Book of Abstracts - Geyseco

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P - Posters it has been traditionally used as an indicator plant for biological indexing. Leaf visible injure, oxidative damage in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, leaf proline accumulation and the antioxidant enzyme activities ascorbate peroxidase and catalase were the parameters used to characterize the performance of plants under the biotic stress imposed by the virus. Characteristic symptoms of virus infection were evident in leaves 4 weeks after inoculation. The progression of the damage was more drastic in plants infected with the severe virus isolate. The high accumulation of MDA in leaves confirm the occurrence of oxidative damage in infected plants. The biotic stress imposed by CTV induced accumulation of the compatible osmolite proline, being this accumulation proportional to the virulence of the isolate used for plant inoculation. The studied enzymatic activities shown opposite trends, whereas ascorbate peroxidase activity increased as a consequence of viral infection, catalase reduced its activity under this biotic stress. P17-026: BACTERIAL ELICITORS TRIGGER ISOFLA- VONE METABOLISM IN GLYCINE MAX CELL CULTU- RES Ramos Solano, B.* - Algar, E. - García-Villaraco, A. - Lucas García ,J.A. - Gutiérrez Mañero, F.J. Universidad San Pablo CEU *Corresponding author, e-mail: bramsol@ceu.es Benefits of isoflavones (IF) on human health have raised an interest to increase concentration in field conditions (Isanga & Zhang, 2008, Food Rev. Int., 24:252–276). However, due to the inducible nature of secondary metabolism, IF levels change according to environmental conditions (Berger et al, 2008, Crop Sci 48:700-708). This lack of reproducibility may be overcome using cell cultures under controlled conditions. Moreover, the use of elicitors of different nature appears as a challenging alternative (Poulev et al, 2003, J.Med.Chem., 46:2542-2547) so chemical and biotic elicitors from pathogenic microorganism have been used (Al-Tawaha et al, 2005, Ann.Appl.Biol., 146:303-310) but use of elicitors from free-living non-pathogenic microorganism are scant. The objective of this study was to obtain reproducible and increased levels of IF in three cell lines of Glycine max with different levels of IF production (Federici et al, 2003, Phytochem. 64:717-724) by the means of bacterial elicitors, from two PGPR strains, at different concentrations. Results show that only elicitors from Pseudomonas fluorescens N21.4 increased total IF levels, only in high and low yield cell lines revealing that IF metabolism was triggered and speaking of different molecular targets despite the low degree of cell differentiation. Acknowledgments: Nestlé Research Center for cell lines. Funded by AGL 2009-08324 and Universidad San Pablo CEU. P17-027: COMPETITION FOR LIGHT COMPROMISES PATHOGEN DEFENSE de Wit, M.* - Voesenek, L. A. C. J. - Pierik, R. Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University *Corresponding author, e-mail: M.deWit@uu.nl Growth in high densities brings along competition for light with neigboring plants, but also an increased risk of pathogen attack; plants in close proximity facilitate plant-plant infection and the enclosed atmosphere of a canopy forms a microclimate favorable for pathogens. How plants cope with simultaneous stress from both competitors and pathogens remains largely unknown. Through physiological responses and gene expression studies using Arabidopsis we aim to gain insight into how plants can compete and defend themselves against pathogens at the same time. We show that shade avoidance induction through light signals suppresses both the SA- and JA-defense pathways. We have studied through which plant hormones this signaling crosstalk may occur and show that auxin and gibberellin do not mediate this crosstalk. Ethylene, on the other hand, is a candidate crosstalk regulator. Genome-wide gene expression studies are providing further insight into the mechanisms behind the interaction between shade avoidance and pathogen defense. P17-028: CHANGES IN NITROGEN FIXATION AND AN- TIOXIDANT ENZYMES ACTIVITY INDUCED BY SALI- CYLIC ACID AND ABSCISIC ACID IN MEDICAGO SA- TIVA UNDER SALT STRESS Palma, F. - Iribarne, C. - García-Garijo, A. - Tejera, N.A. - Carmen, L. Universidad de Granada In the present work we investigated the effect of salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) on nitrogen fixation and antioxidant metabolism of Medicago sativa root nodules under salt stress. Plants grew under controlled conditions and at the vegetative growth stage (49 days old) were treated with SA (0.1 and 0.5 mM) and ABA (1μM and 10 μM), 48 h later were exposed to the saline treatment (200 mM). Plants were harvested at 12 days after the saline treatment. Results showed that plant dry weight and nitrogen fixation decreased by SA, ABA and NaCl separately; however, the supply of hormonal treatments (SA and ABA) before the exposure to salt stress reduced the negative effect of NaCl. The activities superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) in plants treated with NaCl were significantly higher than in untreated plants, these enzyme activities increased with both hormones indicating that SA and ABA could protect plants under salt stress. The NaCl and SA treatments inhibited the activity catalase (CAT), however the application of ABA to salinized plants increased this activity, suggesting that ABA could mitigate salt stress. The lipoxigenase activity (LOX), used as stress indicator, increased with NaCl but decreased with hormones treatments in these stressed plants. Our results suggest that negative effects of salinity on Medicago sativa symbiosis can be alleviate by SA and ABA treatments. P17-029: UNEXPECTED EFFECTS OF SILENCING THE VIRUS RESISTANCE GENE N IN NICOTIANA ED- WARDSONII Király, L. 1 * - Künstler, A. 1 - Cawly, J. 2 - Schoelz, J. 2 1 Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences 2 Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, USA *Corresponding author, e-mail: lkir@nki.hu The resistance gene N determines host resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Our purpose is to clarify whether silencing of the N gene can influence non-host resistance to other viruses in Nicotiana edwardsonii. Transgenic plants silenced for N exhibit compromised host resistance to TMV ( delay in the development of localized necrotic lesions, smaller/fewer lesions). Reduced lesion development indeed means compromised virus resistance because GFP expression from a TMV-30B-GFP construct used for virus inoculation is significantly higher in N-silenced plants. Furthermore, systemic necrosis characteristic of TMV-infected N. edwardsonii develops 3-5 days earlier in N-silenced plants. These results indicate a faster cell-to-cell and systemic movement of TMV in N-silenced N. edwardsonii as compared to wild type plants. Unexpectedly, however, transgenic N-silenced plants show enhanced non-host resistance to Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV), a virus unrelated to TMV: smaller/fewer lesions and significantly lower virus titers occur in inoculated leaves. Enhanced resistance to TNV does not result in enhanced expression of defense-related genes (NgPR1 and NtSGT) . Our results suggest that the product of the N resistance gene or a related gene is a susceptibility factor during TNV infection. Research support: OTKA K61498 P17-030: POTATO PLANT RESPONSES TO THE COMBI- NATION OF TEMPERATURE DROP AND PHYTONEMA- TODE INVASION P
FESPB 2010 - XVII Congress of the Federation of European Societies of Plant Biology Sherudilo, E.* - Sysoeva, M. - Matveeva, E. - Lavrova, V. Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre RAS *Corresponding author, e-mail: sherudil@krc.karelia.ru The aim of the study was to investigate a potato plant responses to short-term temperature drop combined with phytonematode invasion. Experiments were conducted with potato susceptible cultivar in growth chambers. Plants were subjected to temperature drop (5ºC x 2 h at the end of night) for 6 days. The nematodes were applied to potato plants (10 cysts per plant) before and after temperature drop. Subsequent growth conditions were optimal. Temperature drop applied before invasion increased plant chilling and nematode resistance, decreased the final nematode population and resulted in the expression of nematode resistance gene H1. Temperature drop applied after nematode invasion was ineffective: there were no differences of the developed cyst number between control and treated plants. The study was supported by RFBR (project 08-04-98833) and Federal Agency of Education. P17-031: UREIDE ACCUMULATION IN WATER-STRES- SED SOYBEAN PLANTS Gil-Quintana, E.* Universidad Pública de Navarra *Corresponding author, e-mail: erena.gil@unavarra.es Sanz-Corres X (Universidad Pública de Navarra) Larrainzar E (Universidad Pública de Navarra) Arrese-Igor C (Universidad Pública de Navarra) González EM (Universidad Pública de Navarra) In tropical legumes like soybean, most of the nitrogen fixed in nodules is used to synthesize ureides, the major long distance transport form of organic nitrogen in this species. Numerous studies suggest that the decline in nitrogen fixation (NF) during water deficit may be associated with increasing levels of nitrogen compounds in leaves and/or nodules of N2-fixing plants. The aim of the present work was to study the accumulation of ureides in the entire soybean plant subjected to a gradual water deficit to clarify their possible role in the regulation of NF.5 week-old soybean plants grown in symbiosis were separated randomly into two sets: control and drought. Transpiration and NF rates were measured at days 0, 1, 2, 4 and 7 and nodules, roots, stems and leaves were harvested for ureides determination. Our results show an allantoate accumulation in nodules previous to the decrease in NF. In addition, allantoate accumulates significantly in roots and stems when NF starts to show a significant decline. Leaf allantoate accumulation was only significant at the end of the experiment. The progressive accumulation of ureides in the whole plant suggests that its metabolism is regulated by drought at the plant level and that the regulation of NF should be studied in the entire plant and not as a result of a local ureide accumulation in nodules or leaves. Moreover, this general accumulation does not support the hypothesis that ureides have a role as a local signal inhibiting NF as previously hypothesized. Acknowledgements: AGL2008–00069/AGR; Government of Navarre 228/2008. P17-032: IRON AND REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN INTERACTIONS OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS AND P, S AND F INTERSTERILITY GROUPS OF HETEROBASIDION ANNOSUM Mucha, J. 1 * - Guzicka, M. 1 - Lakomy, P. 2 - Karlinski, L. 1 - Zadworny, M. 1 1 Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences 2 Department of Forest Pathology, Faculty of Forestry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland *Corresponding author, e-mail: mucha_joanna@wp.pl Iron is reported to have an important role during infection e.g. promoting pathogen growth and enhancing tissue decay or evoking hypersensitive response reaction in plant cells. Presence of free iron in the living cells is also coupled with production of the most harmful reactive oxygen species, the hydroxyl radical. The aim of the study was to determine whether the changes in superoxide and hydrogen peroxide are dependent on two iron ions (ferric and ferrous) appearance in Scots pine seedling roots infected by strains from P, S and F groups of Heterobasidion annosum. Ferrous iron staining was associated with the nuclei of host cells and the fungal tissue of all tested strains during initial steps of interactions. Ferric iron was correlated with reddish-brown staining of H2O2 in roots inoculated with the strains of P group and they were localized around cell walls of cortex. In contrary, there was no correlation of hydrogen peroxide and ferric ion that was aggregated or spread in cytoplasm of the cortex cells of Pinus sylvestris inoculated by S strains. The principal component analysis of studied factors revealed a separation of P strains. The research has been financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (project no NN 309 136935) P17-033: SYSTEMIC PLANT PROTECTION INDUCED BY PGPR IS NOT NECESSARILY ASSOCIATED TO AN INCREASE IN ISOFLAVONES IN GLYCINE MAX. VAR OSUMI. Gutierrez Mañero, F.* - Algar, E. - García Cristobal, J. - Lucas García, J.A - Ramos Solano, B. - Gutierrez Mañero, F.J. Universidad San Pablo CEU *Corresponding author, e-mail: jgutierrez.fcex@ceu.es Soybean plays a crucial role in both the field of food and the pharmaceutical industry due to their input as plant protein and to the benefits of isoflavones (IF) for health. In addition, IF play a key role in nodulation and plant defense (Al-Tawaha et al, 2005, Ann.Appl.Biol. 146:303–310) and therefore, an increase in IF would be desirable for better field performance. Free living beneficial rhizobacteria Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been used for systemic induction of plant’s secondary metabolism. The aim of this study was to increase IF content inoculating soybean with 4 PGPR that had a contrasted effect on IF metabolism (Ramos Solano et al, 2010, J.Agric. Food Chem. 58:1484-1492) and on their ability to protect plants against biotic and abiotic stresses (Barriuso et al, 2008, Phytopathol. 98:666-672) and establish the relation between IF increase and protection caused by the bacteria. Soybean seedlings were inoculated with the PGPRs upon transplant and 20 days after; 7 d.a.i, seedlings were split in two groups, and one of them was challenged with the leaf pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycine. Plants were harvested 7 days after evaluating disease incidence and growth; IF were determined by HPLC. All four strains protected soybean, ranging from 40% (Ps.fluorescens N21.4) to 80% (Curtobacterium sp. M84). On healthy plants, only N21.4 and N5.18 increased IF levels, but on pathogen challenged plants, IF increased on N21.4 and in M84 treated plants. Consistent with van Hulten’s (2006) studies, M84 was the only strain to prime the plant as revealed by the negative effect on growth associated to increased IF levels achieved only upon pathogen challenge. However, in view of the protection conferred by all four strains, it is evidenced that plants were all primed although growth was not negatively affected at this time point. Funded by AGL 2009-08324, CM S0505 and Universidad San Pablo CEU. P17-034: APPLICATION OF TOBACCO RATTLE VIRUS- BASED GENE SILENCING IN GERBERA HYBRIDA Deng, X* - Hytönen, T. - Valkonen, J. P. - Elomaa, P. - Teeri, T. H. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki *Corresponding author, e-mail: xianbao.deng@helsinki.fi Gerbera hybrida, belonging to the large sunflower family, has attracted considerable attention as a new model plant for flower development study because of its particular flower organization in
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FESPB 2010 - XVII Congress of the F
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Page 206 and 207: Author Index Aarts, M.G. S18-002 Ab
Page 208 and 209: Cattivelli, L. P01-031 Cawly, J. P1
Page 210 and 211: Gallego, B. P17-037 Gallego, P.P. P
Page 212 and 213: Kersten, B. P10-017 Keskin, O. P05-
Page 214 and 215: Miguel, C. S02-001, P01-122 Milhinh
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Page 218 and 219: Tanimoto, E. P01-045 Tarakanov, I.
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Book of Abstracts - Geyseco

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