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APPENDIX 2. The Useful Plants of r,,at Tropical Africa. Being an Appendix to the Flora of West .ropical Africa by J. Hutchinson and J. M. Dalziel: Sample Page and Sample Index THE USEFUL PLANTS OF WEST TROPICAL AFRICA BY J. M. DALZIEL, M.D., B.Sc., F.L.S., LATZ OF TUN WST AFRICAN MEDICALBZLVICS, BEING An APPENDIX to the FLORA OF WEST TROPICAL AFRICA BY J. HUTCHINSON and J. M. DALZIEL. Published t behalf of the FederMl Goverti .e .r Nigeri. ,.nd thr GCOaerilaflll of(the Gold . Sirm Loasvir tmil 1hr Ga.mbia. by the Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administration.s 4. Millbnk. ilh.do. S.W.i Price 25s. 89.
PIPERACEAE 17 wild plant. The dried black berries and even the fresh red fruita are sold in all markets as a spice--" Bush Pepper "-much used in flavouring soup, rice, etc., and medicinally as a stomachic and carminative, especially for griping conditions and as an adjuvant to many other medicines, for syphilis, rheumatio joints, etc. It is used also externally as a counter-irritant or stimulating ointment, sometimes in mixture with the seeds of UvariaChamae and other aromat cs. The leaves taken with food are supposed to improve the chances of conception. The grains may be useful as an insecticide whm pulverised and placed amongst clothing. Although one of the early spice grains brought from the Grain Coast (Liberia) in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, it does not appear to have at any time been accepted in Europe as a substitute for ordiary pepper (P. nigrum)which is more aromatic. In common with other peppers itcontains an essential oil which contributes to the flavour, chiefly depending on the principles chavici-e and piverins. The distilled oil, which is yellowish or nearly oolourless, may be suitable for perfumery, soap-making, etc. Amongst the Ekoi in S. Nigeria the plant is symbolic, and sacred to ghosts (Talbot). P. umbellatum Linn.-Holl. 4 : 558. FT. Gain. : FuL gouloafa (Jacquea.F61ix In R.B.A. 1935 :198, but see also under Ampelo. eiu#u. Grantii); Su,'i labasab. S. Leone: Me. poponda ; TL kofusam ; Sueu labalaba. Gold Coast: Twi amma/a, mumuaha. B. Nlgeria: Benin lbe.axhi ; Ibo, Ow. njam nja (Car. penter). The leaves in some parts of West Africa are eaten as a vegetable. The basal part of the stem with rather thick and sometimes corky bark is slightly aromatic, and is sometimes used by the Timnes as a condiment with rice, or as an ingredient in the common sauce made of dried fish and palm oil. In French Guinea the plant is regarded as a remedy lor tapeworm. Jacques-F6lix (l.c.) gives reasons to doubt this, but it may perhaps act as a simple vermifuge. In other countries the reputation of the plant has been as an antiscorbutic and diuretic. The leaves, boiled with the ingredients of a palm oil stew, act as a laxative used in pregnancy (Gold Coast). Irvine mentions also (I.c. below) that the leaves on the inflorescence are prepared with peppel in an enema used in the treatment of a women's complaint. The roots alone, or mixed with other herbs, are also used medicinally, an infus'on of the root macerated in palm wine, etc., being drunk for rheumatism. Locally a poultice of the leaves potuded with palm kernels is applied to a whitlow to bring it to a head. In Gold Coast the plant is said to attract fish, and the leaves along with plantain or other food form a bait used in traps and nets. Rtef.-Afzelius, Rermed. Guin. 39-41 (under Piper grandifolium). Irvine, PI.O.C. 342. A. Chevalier, R.B.A. 1931 : 646. PAPAVERACEAE ARGEMONE Linn. (1 : 80) A. mexicana Linn.-Holl. 1 : 53. Mexican or Prickly Poppy. Senegal and Fr. Gain. : Wol. Aomhom bu djiguen or hAompay bu djiquen (Sdbire); Falor bidjor (S6bire): Mal. ba (A. Chev.), guame.rnon (Brosaart). Gold Coast Gambia (Irvine) : : Twi Mand. aune lombong mmenyan aa. ; Ash. akuairibie, duru also kokosekyietu.duru(Nkoranza, - " medicine "). N. Nigeria : Hausea kwarko (Kano), kwarkoro (Kano (Kate., villages), but see kwarakko also Datura Meld), karanko or kwmranko (Kats), and ? va7iri (Kano); 1a.k'i.ruwa,.Allah (i.c., " refusing also the water of Gud," because it throws off the raindrops from the glaucous and spiny leaves and tends to droop in rain and to dower in the dry w.ather), hakorin kada (equivalent to the F-l. name) other k'ank'ora epithets are (Kate.), (fide Bargery) kank'a aarka : kamuk'amu. la bi ka ('may your evil wish recoil on yourself "-see Bargery under k'ask'ama, c.f. also Barteri'a nigrilana and Indigofera airagulina), k'urer fak FuL vt'egilanqeru ( " crocodile's teeth "), also boginahi A'hinoj (Sok., ). but S. Nigeria sea also : Yar. lkdn-lkiln leopard's paw," a loose term), also 19in-arigbo (J. D. Clarke). Of tropical American origin the plant is now widespread subtopics. in the tropics In Gold and Coast it is said to occur wherever cattle have been pastured. The use of the oil from the seeds, and perhaps also of the yellow juice of the is plant, fairly widespread amongst pagan tribes in Nigeria as a preventive of white ants. 90.
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1. uONTROL NUMBER 2. SUBJECT CLASSI
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REPORT TO THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE A
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) WILD
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TABLES (CONTINUED) 25. Xhosa Edible
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potential for such species within t
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medicinal plants are ingested, prov
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1883) on diet and plants in ancient
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eports, however, is that by Metz et
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Turning to East Africa, important b
Page 19 and 20:
TABLES 1 - 7 FOLLOW TEXT RESUMES ON
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TABLE 2. Classification of African
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TABLE 4. Plants Used by Bushmen in
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TABLE 6. Staple Wild Plants and Fam
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TABLE 7. Edible Wild Plants of Zanz
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West Africa: Botanical/Dietary Data
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and Solanum indicum. The most impor
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TABLE 8. Supplementary and Emergenc
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STEMS TABLE 8 (CONTINUED) Euphorbia
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SEEDS (CONTINUED) FUNGI FERNS Oryza
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TABLE 10. Edible Wild Plants from B
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TABLE 12. Indigenous Wild Edible Pl
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TABLE 14. Nutritional Value of Edib
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y the Mondari Baronga, near Tali, n
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is an overview of dietary practices
Page 49 and 50: gional informaton on the nutritiona
Page 51 and 52: TABLE 15. Edible Wild Plants of the
Page 53 and 54: TABLE 16 (CONTINUED) Latin Terminol
Page 55 and 56: TABLE 17 (CONTINUED) Garcinia livin
Page 57 and 58: TABLE 18. Indigenous Plants Used as
Page 59 and 60: TABLE 19. Edible Wild Plants, Shiny
Page 61 and 62: South Africa: General If there is a
Page 63 and 64: while Scudder (1962) provided impor
Page 65 and 66: Fox and Weintraub (1937) in their w
Page 67 and 68: In addition to general overviews on
Page 69 and 70: 411) reported that the Tlhaping sat
Page 71 and 72: Among the Tlokwa hunting is primari
Page 73 and 74: is a diversified food base, includi
Page 75 and 76: TABLE 21. Swazi Edible Wild Plants
Page 77 and 78: TABLE 23. Edible Wild Plants of Mal
Page 81 and 82: TABLE 24. Gwembe Tonga Edible Wild
Page 85 and 86: TABLE 25. Xhosa Edible Wild Plants,
Page 87 and 88: TABLE 27. Nutritional Value of Sele
Page 89 and 90: TABLE 29. Edible Wild Cucumbers (Cu
Page 93 and 94: DISCUSSION AND SYNTHESIS Returning
Page 95 and 96: quality of human diet and that nutr
Page 97 and 98: RECOMMENDATIONS Accordingly, the fo
Page 99: APPENDIX 1. SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA SEAR
Page 103 and 104: KEY TO USEFUL PLANTS I. FOOD PLA.rS
Page 105 and 106: KEY TO USEFUL PLANTS xvii X.XVII. F
Page 107 and 108: Cordia, myxa Crotalaria ochrolcuca
Page 109 and 110: FOOD PLANTS xxi Parinari curntelfir
Page 111 and 112: CONDIMENTS, SPICES, OR FLAVOURING A
Page 113 and 114: APPENDIX 4. The Role of Wild Plants
Page 115 and 116: -ABLE 1I (continued) Vhus abyssinic
Page 117 and 118: ABLE II (continued) icus gnaphaloca
Page 119 and 120: ,pegia aristolochioides ae Subsp. a
Page 121 and 122: Baxter, P. T. W., and A. Butt (19S,
Page 123 and 124: Carr, W. R. (1957). Notes on Some S
Page 125 and 126: 114. Darby, W. J., P. Ghalioungui,
Page 127 and 128: Fanshawe, D. B., and J. M. Mutimush
Page 129 and 130: Gerlach, L. P. (i964). Traders on B
Page 131 and 132: 120. Gulliver, P., and P. H. Gulliv
Page 133 and 134: Irvine, F. R. (1948b). The Indigeno
Page 135 and 136: Lagercrantz, S. (1951). Food. pp. 9
Page 137 and 138: Loret, V. (1886). Recherches sur pl
Page 139 and 140: Mondonedo, J. R. (1969). Some Sourc
Page 141 and 142: 130. Pardy, A. A. (1951d). Notes on
Page 143 and 144: Robson, J. R. K. (1976). Changing F
Page 145 and 146: Silberbauer, G. B. (1965). Report t
Page 147 and 148: Strydom, E. S. P., and A. S. Wehmey
Page 149 and 150: Unger, F. (1860). Die Pflanzenreste
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Wehmeyer, A. S. (1966). The Nutrien
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REFERENCES CITED: OUT OF SEQUENCE 1
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