Open and Distance Learning for Sustainable Development

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training. Egerton University and other universities keen on training teachers using this model will do well to seriously consider these challenges as they plan for the future. In designing the curriculum for the primary school teacher serious efforts should be made in incorporating the knowledge, skills and experiences of the trainee teacher. In addition, the training will greatly benefit from use of valuable learning materials available on the internet. Universities should therefore work closely with relevant government ministries and private sector organisations to make available affordable and reliable internet services to the trainee teachers. References Anamuah-Mensah and Erinosho (2002). “Teacher Education Beyond University Four Walls” Avalos, B. (1991). Approaches to Teacher Education: Initial Teacher Training. London Commonwealth Secretariat. Dadla N. and B. Moon (2002). “Challenging the assumptions about teacher education and training in sub-Saharan Africa: a new role for open learning and ICT.” London: The Open University, Faculty of Education and Language Studies. EFA (2006) Education for All: Literacy for All. Filip, B. (2000). “Distance education in Africa: New Technologies and new opportunities”. Japan International Co-operation Agency. USA Office. Republic of Kenya (2004). Draft Sessional Paper on Education and Training. Nairobi: Government Printer. Republic of Kenya (2005). Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2005 on A policy Framework for Education, Training and Research. Nairobi: Government Printer. Teferra, D and T. Skauge (nd). Teacher Education in Africa: An International Reference Handbook Ritcher, B.W., Van der Walt, J.L. & Visser, A. (2004). Teacher Education in and for, a new Africa. UNICEF (2000). The progress of nations. UNESCO (2000). Teacher Education Guidelines: Using Open and Distance Learning. 227
228 AN APPRAISAL OF ODL MODEL FOR PREPARING SCIENCE AND LANGUAGE TEACHERS IN NIGERIA. Abstract K A Adegoke Distance Learning Institute University of Lagos ajibadeadegoke@yahoo.com . Anthonia Maduekwe Department of Arts & Social Sciences Education Faculty of Education University of Lagos tmadux@yahoo.com Gladys Esiobu Department of Science and Technology Education Faculty of Education University of Lagos gladysesiobu@yahoo.com Open and Distance Learning (ODL) Programme is a very important growth point in teacher education in terms of access, flexibility, lifelong learning, strong support service, learner-centered methods, quality assurance and appropriate use of variety of media. This research attempts to appraise the Open and Distance Learning models for preparing science and language teachers in institutions of higher education in Nigeria vis-à-vis the National University Commission’s minimum standards. Using a qualitative and quantitative approach in data sourcing, sixty facilitators and thirty students from three universities defined as Univ-A, Univ-B, and Univ-C were purposely selected for the study. Data analysis involved simple percentages and frequencies. Findings revealed discrepancies in all areas of implementation in science and language teacher preparation in ODL. Though Univ-A has made some modest achievement in the areas of research awareness, increased student population and well accredited programme, Univ-B is sustained with some application of media technologies and manageable student size while Univ-C is striving to exist amidst partial accreditation. The need for a largely technology-driven and integrated ODL science and language teacher preparation programme is called into play. More importantly, the study recommended that dual mode higher institutions in Nigeria need to be repositioned, re-energised and re-sustained to face the challenges of best practices in ODL teaching and learning in the 21 st century. Keywords: Open and distance learning, Teacher preparation, Implementation, Re-positioned, Life long learning skills, Technology-driven.
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2 nd Lagos, Nigeria A C D E C o n f
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Prof. Babatunde Ipaye (Chair, Plann
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Page Foreword i Contents ii - xi CO
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Increasing Teacher Quantity and Qua
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Role of Open / Distance Learning in
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Facilitating the Learning of Wildli
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Ibadan Open Digital Village (IODIV)
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THINKING OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING
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inaugurating at the time from exter
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country would be changed for good a
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Introduction 7 ELEARNING ON THE FAR
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There is a major omission in that d
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There are now close to a hundred of
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2008. We have already done face to
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affordable by students, parents, go
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their communities with no vocationa
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operating grants. A similarly sized
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• Innovation: In North America un
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mercantile investment tools exploit
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THE CHALLENGE OF THE MILLENNIUM DEV
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Quite clearly ODL practices have a
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Distance learning methods can be us
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We should not forget the strength o
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Introduction It is indeed a great p
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estructuring efforts will be geared
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37 Table 4: Internet Penetration in
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Given that ODL is a relatively new
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globalised and competitive world, h
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43 • The sharing of experiences t
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References Arbo, P., & Benneworth,
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Well functioning teacher education
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49 • The possibility of achieving
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51 • Education or professional st
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getting teacher-students to engage
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Thus, if the intention is to prepar
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over 3 three years Trained 1,200 Te
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Purpose-driven programme design inf
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We would argue the need for site-ba
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63 • How will we know whether we
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Robinson, B. & Latchem, C. Eds. (20
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pattern emerging, they need to anal
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Language and National Development N
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These programmes exist in many univ
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Survey Research; Introspection and
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The point made here is that univers
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77 access to French, the language o
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vehicular cross border languages or
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References Bamgbose, A. (1991). Lan
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83 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FROM INT
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85 • Romania - National Centre fo
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87 Consumption and Production Patte
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the structure to coordinate nationa
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conservation in protected areas and
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mind the colonial and historical le
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involved in the evaluation of cours
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staff and students to information a
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otherwise open and distance learnin
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We agree with Okolie (2003) that th
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means of education to become member
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REFERENCES Adekanmbi, G. (2000). A
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Gravett, S. (2004). Teaching and le
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109 SUB THEME I OPEN & DISTANCE LEA
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Definition of Social Emotional Lear
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1988). The learners in developmenta
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Table 1 Proportional Sampling of Pr
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Confidence 752 4.11 0.91 Independen
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References Association for Childhoo
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QUALITY ASSURANCE IN OPEN AND DISTA
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Concept of Quality Assurance Qualit
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The vision of the National Open Uni
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(e) To provide forum where individu
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AN APPRAISAL OF THE IMPLEMENTATION
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e mo v e d in s p a c e a n d /o r
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T h e o r e t ica l Framework T h e
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h a v e th e larg e s t n u mb e r
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T a b l e 2 : C o mparison o f A d
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I t e m S /N f r o m r e s u l ts i
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141 p o p u l a t io n a d e q u a
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I t e m S /N S p e c if ic a lly, r
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D iscussio n F i v e r e s e a r c
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R e f e r e n c e s A ya d i, Fe l
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traders, unqualified medical worker
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Table 1: Mean, Standard Deviation a
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From table 2 above, it is observed
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ape, drug abuse and in unhealthy se
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Introduction Education has become o
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The Early Childhood Education progr
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In a bid to deliver quality educati
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(a) Self-assessment: These are assi
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OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL) AN
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Most of the ODL programmes at the U
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Director but the basic admission le
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THE USE OF AN ONLINE LEARNING SYSTE
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online education, also called dista
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Program Knowledge Performance Learn
Page 191 and 192: DEED618: College Teaching (CRN# 301
Page 193 and 194: Dreamweaver, etc. Providing additio
Page 195 and 196: Table 2 - Ten Largest Distance-lear
Page 197 and 198: USA Today, April 33, 2008: 6D. Wrig
Page 199 and 200: systems such as water, and land and
Page 201 and 202: Teachers face a widening range of d
Page 203 and 204: 189 ii. gender: It is difficult to
Page 205 and 206: 191 Robinson, B. and Colin, L. (200
Page 207 and 208: University of United Kingdom (OUUK)
Page 209 and 210: to lack of potential for sustainabi
Page 211 and 212: elements are: leadership, governmen
Page 213 and 214: Education for Sustainability Sustai
Page 215 and 216: The National Teachers’ Institute,
Page 217 and 218: - The Federal Government directive
Page 219 and 220: References: Adeagbo, Sen (2004). Co
Page 221 and 222: Introduction Distance learning is a
Page 223 and 224: This undeniable huge number of illi
Page 225 and 226: 210 At the level of M.A Urdu in th
Page 227 and 228: Siddique, H.M. (2004). Distance Lea
Page 229 and 230: Annexure-3:Table 3 Gender Wise, Lev
Page 231 and 232: Annexure -8:Table 8 Gender Wise, Le
Page 233 and 234: 9 Education Teacher Pakistan educat
Page 235 and 236: INCREASING TEACHER QUANTITY AND QUA
Page 237 and 238: teacher ratios very high (for insta
Page 239 and 240: Teacher Education in Kenya and Expe
Page 241: Postgraduate Diploma in Education (
Page 245 and 246: I n d i s c u s s in g th e po t e
Page 247 and 248: P u r p o s e of th e s t u d y T h
Page 249 and 250: D a t a a n a l y s i s B o th q u
Page 251 and 252: I t e m S / N T a b l e 3 C o m p a
Page 253 and 254: T a b l e 5 R a t i n g o f a d e q
Page 255 and 256: l e c t u r e s r e gu l a r l y an
Page 257 and 258: Figure 1 Summary of panel’s repor
Page 259 and 260: 244 a d e q u a t e f e e d b a c k
Page 261 and 262: G a b r ie l , A . ( 20 0 0 ) . E -
Page 263 and 264: Introduction In the recent past, th
Page 265 and 266: compromise the time and attention t
Page 267 and 268: The students reported that they had
Page 269 and 270: TRAINING OF DEVELOPERS OF DISTANCE
Page 271 and 272: putting in place the SOLACE. Indeed
Page 273 and 274: Although according to data in the r
Page 275 and 276: clear policy which addresses a vari
Page 277 and 278: Republic of Kenya. (1998). Master P
Page 279 and 280: system, namely making learning flex
Page 281 and 282: Type 1 Literacy development interve
Page 283 and 284: 268 the Adult Literacy Classroom. A
Page 285 and 286: AGRICULTURE AND THE MILLENNIUM DEVE
Page 287 and 288: Developing a global partnership for
Page 289 and 290: farmer in the Hambantota region saw
Page 291 and 292: 276 RECONSTRUCTING MASCULINITY AND
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power. Power then becomes a weapon
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annunciated by the superpowers. P.
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24. I refer to potentially inhibito
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means that the propositions employe
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Dignity: Human dignity, pursuit of
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sound philosophical foundation to i
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290 INNOVATIVE METHOD OF HIV/AIDS E
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To be certain, the treatment situat
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The course: Management and Care of
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Aderinoye, R. and Ojokheta, K. (200
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This paper explores how the curricu
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300 indirectly by serving as guides
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302 iv. Rehabilitation and empowerm
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FROM EMPOWERMENT TO TRANSFORMATION:
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conception of power according to Pa
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in education. Plagiarising the work
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In Osiki (2007b), it was opined tha
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and caprices of any “military gen
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Osiki, J.O. (2007 b). Empowering Di
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INCORPORATING RELATIONSHIP MARKETIN
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strategic planning, work process, t
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Position Held Frequency Percent Cle
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Most of the customer care given to
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Bbuye, J. (2005) “Distance Educat
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INCREASING NUMBER OF OLDER PERSONS
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of ageing (Omotayo, 2006: 105-107).
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Second Semester 017Theory of Ageing
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OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING: SUCCESS
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opportunities. This is in keeping w
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External problems Energy related pr
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References Adebayo, A. M. (2007a).
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Conceptual issues Open and Ffexible
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Table 1. Applications and admission
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from the epidemic to share their ex
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Jegede, O.J. (2003). Taking the dis
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The foreign learning and teaching s
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The song accompaniment for GST 101
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McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding t
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Introduction Open and Distance Lear
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It includes all the activities aime
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358 contact, less formal methods ar
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360 Training Objective Even though
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1. Technical competency 362 Technic
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2. Training logistics 364 The curri
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Rao, M.K. (1999). A Critical Analys
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vulgarisation agricole et d’ensei
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Open Learning system has emerged as
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For the physically challenged child
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Introduction/historical background
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Academic Manpower in NOUN The Natio
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THE ROLE OF NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSIT
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New venture creation and developmen
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Education is the most important ins
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Mode of Course Delivery Full time a
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Significantly, standards and benchm
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Osei, B., Baah-Nuakoh, A., Tutu, K.
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Introduction The success of every n
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S/N 1 Significance Generally, the m
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and infant mortality. 17 ODL method
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needed information. Assessment acco
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Abstract 398 ROLE OF OPEN AND DISTA
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Studies show that, it is as effecti
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The programme was introduced to tak
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This method allows learners to plan
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demand for providing quality teache
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Convenience with Family and other S
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(49.0%) agreed and 153 (51.0%) disa
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Hypothesis 2 Occupational status of
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Recommendations Open and distance l
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National Teachers’ Institute. (20
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418 Can human beings live long? Can
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17 - 19). Hence, the number of wome
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Ohaegbulem, M. O. (2007). Awareness
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Introduction The population growth
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However, the ubiquity of ICTs today
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428 • Religion Various religious
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Conclusion 430 o Promoting synergis
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Abstract 432 WOMEN EMPOWERMENT AND
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Data collection We conducted in-dep
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ecause she spent most of the time a
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financially well off and he preferr
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References Chaudry, P. (1995) Women
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University of Nigeria en vue de met
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36 Zamfara 1,630,344 1,629,502 3,25
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446 Total Population of Female in N
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Table1.3 Total number of admitted s
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ODL if the government can put in pl
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452 SUB THEME III CAPACITY BUILDING
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Course Structure of DPE Programme T
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Regarding counselling sessions not
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BLOGGING AT UNIVERSITY AS A CASE ST
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in the past 12 months (i.e., up to
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The purpose of the blog should be m
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Tables 3 and 4 show samples of blog
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Staff are presumably well grounded
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Appendix I - Modelling for a pedago
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that bear on its ability to satisfy
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quality control and accrediting age
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Further, the characteristics of sof
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Duncan, W. J. (1978). Organizationa
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The Policy of the National Open Uni
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those measures is arguable 6 . But
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Much of the official attitude (legi
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fit to live a law abiding life upon
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educational or vocational training
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OPEN DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL) AS STR
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imprisoned along with convicted cri
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References Heather Menzies Venettee
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Mots clés: développement de resou
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Results and Findings The National O
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The respondents thus identified tha
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systematic programme of continuous
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Introduction Training as related to
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There is therefore the need to prep
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• the time lag between learning s
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508 SUB THEME IV Quality Assurance
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Project Goal The goal of the projec
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512 students who cannot afford coll
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514 Table 2 Notional Budget Item Am
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Introduction Course materials are v
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content and construct validity; and
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Table 4 Percentage of learners’ r
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Discussion Research Question 1 Are
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Findings The following were the fin
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CHALLENGES OF QUALITY ASSURANCE IN
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materials (printed texts, video, au
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Introduction In order to create an
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COUNSELLING AS A COMMUNICATION STRA
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In Open and Distance Education, the
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As earlier mentioned, effort is bei
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Conclusion In this paper, the write
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Introduction Open and distance educ
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542 5. There is openness with regar
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etrieval and dissemination of infor
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546 teaching. It is a well designed
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References Akpan. C.P. & Esirah, E.
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FACILITATING THE LEARNING OF WILDLI
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‘graduate attributes’. However
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The subject is broken into three mo
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Assessment of Forum Participation T
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An additional tool is that of chat
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Gilmer, P. (1999). Developing a dis
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Introduction 562 PERSONNEL MANAGEME
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564 • The Managers co-ordinate th
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566 • They produce comprehensive,
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568 (i) Administrators: Administrat
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570 (v) Universities in Canada and
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References 572 (iv) Finally, it is
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professional development, the need
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576 o Portfolios: collection of lea
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we need is to train our people on t
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Introduction Distance Education is
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Methodology The research design was
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disagreed. Those who disagreed said
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There is no system of tracking and
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Venkaiah, V. (1995). Quality Assura
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calculated before the completion of
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commitment to completion; previous
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5. Did you withdraw because of prob
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596 • All staff of the university
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Introduction 598 STRENGTHENING AFRI
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Human resources development A key e
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Project co-ordination meetings Proj
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Open and Distance education as prac
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606 2 The unique position of the st
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OPEN AND DISTANCE EDUCATION: A STRA
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Using Nigeria as an example to show
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Definition of Terms Open Learning:
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(Juma, 2003). Examples of these are
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Financing Education worldwide is fu
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THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL OPEN UNIVE
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NOUN’s Vision and Mission Specifi
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Academic support services 622 Acade
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With enhanced quality education, th
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626 SUB THEME V COLLABORATION AND P
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Technologies de l’Information et
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Collaboration The importance attach
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- Self Assessment Exercises (SAEs)
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BEYOND BRICKS, MORTAR AND UNIVERSIT
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inability for many students to comp
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The small post-secondary sector is
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Gaining entry to a university often
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642 • Intranet or Local area netw
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Aigbokhan, B; Imahe, O.J. & Ailemen
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Abstract 646 ENHANCE COHESIVE STREN
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school running is fully displayed i
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week to receive individual tutorial
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International research is a process
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The technical assistance activity w
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different research fields, help pro
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seulement à l’aide de CD ROMs, m
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Abstract OPPORTUNITIES FOR KNOWLEDG
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offered only in public universities
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20. Teofilo Kisanji University (TEK
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References Chabaan, M.A. (1996). En
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training, certificate education and
Page 685 and 686:
Conclusion In the course of providi
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672 EDUCATION, ICT AND THE USE OF M
Page 689 and 690:
In 1998 researchers at the Massachu
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• Confidence could be built among
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Introduction Elearning has the pote
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Internet Usage Statistics: 450,000
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The implementation of the e-learnin
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Communication technologies used in
Page 701 and 702:
Acknowledgement I am grateful to my
Page 703 and 704:
The pillars are; education, governa
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The project started up in Ghana and
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INSTRUCTIONAL SCAFFOLDING: AN EXPER
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Reminder messages were sent 3 days
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elsewhere, designing text messages
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INTERNET VIRTUAL CLASSROOMS IN DEVE
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The challenges of IVC deployment in
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702 M-LEARNING: AN EMERGING TREND I
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Short Message service (S.M.S) - ava
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With the system problems as: - Qual
Page 723 and 724:
THE CONCEPT OF “LEARNING- FIELDS
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Above all, such learning has to imp
Page 727 and 728:
As mentioned earlier above, the tea
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Considering the contents of learnin
Page 731 and 732:
Figure 3 An exemplary learning fiel
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when the situation calls for them.
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Abstract 720 TECHNOLOGICAL AND PEDA
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een produced that can effectively r
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Determining levels of granularity W
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Once each core element of the class
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Figure 8 - Design Challenge: Ensuri
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TEACHING TECHNICAL COURSES THROUGH
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Academic Sessions (A) It is worthy
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This percentage of the left-over is
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E-education, in the personalised we
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According to (Michael 2002, 1993-20
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740 teaching. (Eric Document Reprod
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Introduction The concept of videoco
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evaluation program at higher instit
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est of an organisation. Precisely,
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748 Design & Develop Content Articu
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Students’ Projects Supervision (S
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knowledge of both tacit and explici
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Introduction Education Policy in an
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Therefore, in consonance with the N
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758 • Policy Ideas and Thoughts (
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eveal that a wide gap exist in this
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BARRIERS TO THE USE OF INFORMATION
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Literature Review John Daniel (2006
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Methodology The subjects for the re
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In table 6, respondents identify th
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73.1% (63.3% and 9.8%) for cost of
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772 Anniversary Conference, 23 Augu
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774
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Open and Distance Learning for Sustainable Development

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