Book of Abstracts - Geyseco

P - Posters
Aprile, G. G. - Migliozzi, A. - Catalano, I. - Di Salvatore, M.
- Mingo, A -
DIARBOPAVE - Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Lichens are among the most reliable biological indicators to assess
direction and intensity of environmental changes. Vesuvius
volcano was interest during last century by contrasting effects
of both natural and anthropic disturbance. Volcanic eruption of
1943-44 opened a new fresh primary succession on lavic soils,
but the impact of human activities lead to a heavy degradation of
natural ecosystems. Since 1995, the volcano area is protected as
a national reserve. With the aim of tracking the impact of such
processes on biodiversity and environmental quality, Vesuvius
lichen distribution was monitored over space and time. Past records
by herbarium collections of nineteenth century were censed
and reported to present criteria of classification. These data
were entered in a GIS database and compared with two recent datasets,
one preceding (1980) and the other following (last decade)
the starting of protection regime over this territory. Multivariate
techniques of analysis were employed to detect the different
directions of change and to relate them to both natural and anthropic
variables. About 270 taxa were recorded, most of which
bark or rock crustose lichens from acid to sub-neutral substrata. A
relative stability of poleophoby was observed, though indicators
of eutrophication tended to increase in recent times. Other indicators,
mainly related to aridity, successional stage and phytoclimatic
range, are discussed in this work in relation to the changing
environmental conditions of Vesuvius volcano.
P14-017: IMPACT CLIMATE CHANGE ON YIELD AND
BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHEAT SEEDS
Abdumanon, A. - Kasimova, G.F. - Ergashev, A. - Karimov, Kh.
H. - Saboiev, I.A. - Abdullaev, S. F. - Jumaev, K. - Rahimov, M.
Institute of plants physiology and genetics of Academy sciences
Republic of Tajikistan
This paper presents the results of study effect of different climatic
years on the parameters of the biological and economic productivity
of plants and biochemical quality grain promising sorts
of wheat. The analysis shows that January and November 2006
year, February and March 2007 year and February 1 - March
2009 year were periods with high monthly rainfall in the range.
The results show that if in the period to September 2007 to August
2008 year annual precipitation was 358.7 mm, this value in
the period September 2008-August 2009 year amounted to 905.6
mm, which is 2.53 times higher. During all these periods the
monthly precipitation totals exceeded the norm from 1,3 to 1,73
times. Concerning sorts Kauz and Sham grown under normal climatic
conditions, it may be noted that while the seed weight of
wheat grown in 2008 year, slightly higher compared to the year
2009 year, but the protein content is lowered. The number of grains
per ear and less in 2009, however, the number of seeds from
year to year differences is minor. However, the mass of 1000
grains in 2009 for these plants was more favorable than in 2008
year. Comparative evaluation of biochemical parameters for sort
Sham showed that the protein content almost does not change
depending on climatic conditions in 2008 and 2009 year, despite
significant differences in the sizes of seeds. The report discusses
the impact of different climatic years to electrophoreticaly separation
and identification of proteins in polyacrylamide gel.
This work was supported by the International Science and Technology
Center (Project T-1635)
P14-018: THREE YEARS OF SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN
ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND UV
PROTECTION MECHANISMS IN TWO MOSSES FROM
A SUBALPINE STREAM
Tomás, R. - Fabón, G. - Monforte López, L. - Martínez-Abaigar,
J. Núñez-Olivera, E.
University of La Rioja
We studied the relationships between environmental variables
and the physiology of two aquatic mosses (Bryum pseudotriquetrum
and Fontinalis antipyretica) in a subalpine unforested
stream over a three year period. Neither environmental or physiological
variables showed significant interannual variations.
Most environmental variables (water temperature, stratospheric
ozone, and photosynthetic, UV-A and UV-B radiation) showed
distinct seasonal variations, but only a few physiological ones
did. In both species, photoprotection variables (the activity of the
xanthophyll cycle and the bulk UV absorbance of the methanolextractable
UV-absorbing compounds, MEUVAC) varied more
seasonally than variables related to physiological activity, such
as the sclerophylly index and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters
(Fv/Fm and FPSII). Changes in physiological activity would
be attenuated by the buffering capacity of water with respect to
the influence of environmental factors, and dynamic variables
like Fv/Fm and FPSII would be little determined by cyclic environmental
factors. In B. pseudotriquetrum, both MEUVAC and
kaempferol 3,7-O-diglycoside (a potentially UV-protective flavonoid)
were positively associated with radiation levels, whereas
in F. antipyretica photoprotection mechanisms were not correlated
with any environmental variable. In addition, MEUVAC was
3–4 fold higher in B. pseudotriquetrum than in F. antipyretica.
Thus, different photoprotection mechanisms, with a different environmental
regulation, can be suggested for these two species.
DNA damage was not found in any sample, probably because
both species displayed efficient DNA repair mechanisms.
P14-019: INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF OZONE AND CO2
ON GRWOTH, TIELD AND PHYSIOLOGY OF POTATO
Hassan, I. - Hassan, I.A.
Alexandria University
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in open-top
chambers (OTCs) in Northern Egypt at ambient (ca 350 ppm) or
doubled CO2 (ca 690 ppm) either in charcoal-filtered air (15 nl
l-1) or in non-filtered ambient air (78 nll-1 O3) to investigate the
changes in physiology and yield under long-term elevated CO2
and/or O3 throughout 100 days.
Ambient O3 level reduced net photosynthetic rates, number and
weight of tubers by 18, 41 and 21%, respectively, whereas elevated
CO2 caused the opposite effect where it increased the same
parameters by 44, 37 and 20%, respectively. Significant O3 x
CO2 interactions were detected.
However, O3 caused an increase in GR and POD by 18 and 35%,
respectively, while CO2 caused an increase in POD only by 46%,
and there was no effect of O3 and/or CO2 on other enzymes.
The results of this study are discussed in relation to predicted
atmospheric changes.
Key words:
Open-top chambers (OTCs) - Potato (Solanum tuberosum) – O3
– CO2 – photosynthesis – Stomatal Conductance – antioxidant
enzymes – growth and yield.
Superoxide dismutase (SOD); Glutathione Reductase (GR); Ascorbate
peroxidase (APX); Guaiacol peroxidase (POD)
P14-020: INFLUENCE OF MICROCLIMATE ON GRAPE-
BERRY PROTEOME
Bordey, Y. 1 - Kappel, C. 1 - Magnin, N. 1 - Lapaillerie, D. 2 - Dupuy,
J. W. 2 - Vilain, S. 2 - Bonneu, M. 2 - Gomes, E. 1 - Delrot, S. 1
- Trossat Magnin, C. 1
1
ISVV-UMR EGFV 1287-INRA, Bordeaux, France
2
Plate-forme Protéomique, Université Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, F
As many cultivated crops, grapevine may be particularly susceptible
to climate change and hence, berry quality and production
might be highly changed (White et al. 2006). Modification of the
phenology timing and metabolite composition has been already
observed (Pereira et al. 2006). In order to improve the knowledge
on the impact of the microclimate on grape berries, we studied
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