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Chapter 2. Literature Review Adoption, Diffusion and Use of E-government
Hassan Al-Zaabi Services in Abu Dhabi Police Force
CHAPTER 2 – Literature Review
2.0 Introduction
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter provides an overview and critique of the topics that provided the theoretical foundations
of the research. For this research, literature from several books and online academic citation databases
was used, such as, Web of Science, Google Scholar. This was done from the years 2000 to 2012. These
databases were used as they provide intense information regarding the various topics impacting this
study. However, before delving into the theoretical foundations a description of developing countries,
Gulf region, UAE and its e-government efforts is provided.
It will also include some literature of the adoption and diffusion theories that will give the reader a
better understanding about these theories before going through the proposed conceptual model. Finally,
an in depth explanation of the developed theoretical model with its various constructs will also be
given. The theoretical model will help in examining different constructs and how they affect the
adoption and use of e-services in organisations, such as in ADPF.
2.1 Research on Developing Countries and E-government
As stated in chapter 1, developing countries are also keen to improve their e-government. Based on the
2012 UN report (UN, 2012) not all countries are improving. For example, most developing countries
(around 60 countries) in Africa; Somalia, Chad, Niger and some in Asia; Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and
Yemen are still struggling and are grouped as least e-government developing countries. The reason is
that these countries still “lack technical skills, high costs of technology, and ineffective government
regulation” (UN, 2012: 35). On the other hand other developing countries, such as, UAE, Bahrain,
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