Open and Distance Learning for Sustainable Development

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337 The government should subsidise ODL programmes and improve the electricity supply to the nation. Nigeria as a nation could emulate Brazil’s A–Plus television series that gives teachers regular access to examples of classroom teaching together with the voices of teachers talking about their experience and concerns. These extension activities aim to assist or help teachers extend teaching practices in ways that include community involvement, participation and development. Other countries worthy of emulation are Egypt’s national network distance training which uses interactive TV technology (ICT medium) and South Africa’s reorientation of teachers for curriculum reform and change, titled ‘English in Action’, an interactive radio programme by a Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO). Nigerians should adopt this for better education reform up to the tertiary level. Management should admit students in line with the available resources on the ground. The criteria for the admission of students should be in line with conventional institutions. The idea of ODL programmes being an avenue to generate revenue or improve IGR should be changed to the production of strong manpower for national development. The use of computers for computing results will reduce the problem of delayed results. Course materials can be delivered through radio and television broadcast, videotape, interactive telephone, satellite, cable or Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) Lines. Many would-be distance learners in Nigeria have access to radio, television, and videotape; this makes these media good potential delivery systems for open and distance learning. With the combination of communication and technology tools, the delivery of distance learning may be effective. This can be ensured through the integrated involvement of all stakeholders and effective planning to ensure successful implementation of distance learning programmes in Nigeria. No national educational system can rise above its teachers’ quality; hence teachers of ODL should be well trained to improve their effectiveness and efficiency in the teaching learning process. Students should be more focused, adopt a good maintenance culture for the available facilities, develop good study habits and avoid ‘sorting’. Programmes that combine conventional and distance methods are strongly recommended for Nigeria because of its dual role of face to face and print learning. This could remove the society’s idea that the ODL students are undeveloped professionals. ODL should not be seen as a cost–saving educational measure, which can be implemented without serious planning and good implementation but rather it should be seen as an educational innovation that requires greater attention to planning and guided implementation for the development of manpower. The enthusiasm shown by government and steps taken so far can only be sustained with the involvement of all stakeholders (government, business groups, community leaders, teachers, students, conventional institutions, UNESCO, and grassroots citizens).
References Adebayo, A. M. (2007a). Open and Distance Learning in South/West geopolitical zone, Nigeria A B.Sc Project Submitted to Faculty of Science, University of Ado – Ekiti, AdoEkiti, Ekiti State. Adebayo, F. A. (2006b). Academic Staff Perception of Quality Assurance in Nigerian Universities A paper presented at Nigerian Association for Educational Administration and Planning. (NAEAP) Enugu, Nigeria. Akinpelu, J. A. (1982). A case study of Distance Education. Project in Adult Education in Nigeria. Vol. 7(1), 5153. Borisade, F. T. (2007). Evaluation of Sandwich Degree Programme of Universities in the South Western Nigeria Unpublished Ph. D. Thesis, University of Ado – Ekiti, Ado – Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Creed, C. (2001). The Use of Distance Education for Teachers. Cambridge; International Research Foundation for open Learning (Report to Department for International Department). Federal Government of Nigeria (2004) National Policy on Education Lagos Government Press. John, Daniel (2005). Open and Distance Learning in Africa. Commonwealth of Learning. Mudasiru, O. Y. (2006). Problems and Prospects of Open and Distance Education in Nigeria. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education – TOJDEISSN 1302 – 6488, 7(1)2. Nwokocha, A. C. (2006). Distance and Open Learning and Quality Assurance in Nigeria. A paper presented at Nigeria Association for Educational Administration and Planning (NAEAP) Conference, Enugu, Nigeria. Obemeata, J. O. (2000). Evaluation of a Distant Learning Programme in Nigeria Education Forum 8(2), 2127 UNESCO (2001) Distance Education in the E – 9 countries. Graphoprint. France. Retrieved 08/03/06. UNESCO (2002). ODL: Trends, Policy and Strategy Consideration. Paris, UNESCO. 338
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2 nd Lagos, Nigeria A C D E C o n f
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Prof. Babatunde Ipaye (Chair, Plann
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Page Foreword i Contents ii - xi CO
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Increasing Teacher Quantity and Qua
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Role of Open / Distance Learning in
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Facilitating the Learning of Wildli
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Ibadan Open Digital Village (IODIV)
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THINKING OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING
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inaugurating at the time from exter
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country would be changed for good a
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Introduction 7 ELEARNING ON THE FAR
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There is a major omission in that d
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There are now close to a hundred of
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2008. We have already done face to
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affordable by students, parents, go
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their communities with no vocationa
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operating grants. A similarly sized
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• Innovation: In North America un
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mercantile investment tools exploit
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THE CHALLENGE OF THE MILLENNIUM DEV
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Quite clearly ODL practices have a
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Distance learning methods can be us
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We should not forget the strength o
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Introduction It is indeed a great p
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estructuring efforts will be geared
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37 Table 4: Internet Penetration in
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Given that ODL is a relatively new
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globalised and competitive world, h
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43 • The sharing of experiences t
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References Arbo, P., & Benneworth,
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Well functioning teacher education
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49 • The possibility of achieving
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51 • Education or professional st
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getting teacher-students to engage
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Thus, if the intention is to prepar
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over 3 three years Trained 1,200 Te
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Purpose-driven programme design inf
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We would argue the need for site-ba
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63 • How will we know whether we
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Robinson, B. & Latchem, C. Eds. (20
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pattern emerging, they need to anal
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Language and National Development N
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These programmes exist in many univ
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Survey Research; Introspection and
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The point made here is that univers
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77 access to French, the language o
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vehicular cross border languages or
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References Bamgbose, A. (1991). Lan
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83 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FROM INT
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85 • Romania - National Centre fo
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87 Consumption and Production Patte
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the structure to coordinate nationa
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conservation in protected areas and
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mind the colonial and historical le
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involved in the evaluation of cours
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staff and students to information a
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otherwise open and distance learnin
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We agree with Okolie (2003) that th
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means of education to become member
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REFERENCES Adekanmbi, G. (2000). A
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Gravett, S. (2004). Teaching and le
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109 SUB THEME I OPEN & DISTANCE LEA
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Definition of Social Emotional Lear
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1988). The learners in developmenta
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Table 1 Proportional Sampling of Pr
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Confidence 752 4.11 0.91 Independen
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References Association for Childhoo
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QUALITY ASSURANCE IN OPEN AND DISTA
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Concept of Quality Assurance Qualit
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The vision of the National Open Uni
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(e) To provide forum where individu
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AN APPRAISAL OF THE IMPLEMENTATION
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e mo v e d in s p a c e a n d /o r
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T h e o r e t ica l Framework T h e
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h a v e th e larg e s t n u mb e r
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T a b l e 2 : C o mparison o f A d
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I t e m S /N f r o m r e s u l ts i
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141 p o p u l a t io n a d e q u a
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I t e m S /N S p e c if ic a lly, r
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D iscussio n F i v e r e s e a r c
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R e f e r e n c e s A ya d i, Fe l
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traders, unqualified medical worker
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Table 1: Mean, Standard Deviation a
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From table 2 above, it is observed
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ape, drug abuse and in unhealthy se
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Introduction Education has become o
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The Early Childhood Education progr
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In a bid to deliver quality educati
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(a) Self-assessment: These are assi
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OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL) AN
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Most of the ODL programmes at the U
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Director but the basic admission le
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THE USE OF AN ONLINE LEARNING SYSTE
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online education, also called dista
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Program Knowledge Performance Learn
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DEED618: College Teaching (CRN# 301
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Dreamweaver, etc. Providing additio
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Table 2 - Ten Largest Distance-lear
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USA Today, April 33, 2008: 6D. Wrig
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systems such as water, and land and
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Teachers face a widening range of d
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189 ii. gender: It is difficult to
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191 Robinson, B. and Colin, L. (200
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University of United Kingdom (OUUK)
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to lack of potential for sustainabi
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elements are: leadership, governmen
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Education for Sustainability Sustai
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The National Teachers’ Institute,
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- The Federal Government directive
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References: Adeagbo, Sen (2004). Co
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Introduction Distance learning is a
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This undeniable huge number of illi
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210 At the level of M.A Urdu in th
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Siddique, H.M. (2004). Distance Lea
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Annexure-3:Table 3 Gender Wise, Lev
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Annexure -8:Table 8 Gender Wise, Le
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9 Education Teacher Pakistan educat
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INCREASING TEACHER QUANTITY AND QUA
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teacher ratios very high (for insta
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Teacher Education in Kenya and Expe
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Postgraduate Diploma in Education (
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228 AN APPRAISAL OF ODL MODEL FOR P
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I n d i s c u s s in g th e po t e
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P u r p o s e of th e s t u d y T h
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D a t a a n a l y s i s B o th q u
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I t e m S / N T a b l e 3 C o m p a
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T a b l e 5 R a t i n g o f a d e q
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l e c t u r e s r e gu l a r l y an
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Figure 1 Summary of panel’s repor
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244 a d e q u a t e f e e d b a c k
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G a b r ie l , A . ( 20 0 0 ) . E -
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Introduction In the recent past, th
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compromise the time and attention t
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The students reported that they had
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TRAINING OF DEVELOPERS OF DISTANCE
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putting in place the SOLACE. Indeed
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Although according to data in the r
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clear policy which addresses a vari
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Republic of Kenya. (1998). Master P
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system, namely making learning flex
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Type 1 Literacy development interve
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268 the Adult Literacy Classroom. A
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AGRICULTURE AND THE MILLENNIUM DEVE
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Developing a global partnership for
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farmer in the Hambantota region saw
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276 RECONSTRUCTING MASCULINITY AND
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power. Power then becomes a weapon
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annunciated by the superpowers. P.
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24. I refer to potentially inhibito
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means that the propositions employe
Page 301 and 302: Dignity: Human dignity, pursuit of
Page 303 and 304: sound philosophical foundation to i
Page 305 and 306: 290 INNOVATIVE METHOD OF HIV/AIDS E
Page 307 and 308: To be certain, the treatment situat
Page 309 and 310: The course: Management and Care of
Page 311 and 312: Aderinoye, R. and Ojokheta, K. (200
Page 313 and 314: This paper explores how the curricu
Page 315 and 316: 300 indirectly by serving as guides
Page 317 and 318: 302 iv. Rehabilitation and empowerm
Page 319 and 320: FROM EMPOWERMENT TO TRANSFORMATION:
Page 321 and 322: conception of power according to Pa
Page 323 and 324: in education. Plagiarising the work
Page 325 and 326: In Osiki (2007b), it was opined tha
Page 327 and 328: and caprices of any “military gen
Page 329 and 330: Osiki, J.O. (2007 b). Empowering Di
Page 331 and 332: INCORPORATING RELATIONSHIP MARKETIN
Page 333 and 334: strategic planning, work process, t
Page 335 and 336: Position Held Frequency Percent Cle
Page 337 and 338: Most of the customer care given to
Page 339 and 340: Bbuye, J. (2005) “Distance Educat
Page 341 and 342: INCREASING NUMBER OF OLDER PERSONS
Page 343 and 344: of ageing (Omotayo, 2006: 105-107).
Page 345 and 346: Second Semester 017Theory of Ageing
Page 347 and 348: OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING: SUCCESS
Page 349 and 350: opportunities. This is in keeping w
Page 351: External problems Energy related pr
Page 355 and 356: Conceptual issues Open and Ffexible
Page 357 and 358: Table 1. Applications and admission
Page 359 and 360: from the epidemic to share their ex
Page 361 and 362: Jegede, O.J. (2003). Taking the dis
Page 363 and 364: The foreign learning and teaching s
Page 365 and 366: The song accompaniment for GST 101
Page 367 and 368: McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding t
Page 369 and 370: Introduction Open and Distance Lear
Page 371 and 372: It includes all the activities aime
Page 373 and 374: 358 contact, less formal methods ar
Page 375 and 376: 360 Training Objective Even though
Page 377 and 378: 1. Technical competency 362 Technic
Page 379 and 380: 2. Training logistics 364 The curri
Page 381 and 382: Rao, M.K. (1999). A Critical Analys
Page 383 and 384: vulgarisation agricole et d’ensei
Page 385 and 386: Open Learning system has emerged as
Page 387 and 388: For the physically challenged child
Page 389 and 390: Introduction/historical background
Page 391 and 392: Academic Manpower in NOUN The Natio
Page 393 and 394: THE ROLE OF NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSIT
Page 395 and 396: New venture creation and developmen
Page 397 and 398: Education is the most important ins
Page 399 and 400: Mode of Course Delivery Full time a
Page 401 and 402: Significantly, standards and benchm
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Osei, B., Baah-Nuakoh, A., Tutu, K.
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Introduction The success of every n
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S/N 1 Significance Generally, the m
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and infant mortality. 17 ODL method
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needed information. Assessment acco
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Abstract 398 ROLE OF OPEN AND DISTA
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Studies show that, it is as effecti
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The programme was introduced to tak
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This method allows learners to plan
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demand for providing quality teache
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Convenience with Family and other S
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(49.0%) agreed and 153 (51.0%) disa
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Hypothesis 2 Occupational status of
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Recommendations Open and distance l
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National Teachers’ Institute. (20
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418 Can human beings live long? Can
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17 - 19). Hence, the number of wome
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Ohaegbulem, M. O. (2007). Awareness
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Introduction The population growth
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However, the ubiquity of ICTs today
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428 • Religion Various religious
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Conclusion 430 o Promoting synergis
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Abstract 432 WOMEN EMPOWERMENT AND
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Data collection We conducted in-dep
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ecause she spent most of the time a
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financially well off and he preferr
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References Chaudry, P. (1995) Women
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University of Nigeria en vue de met
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36 Zamfara 1,630,344 1,629,502 3,25
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446 Total Population of Female in N
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Table1.3 Total number of admitted s
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ODL if the government can put in pl
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452 SUB THEME III CAPACITY BUILDING
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Course Structure of DPE Programme T
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Regarding counselling sessions not
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BLOGGING AT UNIVERSITY AS A CASE ST
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in the past 12 months (i.e., up to
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The purpose of the blog should be m
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Tables 3 and 4 show samples of blog
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Staff are presumably well grounded
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Appendix I - Modelling for a pedago
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that bear on its ability to satisfy
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quality control and accrediting age
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Further, the characteristics of sof
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Duncan, W. J. (1978). Organizationa
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The Policy of the National Open Uni
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those measures is arguable 6 . But
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Much of the official attitude (legi
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fit to live a law abiding life upon
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educational or vocational training
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OPEN DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL) AS STR
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imprisoned along with convicted cri
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References Heather Menzies Venettee
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Mots clés: développement de resou
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Results and Findings The National O
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The respondents thus identified tha
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systematic programme of continuous
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Introduction Training as related to
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There is therefore the need to prep
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• the time lag between learning s
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508 SUB THEME IV Quality Assurance
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Project Goal The goal of the projec
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512 students who cannot afford coll
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514 Table 2 Notional Budget Item Am
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Introduction Course materials are v
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content and construct validity; and
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Table 4 Percentage of learners’ r
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Discussion Research Question 1 Are
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Findings The following were the fin
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CHALLENGES OF QUALITY ASSURANCE IN
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materials (printed texts, video, au
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Introduction In order to create an
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COUNSELLING AS A COMMUNICATION STRA
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In Open and Distance Education, the
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As earlier mentioned, effort is bei
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Conclusion In this paper, the write
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Introduction Open and distance educ
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542 5. There is openness with regar
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etrieval and dissemination of infor
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546 teaching. It is a well designed
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References Akpan. C.P. & Esirah, E.
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FACILITATING THE LEARNING OF WILDLI
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‘graduate attributes’. However
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The subject is broken into three mo
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Assessment of Forum Participation T
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An additional tool is that of chat
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Gilmer, P. (1999). Developing a dis
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Introduction 562 PERSONNEL MANAGEME
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564 • The Managers co-ordinate th
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566 • They produce comprehensive,
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568 (i) Administrators: Administrat
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570 (v) Universities in Canada and
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References 572 (iv) Finally, it is
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professional development, the need
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576 o Portfolios: collection of lea
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we need is to train our people on t
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Introduction Distance Education is
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Methodology The research design was
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disagreed. Those who disagreed said
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There is no system of tracking and
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Venkaiah, V. (1995). Quality Assura
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calculated before the completion of
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commitment to completion; previous
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5. Did you withdraw because of prob
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596 • All staff of the university
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Introduction 598 STRENGTHENING AFRI
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Human resources development A key e
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Project co-ordination meetings Proj
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Open and Distance education as prac
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606 2 The unique position of the st
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OPEN AND DISTANCE EDUCATION: A STRA
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Using Nigeria as an example to show
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Definition of Terms Open Learning:
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(Juma, 2003). Examples of these are
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Financing Education worldwide is fu
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THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL OPEN UNIVE
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NOUN’s Vision and Mission Specifi
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Academic support services 622 Acade
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With enhanced quality education, th
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626 SUB THEME V COLLABORATION AND P
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Technologies de l’Information et
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Collaboration The importance attach
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- Self Assessment Exercises (SAEs)
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BEYOND BRICKS, MORTAR AND UNIVERSIT
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inability for many students to comp
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The small post-secondary sector is
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Gaining entry to a university often
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642 • Intranet or Local area netw
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Aigbokhan, B; Imahe, O.J. & Ailemen
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Abstract 646 ENHANCE COHESIVE STREN
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school running is fully displayed i
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week to receive individual tutorial
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International research is a process
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The technical assistance activity w
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different research fields, help pro
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seulement à l’aide de CD ROMs, m
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Abstract OPPORTUNITIES FOR KNOWLEDG
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offered only in public universities
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20. Teofilo Kisanji University (TEK
Page 681 and 682:
References Chabaan, M.A. (1996). En
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training, certificate education and
Page 685 and 686:
Conclusion In the course of providi
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672 EDUCATION, ICT AND THE USE OF M
Page 689 and 690:
In 1998 researchers at the Massachu
Page 691 and 692:
• Confidence could be built among
Page 693 and 694:
Introduction Elearning has the pote
Page 695 and 696:
Internet Usage Statistics: 450,000
Page 697 and 698:
The implementation of the e-learnin
Page 699 and 700:
Communication technologies used in
Page 701 and 702:
Acknowledgement I am grateful to my
Page 703 and 704:
The pillars are; education, governa
Page 705 and 706:
The project started up in Ghana and
Page 707 and 708:
INSTRUCTIONAL SCAFFOLDING: AN EXPER
Page 709 and 710:
Reminder messages were sent 3 days
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elsewhere, designing text messages
Page 713 and 714:
INTERNET VIRTUAL CLASSROOMS IN DEVE
Page 715 and 716:
The challenges of IVC deployment in
Page 717 and 718:
702 M-LEARNING: AN EMERGING TREND I
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Short Message service (S.M.S) - ava
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With the system problems as: - Qual
Page 723 and 724:
THE CONCEPT OF “LEARNING- FIELDS
Page 725 and 726:
Above all, such learning has to imp
Page 727 and 728:
As mentioned earlier above, the tea
Page 729 and 730:
Considering the contents of learnin
Page 731 and 732:
Figure 3 An exemplary learning fiel
Page 733 and 734:
when the situation calls for them.
Page 735 and 736:
Abstract 720 TECHNOLOGICAL AND PEDA
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een produced that can effectively r
Page 739 and 740:
Determining levels of granularity W
Page 741 and 742:
Once each core element of the class
Page 743 and 744:
Figure 8 - Design Challenge: Ensuri
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TEACHING TECHNICAL COURSES THROUGH
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Academic Sessions (A) It is worthy
Page 749 and 750:
This percentage of the left-over is
Page 751 and 752:
E-education, in the personalised we
Page 753 and 754:
According to (Michael 2002, 1993-20
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740 teaching. (Eric Document Reprod
Page 757 and 758:
Introduction The concept of videoco
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evaluation program at higher instit
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est of an organisation. Precisely,
Page 763 and 764:
748 Design & Develop Content Articu
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Students’ Projects Supervision (S
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knowledge of both tacit and explici
Page 769 and 770:
Introduction Education Policy in an
Page 771 and 772:
Therefore, in consonance with the N
Page 773 and 774:
758 • Policy Ideas and Thoughts (
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eveal that a wide gap exist in this
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BARRIERS TO THE USE OF INFORMATION
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Literature Review John Daniel (2006
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Methodology The subjects for the re
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In table 6, respondents identify th
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73.1% (63.3% and 9.8%) for cost of
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772 Anniversary Conference, 23 Augu
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774
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Open and Distance Learning for Sustainable Development

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