Open and Distance Learning for Sustainable Development

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3. Strengthening collaboration with other institutions and organisations A prominent feature that China’s radio and TV universities have developed from their operations in school running in the past three decades is the extensive participation of many institutions and organisations from the whole society. Seizing the opportunity to align themselves with institutions of higher learning, industries and businesses to make collaborative school run, China’s radio and TV universities use the labs and facilities of other institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutes and industrial enterprises to bring into play all social resources to promote the development of the education course of radio and TV universities, which, as a result, have strengthened China’s radio and TV universities’ flexibility in meeting the needs of the society Furthermore, the collaboration has also enhanced the development of a large number of application-oriented talents needed in economic construction and has helped the universities to set more accurate objectives. 4. Providing the public with learning support service platforms Using education resources from China’s radio and TV universities, the Central Radio and TV University has also established distance education public service system that provides institutions of higher learning and other educational agencies with learning support services while they carry out distance educational programmes. For this purpose, the Central Radio and TV University have set up a special agency which aims at providing public services for many other distance education universities and institutions in China. The obligations of this public service system include: establishing service platforms that can be shared by the society, assisting educational agencies in providing various kinds of support services for distance learners, satisfying the learners’ needs to complete their studies, and at the same time helping educational agencies to successfully carry out their administrative and conventional teaching management work which is outside teaching itself, setting the stage for sharing the resources individually owned by educational agencies and recognising each other’s credits. 5. Developing overseas collaboration Alongside China’s reform and opening up to the outside world and advances in economic construction, more and more people feel that they need to know more about China and, for this reason, they are interested in learning the Chinese language. Many countries in Europe and North America also take the Chinese language as one of the foreign language courses offered in their primary and secondary schools. However, the challenge of inadequate teaching staff and teaching resources that are needed to meet such demands still confront these schools and educational institutions abroad. Moreover, the fact that usually students taking this course are comparatively few makes it a difficult job to begin classes. Distance education can just serve to solve these thorny problems effectively on shortage of teaching staff and decentralisation of students and make it possible for all to share top quality teaching resources. Central Radio and TV University has done two things in developing collaboration with countries outside China. The began teaching Chinese on TV using US’ SCOLA satellite TV channel, providing American university and secondary school students with TV classes that reflect the life of contemporary Chinese people. Secondly, they opened the Confucius Institute Online, in collaboration with the State University of Michigan, USA, the first one to be established throughout the world. The Central Radio and TV University is responsible for the construction of online teaching resources and American students learn Chinese online and are given a certain amount of time per 649
week to receive individual tutorial online. At present, tutorials give person-to-person guidance in the U.S. to students through the internet. And students are now being recruited from China’s universities to act as volunteer tutors based in China and give guidance to American students learning Chinese. This is also a reflection of the advantage of the internet. In the past few years the Central Radio and TV University has attached greater importance to developing collaboration and exchanges with countries outside China. Through exchanging information and establishing links with distance education agencies from all the countries in the world, we have gained a wider vision and a greater ability. Actually, the Central Radio and TV University started to develop wide-ranging exchanges and collaboration with distance education agencies in Africa. We translated our audio and video teaching material “Practical Technology on Agriculture” into English and French and gave them to some African countries. We also sent inspection teams to South Africa and Egypt to learn about the development of distance education in Africa. China and African countries have many things in common. They are developing countries, vast in territory, decentralised in population and underdeveloped in education. Therefore, many of the problems that crop up from these countries are identical. We are ready to exchange ideas and conduct further studies on distance education with our African friends. We also hope our African friends will come to China, have a closer look at China’s radio and TV universities and conduct studies. Let us act in concert and make our contributions for harmonious progress of our societies and also by helping more people gain access to good education. References Chen Zhili, “Develop Modern Distance Education, Build a Human Resources Power”. China Education Daily, Feb. 1, 2008. Central Radio and TV University, A Self-evaluation Report on the Summary Evaluation of Central Radio and TV University’s Reform on Talents Cultivation Models and Open Education Pilot. Apr. 2007. Liu Xingshi, China National Geographic. Hope Press, 2007. Yan Bing, “Construction of Public Service System and Guarantee of Distance Education Quality”. Central Radio and TV University Weekly News, Oct. 29, 2007. 650
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2 nd Lagos, Nigeria A C D E C o n f
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Prof. Babatunde Ipaye (Chair, Plann
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Page Foreword i Contents ii - xi CO
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Increasing Teacher Quantity and Qua
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Role of Open / Distance Learning in
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Facilitating the Learning of Wildli
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Ibadan Open Digital Village (IODIV)
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THINKING OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING
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inaugurating at the time from exter
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country would be changed for good a
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Introduction 7 ELEARNING ON THE FAR
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There is a major omission in that d
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There are now close to a hundred of
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2008. We have already done face to
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affordable by students, parents, go
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their communities with no vocationa
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operating grants. A similarly sized
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• Innovation: In North America un
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mercantile investment tools exploit
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THE CHALLENGE OF THE MILLENNIUM DEV
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Quite clearly ODL practices have a
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Distance learning methods can be us
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We should not forget the strength o
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Introduction It is indeed a great p
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estructuring efforts will be geared
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37 Table 4: Internet Penetration in
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Given that ODL is a relatively new
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globalised and competitive world, h
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43 • The sharing of experiences t
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References Arbo, P., & Benneworth,
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Well functioning teacher education
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49 • The possibility of achieving
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51 • Education or professional st
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getting teacher-students to engage
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Thus, if the intention is to prepar
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over 3 three years Trained 1,200 Te
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Purpose-driven programme design inf
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We would argue the need for site-ba
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63 • How will we know whether we
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Robinson, B. & Latchem, C. Eds. (20
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pattern emerging, they need to anal
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Language and National Development N
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These programmes exist in many univ
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Survey Research; Introspection and
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The point made here is that univers
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77 access to French, the language o
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vehicular cross border languages or
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References Bamgbose, A. (1991). Lan
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83 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FROM INT
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85 • Romania - National Centre fo
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87 Consumption and Production Patte
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the structure to coordinate nationa
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conservation in protected areas and
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mind the colonial and historical le
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involved in the evaluation of cours
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staff and students to information a
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otherwise open and distance learnin
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We agree with Okolie (2003) that th
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means of education to become member
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REFERENCES Adekanmbi, G. (2000). A
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Gravett, S. (2004). Teaching and le
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109 SUB THEME I OPEN & DISTANCE LEA
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Definition of Social Emotional Lear
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1988). The learners in developmenta
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Table 1 Proportional Sampling of Pr
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Confidence 752 4.11 0.91 Independen
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References Association for Childhoo
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QUALITY ASSURANCE IN OPEN AND DISTA
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Concept of Quality Assurance Qualit
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The vision of the National Open Uni
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(e) To provide forum where individu
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AN APPRAISAL OF THE IMPLEMENTATION
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e mo v e d in s p a c e a n d /o r
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T h e o r e t ica l Framework T h e
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h a v e th e larg e s t n u mb e r
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T a b l e 2 : C o mparison o f A d
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I t e m S /N f r o m r e s u l ts i
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141 p o p u l a t io n a d e q u a
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I t e m S /N S p e c if ic a lly, r
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D iscussio n F i v e r e s e a r c
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R e f e r e n c e s A ya d i, Fe l
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traders, unqualified medical worker
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Table 1: Mean, Standard Deviation a
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From table 2 above, it is observed
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ape, drug abuse and in unhealthy se
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Introduction Education has become o
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The Early Childhood Education progr
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In a bid to deliver quality educati
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(a) Self-assessment: These are assi
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OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL) AN
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Most of the ODL programmes at the U
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Director but the basic admission le
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THE USE OF AN ONLINE LEARNING SYSTE
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online education, also called dista
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Program Knowledge Performance Learn
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DEED618: College Teaching (CRN# 301
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Dreamweaver, etc. Providing additio
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Table 2 - Ten Largest Distance-lear
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USA Today, April 33, 2008: 6D. Wrig
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systems such as water, and land and
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Teachers face a widening range of d
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189 ii. gender: It is difficult to
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191 Robinson, B. and Colin, L. (200
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University of United Kingdom (OUUK)
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to lack of potential for sustainabi
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elements are: leadership, governmen
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Education for Sustainability Sustai
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The National Teachers’ Institute,
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- The Federal Government directive
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References: Adeagbo, Sen (2004). Co
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Introduction Distance learning is a
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This undeniable huge number of illi
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210 At the level of M.A Urdu in th
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Siddique, H.M. (2004). Distance Lea
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Annexure-3:Table 3 Gender Wise, Lev
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Annexure -8:Table 8 Gender Wise, Le
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9 Education Teacher Pakistan educat
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INCREASING TEACHER QUANTITY AND QUA
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teacher ratios very high (for insta
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Teacher Education in Kenya and Expe
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Postgraduate Diploma in Education (
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228 AN APPRAISAL OF ODL MODEL FOR P
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I n d i s c u s s in g th e po t e
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P u r p o s e of th e s t u d y T h
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D a t a a n a l y s i s B o th q u
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I t e m S / N T a b l e 3 C o m p a
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T a b l e 5 R a t i n g o f a d e q
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l e c t u r e s r e gu l a r l y an
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Figure 1 Summary of panel’s repor
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244 a d e q u a t e f e e d b a c k
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G a b r ie l , A . ( 20 0 0 ) . E -
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Introduction In the recent past, th
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compromise the time and attention t
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The students reported that they had
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TRAINING OF DEVELOPERS OF DISTANCE
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putting in place the SOLACE. Indeed
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Although according to data in the r
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clear policy which addresses a vari
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Republic of Kenya. (1998). Master P
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system, namely making learning flex
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Type 1 Literacy development interve
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268 the Adult Literacy Classroom. A
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AGRICULTURE AND THE MILLENNIUM DEVE
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Developing a global partnership for
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farmer in the Hambantota region saw
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276 RECONSTRUCTING MASCULINITY AND
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power. Power then becomes a weapon
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annunciated by the superpowers. P.
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24. I refer to potentially inhibito
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means that the propositions employe
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Dignity: Human dignity, pursuit of
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sound philosophical foundation to i
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290 INNOVATIVE METHOD OF HIV/AIDS E
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To be certain, the treatment situat
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The course: Management and Care of
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Aderinoye, R. and Ojokheta, K. (200
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This paper explores how the curricu
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300 indirectly by serving as guides
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302 iv. Rehabilitation and empowerm
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FROM EMPOWERMENT TO TRANSFORMATION:
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conception of power according to Pa
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in education. Plagiarising the work
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In Osiki (2007b), it was opined tha
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and caprices of any “military gen
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Osiki, J.O. (2007 b). Empowering Di
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INCORPORATING RELATIONSHIP MARKETIN
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strategic planning, work process, t
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Position Held Frequency Percent Cle
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Most of the customer care given to
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Bbuye, J. (2005) “Distance Educat
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INCREASING NUMBER OF OLDER PERSONS
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of ageing (Omotayo, 2006: 105-107).
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Second Semester 017Theory of Ageing
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OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING: SUCCESS
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opportunities. This is in keeping w
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External problems Energy related pr
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References Adebayo, A. M. (2007a).
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Conceptual issues Open and Ffexible
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Table 1. Applications and admission
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from the epidemic to share their ex
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Jegede, O.J. (2003). Taking the dis
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The foreign learning and teaching s
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The song accompaniment for GST 101
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McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding t
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Introduction Open and Distance Lear
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It includes all the activities aime
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358 contact, less formal methods ar
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360 Training Objective Even though
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1. Technical competency 362 Technic
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2. Training logistics 364 The curri
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Rao, M.K. (1999). A Critical Analys
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vulgarisation agricole et d’ensei
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Open Learning system has emerged as
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For the physically challenged child
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Introduction/historical background
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Academic Manpower in NOUN The Natio
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THE ROLE OF NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSIT
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New venture creation and developmen
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Education is the most important ins
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Mode of Course Delivery Full time a
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Significantly, standards and benchm
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Osei, B., Baah-Nuakoh, A., Tutu, K.
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Introduction The success of every n
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S/N 1 Significance Generally, the m
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and infant mortality. 17 ODL method
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needed information. Assessment acco
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Abstract 398 ROLE OF OPEN AND DISTA
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Studies show that, it is as effecti
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The programme was introduced to tak
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This method allows learners to plan
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demand for providing quality teache
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Convenience with Family and other S
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(49.0%) agreed and 153 (51.0%) disa
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Hypothesis 2 Occupational status of
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Recommendations Open and distance l
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National Teachers’ Institute. (20
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418 Can human beings live long? Can
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17 - 19). Hence, the number of wome
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Ohaegbulem, M. O. (2007). Awareness
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Introduction The population growth
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However, the ubiquity of ICTs today
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428 • Religion Various religious
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Conclusion 430 o Promoting synergis
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Abstract 432 WOMEN EMPOWERMENT AND
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Data collection We conducted in-dep
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ecause she spent most of the time a
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financially well off and he preferr
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References Chaudry, P. (1995) Women
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University of Nigeria en vue de met
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36 Zamfara 1,630,344 1,629,502 3,25
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446 Total Population of Female in N
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Table1.3 Total number of admitted s
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ODL if the government can put in pl
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452 SUB THEME III CAPACITY BUILDING
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Course Structure of DPE Programme T
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Regarding counselling sessions not
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BLOGGING AT UNIVERSITY AS A CASE ST
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in the past 12 months (i.e., up to
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The purpose of the blog should be m
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Tables 3 and 4 show samples of blog
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Staff are presumably well grounded
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Appendix I - Modelling for a pedago
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that bear on its ability to satisfy
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quality control and accrediting age
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Further, the characteristics of sof
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Duncan, W. J. (1978). Organizationa
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The Policy of the National Open Uni
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those measures is arguable 6 . But
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Much of the official attitude (legi
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fit to live a law abiding life upon
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educational or vocational training
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OPEN DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL) AS STR
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imprisoned along with convicted cri
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References Heather Menzies Venettee
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Mots clés: développement de resou
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Results and Findings The National O
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The respondents thus identified tha
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systematic programme of continuous
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Introduction Training as related to
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There is therefore the need to prep
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• the time lag between learning s
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508 SUB THEME IV Quality Assurance
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Project Goal The goal of the projec
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512 students who cannot afford coll
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514 Table 2 Notional Budget Item Am
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Introduction Course materials are v
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content and construct validity; and
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Table 4 Percentage of learners’ r
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Discussion Research Question 1 Are
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Findings The following were the fin
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CHALLENGES OF QUALITY ASSURANCE IN
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materials (printed texts, video, au
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Introduction In order to create an
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COUNSELLING AS A COMMUNICATION STRA
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In Open and Distance Education, the
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As earlier mentioned, effort is bei
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Conclusion In this paper, the write
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Introduction Open and distance educ
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542 5. There is openness with regar
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etrieval and dissemination of infor
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546 teaching. It is a well designed
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References Akpan. C.P. & Esirah, E.
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FACILITATING THE LEARNING OF WILDLI
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‘graduate attributes’. However
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The subject is broken into three mo
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Assessment of Forum Participation T
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An additional tool is that of chat
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Gilmer, P. (1999). Developing a dis
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Introduction 562 PERSONNEL MANAGEME
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564 • The Managers co-ordinate th
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566 • They produce comprehensive,
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568 (i) Administrators: Administrat
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570 (v) Universities in Canada and
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References 572 (iv) Finally, it is
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professional development, the need
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576 o Portfolios: collection of lea
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we need is to train our people on t
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Introduction Distance Education is
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Methodology The research design was
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disagreed. Those who disagreed said
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There is no system of tracking and
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Venkaiah, V. (1995). Quality Assura
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calculated before the completion of
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commitment to completion; previous
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5. Did you withdraw because of prob
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596 • All staff of the university
Page 613 and 614: Introduction 598 STRENGTHENING AFRI
Page 615 and 616: Human resources development A key e
Page 617 and 618: Project co-ordination meetings Proj
Page 619 and 620: Open and Distance education as prac
Page 621 and 622: 606 2 The unique position of the st
Page 623 and 624: OPEN AND DISTANCE EDUCATION: A STRA
Page 625 and 626: Using Nigeria as an example to show
Page 627 and 628: Definition of Terms Open Learning:
Page 629 and 630: (Juma, 2003). Examples of these are
Page 631 and 632: Financing Education worldwide is fu
Page 633 and 634: THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL OPEN UNIVE
Page 635 and 636: NOUN’s Vision and Mission Specifi
Page 637 and 638: Academic support services 622 Acade
Page 639 and 640: With enhanced quality education, th
Page 641 and 642: 626 SUB THEME V COLLABORATION AND P
Page 643 and 644: Technologies de l’Information et
Page 645 and 646: Collaboration The importance attach
Page 647 and 648: - Self Assessment Exercises (SAEs)
Page 649 and 650: BEYOND BRICKS, MORTAR AND UNIVERSIT
Page 651 and 652: inability for many students to comp
Page 653 and 654: The small post-secondary sector is
Page 655 and 656: Gaining entry to a university often
Page 657 and 658: 642 • Intranet or Local area netw
Page 659 and 660: Aigbokhan, B; Imahe, O.J. & Ailemen
Page 661 and 662: Abstract 646 ENHANCE COHESIVE STREN
Page 663: school running is fully displayed i
Page 667 and 668: International research is a process
Page 669 and 670: The technical assistance activity w
Page 671 and 672: different research fields, help pro
Page 673 and 674: seulement à l’aide de CD ROMs, m
Page 675 and 676: Abstract OPPORTUNITIES FOR KNOWLEDG
Page 677 and 678: offered only in public universities
Page 679 and 680: 20. Teofilo Kisanji University (TEK
Page 681 and 682: References Chabaan, M.A. (1996). En
Page 683 and 684: training, certificate education and
Page 685 and 686: Conclusion In the course of providi
Page 687 and 688: 672 EDUCATION, ICT AND THE USE OF M
Page 689 and 690: In 1998 researchers at the Massachu
Page 691 and 692: • Confidence could be built among
Page 693 and 694: Introduction Elearning has the pote
Page 695 and 696: Internet Usage Statistics: 450,000
Page 697 and 698: The implementation of the e-learnin
Page 699 and 700: Communication technologies used in
Page 701 and 702: Acknowledgement I am grateful to my
Page 703 and 704: The pillars are; education, governa
Page 705 and 706: The project started up in Ghana and
Page 707 and 708: INSTRUCTIONAL SCAFFOLDING: AN EXPER
Page 709 and 710: Reminder messages were sent 3 days
Page 711 and 712: elsewhere, designing text messages
Page 713 and 714: INTERNET VIRTUAL CLASSROOMS IN DEVE
Page 715 and 716:
The challenges of IVC deployment in
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702 M-LEARNING: AN EMERGING TREND I
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Short Message service (S.M.S) - ava
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With the system problems as: - Qual
Page 723 and 724:
THE CONCEPT OF “LEARNING- FIELDS
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Above all, such learning has to imp
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As mentioned earlier above, the tea
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Considering the contents of learnin
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Figure 3 An exemplary learning fiel
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when the situation calls for them.
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Abstract 720 TECHNOLOGICAL AND PEDA
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een produced that can effectively r
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Determining levels of granularity W
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Once each core element of the class
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Figure 8 - Design Challenge: Ensuri
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TEACHING TECHNICAL COURSES THROUGH
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Academic Sessions (A) It is worthy
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This percentage of the left-over is
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E-education, in the personalised we
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According to (Michael 2002, 1993-20
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740 teaching. (Eric Document Reprod
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Introduction The concept of videoco
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evaluation program at higher instit
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est of an organisation. Precisely,
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748 Design & Develop Content Articu
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Students’ Projects Supervision (S
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knowledge of both tacit and explici
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Introduction Education Policy in an
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Therefore, in consonance with the N
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758 • Policy Ideas and Thoughts (
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eveal that a wide gap exist in this
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BARRIERS TO THE USE OF INFORMATION
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Literature Review John Daniel (2006
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Methodology The subjects for the re
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In table 6, respondents identify th
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73.1% (63.3% and 9.8%) for cost of
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772 Anniversary Conference, 23 Augu
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774
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Open and Distance Learning for Sustainable Development

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