107th IOC Session - LA84 Foundation

Video and Audio Transmission
Services
The international signal containing video
and sound was produced by ORTO’98 and sent
from the competition venues to the IBC via
150Mb/s digital circuits supplied by NTT.
Broadcasters rented 525 NTSC analogue video
circuits, 7.5KHz and 15KHz analogue audio circuits,
and digital circuits.
KDD provided overseas transmission services
using numerous satellites and submarine
optic cables to the USA. Two parabolic antennae
were set up within the IBC – one aimed at
the Pacific Ocean, and one aimed at the Indian
Ocean. Additionally, a mobile up link station
was set up on a truck. Highly reliable analogue
circuits and the latest in digital compression
technology were utilised.
Number of ORTO’98 Circuits
High-speed digital circuits (HSD 150M) 33
Analogue circuits (Fibre Video 150M) 7
Analogue circuits (Field Pick Up radio) 10
Coordination lines (3.4K - 4W) 125
Number of Rented Circuits
Domestic VandA 73
International VandA 18 (31 video)
Domestic audio 619
International audio 137
Closed Circuit Television (CCTV)
A CCTV system was utilised for sending the
international signal and other local transmissions
from the IBC to the competition venues as
well as major non-competition venues, including
the Olympic Village. The international signal
was transmitted to venues within Nagano
City in analogue format by fibre-optic cable,
while for outlying areas such as Hakuba and
Shiga Kogen, it was compressed into digital
MPEG II format and sent via satellite. The international
signal from other venues was not relayed
to the Victory Ceremony venue, the
snowboard halfpipe venue, the curling venue, or
the Satellite Village in Karuizawa. Only signals
from relevant venues were sent to the commentary
positions and press seats. Channels were
leased to broadcasters to enable them to send the
video they had captured back to the venues.
At its peak, 43 CCTV channels were
brought into service: 17 were used for the international
signal, seven for local broadcasts, four
for satellite broadcasts, three were leased, one
was an information channel, and one channel
was reserved for the IOC. The Network
Management Centre (NMC) was the nerve centre
for management of the transmission channels
and head ends. Television sets were linked to a
home converter with a 550 MHz capability.
CCTV monitors at the
commentary positions
10. Technology
221