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An Introduction to French Pronunciation

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116 The Consonants in Detail: (III) /r/, /l/ and the Nasals<br />

having someone correct them. In general, the dropping of the<br />

/r/ is considered as more acceptable than the dropping of<br />

the /l/, which is more likely <strong>to</strong> be regarded as substandard.<br />

16.6 Voiceless /m/<br />

A voiceless allophone of /m/, which can also be indicated by a<br />

subscript [ ˚ ] (see 16.5.1), occurs when it follows the voiceless<br />

fricative /s/, in words such as asthme [ast], spasme [spast].<br />

This is a type of progressive assimilation (see chapter 18 and<br />

especially 18.1.4 and 18.3). Apart from a few relatively infrequent<br />

words such as these, it occurs in the ending -isme<br />

of communisme [komynist], nationalisme [nasjbnalist],<br />

cubisme [kybist], réalisme [realist], etc. (A pronunciation in<br />

/izm/, i.e. with a voiced fricative and, consequently, a voiced<br />

/m/ also exists but is less widespread.)<br />

Similarly, a voiceless [t] occurs after the voiceless s<strong>to</strong>p /t/<br />

in rythme [ritt].

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