a) b - École Polytechnique de Montréal

Figure 2-12. SEM photomicrograph of a) 70%HDPE(A)/20%PP(B)/10%PS(C), b)
70%HDPE(A)/20%PP(B)/10%PS(C) + 0.5% S-E block copolymer, and c)
xxxi
70%HDPE(A)/20%PP(B)/10%PS(C) + 2% S-E block copolymer(Guo,
Packirisamy, et al., 1997) ........................................................................................... 35
Figure 2-13. SEM photomicrograph of a)
10%PMMA(D)/10%PS(C)/60%PP(A)/20%HDPE(B), b)
10%PMMA(D)/60%PS(A)/20%PP(B)/10%HDPE(C) , c)
60%PMMA(A)/20%PS(B)/10%PP(C)/10%HDPE(D), and d)
10%PMMA(D)/10%PS(C)/20%PP(B)/60%HDPE(A)(Guo, Gvozdic, et al.,
1997) .......................................................................................................................... 36
Figure 2-14. Coarsening process in co-continuous structure upon annealing.(a) the thin rod
merges/flows into thick ones at both sides, the thick rod merges into a much
thicker one at the same time; (b) the thin rod becomes thinner during the
merging process; (c) the thin rod breaks/splits; and (d) the residual parts
retract/shrink to the thick rods.(Yuan, 2005) ............................................................. 39
Figure 2-15. Experimental pore size growth (points) with the theoretical model (solid lines)
for different blends annealed at 200°C. (Yuan, 2005) ............................................... 40
Figure 2-16. Detail of a bond percolation on the square lattice in two dimensions with
percolation probability p=51(Stauffer & Aharony, 1994b) ....................................... 41
Figure 2-17. Logarithmic conductivity ladder locating some metals and conducting
polymers(Pratt, 2001)................................................................................................. 44
Figure 2-18. Simultaneous measurement of the nanocomposite (MWCNT/epoxy) electrical
conductivity as function of the nanotube weight fraction, performed in the liquid
state prior to curing at 0.1 s −1 and 20 °C. The rheological percolation threshold is
located at 0.1 wt% and the electrical one at 0.04 wt%(Du, et al., 2004). .................. 47
Figure 2-19. Approaching the percolation threshold in a binary blend ........................................ 49
Figure 2-20. Schematic illustrations of conductivity establishment for polymer composites
with (a) spherical fillers, (b) high aspect ratio fillers (fiber/wire) and (c)