The Use of Iambic Pentameter in the

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human interactions with these types of displays could be enhanced by an understanding of human perception of global and local Gestalt groupings. Finally, it is important to note that the reported experiments have served to detail the effect of one task factor, processing time, on global and local perceptual grouping. However, there may very well be influences of other task factors, like attention and distractions. These task factors should also be carefully considered within the context of user interface displays. Overall summary Across a series of experiments, the nature of global and local perceptual grouping was examined within the context of user interface displays. Three pilot studies revealed that global grouping was more salient in short stimulus durations when compared to longer stimulus durations. The reported dissertation experiments showed that global grouping was more salient overall and more usable for speeded tasks. The reported results contribute to our understanding of how to better design user interface displays. The application these findings to user interface design may enhance our ability to perceive and comprehend information presented on computerized displays. This application may improve our accuracy in working with computerized systems, therefore increasing the speed in which we perform computer related tasks. Further, the application these results may increase productivity in many types of work environments that rely on computers and ease interactions with computerized devices used for personal activities, such as cell phones and PDAs. The reported results also are important within 110
the context of vision science research. They further our understanding of global and local scene processing by allowing us to consider this processing type of processing with respect to grouping. Perceptual grouping may be malleable and moderated by a host of task factors. It is important to carefully study the effect of the many task factors that moderate perceptual grouping. The discoveries that we make in this new research domain will likely enhance how humans perceive and interact with information in computerized and real world environments. 111
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Time Course of Perceptual Grouping
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Experiment 1 76 Method 76 Results a
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List of Figures Figure 1. Illustrat
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will look like and how it will comm
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visibility of important interface e
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displays are reported. Global and l
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Electrical activity generated by th
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would not be. It would be easier to
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could be grouped by the principles
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Figure 4. Gestalt principles of gro
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One of the leaders in grouping and
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defined by similar numbers. For exa
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and Saasrinen (2000) observed that
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proximity (Bailey, 1989; Bonney & W
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find the target ‘Picture’ in th
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Humans integrate many types of info
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measures. As a result, the pilot wo
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Figure 10. Pop-up advertisement wit
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soldiers see in these speeded condi
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2001), grouping by proximity and al
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local letters, as illustrated by Fi
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frequency channels at specific rang
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Recent support for the Flexible Usa
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occluded shape as being incomplete
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search for the target in the experi
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Gestalt principle of good continuat
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columns of circles on the opposing
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short stimulus durations can be use
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Figure 15. Results for ambiguous pr
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As shown in Figure 16B, for the lig
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In review these findings, it become
Page 67 and 68: in user interface display layouts.
Page 69 and 70: were asked to make decisions about
Page 71 and 72: columns of pushbuttons on either si
Page 73 and 74: principles that are depicted more g
Page 75 and 76: no longer perceived. These cases wi
Page 77 and 78: influence what ‘goes together’
Page 79 and 80: participants, randomly with replace
Page 81 and 82: Figure 23. Targets used in reported
Page 83 and 84: participants that were more than th
Page 85 and 86: that was presented in the pilot exp
Page 87 and 88: from three participants because one
Page 89 and 90: see, each of the four distributions
Page 91 and 92: The distribution of data from each
Page 93 and 94: Figure 28. Targets for Experiment 2
Page 95 and 96: Results and discussion Sixteen fema
Page 97 and 98: global grouping was significantly f
Page 99 and 100: Figure 32A depicts a box plot for g
Page 101 and 102: means, the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Te
Page 103 and 104: to group by the alternative scale.
Page 105 and 106: Table 4. Characteristics of RT dist
Page 107 and 108: General Discussion Research that ha
Page 109 and 110: Experiments 2A and 2B were designed
Page 111 and 112: the size scale within an existing i
Page 113 and 114: “Hotmail” has been reported to
Page 115 and 116: They are interesting within the con
Page 117: forms of similarity could also be t
Page 121 and 122: Bennett, K. B., Nagy, A. L., and Fl
Page 123 and 124: De Valois, R. L. & De Valois, K. K.
Page 125 and 126: Johnston, W.A., Schwarting, I.S. &
Page 127 and 128: Nass, C., Isbister, K., & Lee, E.J.
Page 129 and 130: Palmer, S. E. & Rock, I. (1994). Re
Page 131 and 132: Sanocki, T.(2001). Interaction of s
Page 133 and 134: Tullis, T. S. (1981). An evaluation
Page 135: About the Author Melissa F. Schulz
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