
Page 81 and 82: Figure 23. Targets used in reported
Page 83 and 84: participants that were more than th
Page 85 and 86: that was presented in the pilot exp
Page 87 and 88: from three participants because one
Page 89 and 90: see, each of the four distributions
Page 91 and 92: The distribution of data from each
Page 93 and 94: Figure 28. Targets for Experiment 2
Page 95 and 96: Results and discussion Sixteen fema
Page 97 and 98: global grouping was significantly f
Page 99 and 100: Figure 32A depicts a box plot for g
Page 101 and 102: means, the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Te
Page 103 and 104: to group by the alternative scale.
Page 105 and 106: Table 4. Characteristics of RT dist
Page 107 and 108: General Discussion Research that ha
Page 109 and 110: Experiments 2A and 2B were designed
Page 111 and 112: the size scale within an existing i
Page 113 and 114: “Hotmail” has been reported to
Page 115 and 116: They are interesting within the con
Page 117 and 118: forms of similarity could also be t
Page 119 and 120: the context of vision science resea
Page 121 and 122: Bennett, K. B., Nagy, A. L., and Fl
Page 123 and 124: De Valois, R. L. & De Valois, K. K.
Page 125 and 126:
Johnston, W.A., Schwarting, I.S. &
Page 127 and 128:
Nass, C., Isbister, K., & Lee, E.J.
Page 129 and 130:
Palmer, S. E. & Rock, I. (1994). Re
Page 131 and 132:
Sanocki, T.(2001). Interaction of s
Page 133 and 134:
Tullis, T. S. (1981). An evaluation
Page 135:
About the Author Melissa F. Schulz
show all

The Use of Iambic Pentameter in the

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?