Book of Abstracts - Geyseco

More documents

Recommendations

Info

03 - S - Selected Abstracts for Oral Presentations sperm cells, suggesting active epigenetic reprogramming as well as posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. Our deep sequencing analysis of small RNA libraries from pollen and sperm cells revealed that 49 known miRNA families are enriched in the male gametes. We could predict 31 potentially novel miRNAs in sperm cells and can show cleavage of some of their predicted target transcripts in pollen samples. Thus our comparative sRNA sequencing coupled with the transcriptome data and pollen 5’RACE analysis suggest that miRNA pathways are active during sperm cell specification. Moreover, we are testing the hypothesis that some miRNAs accumulate in the male gametes to be delivered to the female gametes upon fertilization and only play a role during early embryonic development. S05-001: MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO IMPROVING SORGHUM QUALITY: A CEREAL CROP FOR FOOD, FEED AND BIOMATERIALS Godwin, I. D.¹* - Gilding, E.¹ - Prentis, P.¹ - Frere, C.¹ - Mudge, A.¹ - Liu, G.¹ - Lambrides, C.¹ - William, S. B.¹ - Campbell, B.C.¹ - Mace, E.S.² - Cruickshank, A.² - Jordan, D.R.² ¹The University of Queensland ²AgriScience Queensland *Corresponding author e-mail: i.godwin@uq.edu.au The sorghum genome sequence will facilitate the development of more highly saturated genome maps with database mining for Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP). This will also enable rapid in silico identification of candidate genes in mapped regions known to be involved in the expression of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) and allelic diversity for important grain quality, cell wall quality, abiotic stress tolerance and developmental genes. Internationally, great interest in the sorghum genome derives from its importance as a grain and forage crop, as a model for the maize and sugarcane genomes, and most recently because of its emerging potential as a biomass crop. The combination of new tools such as whole genome mapping and selection, developments in association mapping, robotics and computational biology for high throughput sequencing and sorghum transgenics make for a powerful package for sorghum genetic improvement. We have produced sorghums with altered protein:starch matrix by targeting the S-S cross-linking of the beta- and gammakafirins. We have characterised a range of cultivated and wild sorghum germplasm for grain quality parameters, and are in the process of manipulating genes involved in seed storage protein and starch biosynthesis to alter the nutritional and bio-industrial quality of the endosperm. Additionally, forward and reverse genetics approaches are underway to improve stover quality for nutritional and bio-industrial applications. S05-002: NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE PHYSIOLOGI- CAL FUNCTION OF LATEX IN TARAXACUM SPP Wahler, D.¹* - Colby, T.² - Schulze Gronover, C.³ - Prüfer, D.¹ ¹University of Münster - Institut für Biochemie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen (WWU-IBBP) ²MPIZ Cologne ³Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Germany *Corresponding author e-mail: daniela.wahler@uni-muenster.de Ten percent of all angiosperms contain specialized cells with a remarkable milky cytoplasm called latex. The genera Taraxacum is probably most familiar among latexcontaining plants. So far, no physiological function of latex could be determined but a participation in plant defense is discussed. Additionally, some latex-containing plants such as T. koksaghyz synthesize natural rubber and the question rose whether this biopolymer also contributes to defense responses. Here, we present a proteomic approach on Taraxacum spp. to get a better insight into the biology of latex and particularly into rubber biosynthesis. Through establishment of reliable methods for protein purification, visualization on two-dimensional gels and subsequent crossspecies identification 39% of all visible spots were identified. A high proportion could be related to plant defense giving yet another hint that a prime role of latex is defense. By comparative analyses of the latex proteomes of the closely related rubber producer T.koksaghyz and non-rubber producer T. officinale, differentially expressed proteins were detected that are thus likely to be factors of rubber biosynthesis. Among them three members of the rubber elongation factor superfamily that are known to be essential factors in rubber biosynthesis exhibited a deviating expression pattern in the two Taraxacum species. S05-003: IMPROVEMENT OF PLANT DEFENSES THROUGH METABOLIC ENGINEERING OF LIMONE- NE IN TRANSGENIC ORANGE FRUITS Rodriguez, A.¹* - San Andres, V.¹ - Redondo, A.¹ - Alquezar, B.¹ - Cervera, M.¹ - Shimada, T.² - Gadea, J.³ . Rodrigo, M.J.4 - Zacarias, L.4 - Castañera, P.5 - Palou, L.¹ - Lopez, M.M.¹ - Peña, L.¹ ¹IVIA - Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones agrarias ²National Institute of Fruit Tree Science (NIFTS) ³Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP) 4 Instituto Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA – CSIC) 5 Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB – CSIC) *Corresponding author e-mail: rodriguez_anabai@gva.es Plants produce a wide diversity of secondary metabolites, many of which are volatile compounds. Terpenes are major components of fruits, which suggests that serve for seed protection against pests and pathogens and as attractants of frugivorous animals. However, proof that a specific fruit terpene attracts or repels a specific animal remains to be obtained. The extraordinarily high amount of limonene that accumulates in orange oil glands suggests an important biological role for this terpene compound in interactions with the environment. To test this, we manipulated oil gland chemistry by antisense downregulation of limonene expression in orange fruits. Transgenic plants had reduced limonene accumulation in fruit peel. A gene expression analysis was performed with a 20K citrus microarray and results indicated that monoterpene downregulation was activating the immune response in fruit peel. To test whether antisense suppression resulted in an improvement in the response of the fruit against pest and pathogens, antisense (AS) and control (EV) fruits were challenged with the Medfly Ceratitis capitata, the fungus Penicillium digitatum, and the bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis. Medfly males were more attracted to EV fruits, indicating that limonene emission was attracting insects to the fruit. Moreover, AS fruits showed a marked resistance against both pathogens characterised for their inability to establish infection in peel tissues. These results provide a more comprehensive view of the role of terpene volatiles as attractors of insects and microorganisms, which break the external peel layer, thus promoting pulp and seed feeding by frugivores. The strategy represents a very promising alternative for increasing resistance to pests and pathogens in plants. S05-004: PENETRATION AND TRANSPORT OF NA- NOPARTICLES IN LIVING PLANTS AS A TOOL FOR DIRECTED DELIVERY OF DRUGS IN CROP PROTEC- TION Risueño, M.¹* - Corredor, E.¹ - Marquina, C.² - Ibarra, M.R.² - De La Fuente, J.M.³ - Rubiales, D.4 - Pérez-de-Luque, A.5 - Testillano, P.S.¹ ¹Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC ²Inst. Ciencia de Materiales, ICMA, CSIC-Univ. Zaragoza ³Inst. Nanociencia de Aragón, INA, Univ. Zaragoza 4 Inst. Agricultura Sostenible, IAS, CSIC 5 ÍFAPA *Corresponding author e-mail: risueno@cib.csic.es The use of nanotechnology for the targeted delivery of substances has been subject of special attention in biomedicine, being this S
FESPB 2010 - XVII Congress of the Federation of European Societies of Plant Biology technology of interest also in the treatment of phytopathologies, even though reports on plant bionanotechnology are very scarce. .In this work the penetration and movement of iron-carbon nanoparticles in plant cells has been analyzed in living plants of Cucurbita pepo. A nanoparticle suspension was applied in planta by injection and spraying, and magnets were used to retain the particles in movement in specific areas of the plant. Correlative light and electron microscopy was used for the analysis, results providing evidence of intracellular localization of nanoparticles and their displacement from the application point. Long range movement of the nanoparticles through the plant body was also detected, with their presence in the proximity of the magnets used to immobilize and concentrate them. Results support the applicability of carbon coated magnetic particles for the directed delivery of substances into plant cells and open new possibilities for the treatment of phytopathologies by specific drugs conjugated to nanoparticles, as well as for the design of early diagnostic methods. CORREDOR E, TESTILLANO PS, CORONADO MJ, GONZÁLEZ-MELENDI P, FERNÁNDEZ-PACHECO R, MARQUINA C, IBARRA MR, DE LA FUENTE JM, RUBIA- LES D, PÉREZ-DE-LUQUE A, RISUEÑO MC. (2009) Penetration and transport of nanoparticles in living plants as a tool for directed delivery: in situ detection into plant cells. BMC Plant Biology, 9: 45. Work supported by MICINN International Project EUI2008-00157 in the Iberian Laboratory of Nanotechnology and CSIC Project 200520F0043, PIF-NANOAGRO2005. S06-001: A MOLECULAR CLOCK SETS COMPETENCE FOR PERIODIC BRANCHING IN THE ARABIDOPSIS ROOT Moreno Risueno, M.* - Van Norman, J. - Benfey, P. Duke University *Corresponding author e-mail: mm141@duke.edu Formation of periodic modular structures is a common developmental mechanism in both animals and plants. However in plants, the developmental mechanisms by which newly formed organs are positioned in time and space along the primary axis remain largely uncharacterized. In Arabidopsis, lateral roots (LR) are formed from pericycle cells that are re-specified into LR founder cells. Competence to specify new LR can be tracked by expression of the auxin signaling reporter DR5, which rhythmically pulses in the oscillation zone (OZ) at the root tip independently of changes in auxin content; and reports future branching at the prebranch sites. Interestingly, prebranch site initiation as well as root bending follow a periodic temporal pattern and compensate for changes in temperature and in different environmental conditions, which is characteristic of endogenous mechanism that track time. To further understand this molecular oscillatory mechanism we performed genomic transcriptomic analyses of the OZ. Some of our results include the identification of novel transcription factors oscillating in the OZ and impaired in root periodic responses. We provide evidence that branching in the Arabidopsis root depends on two sets of genes oscillating in opposite phases that establish the temporal and spatial distribution of lateral roots along the primary root axis. S06-002: ABI4 MEDIATES ABSCISIC ACID AND CYTO- KININ INHIBITION OF LATERAL ROOT FORMATION BY REDUCING POLAR AUXIN TRANSPORT Bar-Zvi, D.* - Shkolnik-Inbar, D. Dept of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University *Corresponding author e-mail: barzvi@bgu.ac.il Lateral roots (LRs) formation is an essential process in plant’s development and adaptation to the environment. LR development is controlled by a balance between three plant hormones: auxin is the key hormone promoting LR formation, whereas cytokinin and ABA inhibits this developmental process. We present here direct evidences for ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4 (ABI4) encoding an ABA-regulated AP2-domain transcription factor role in root branching. ABI4 is intensively studied in ABA and glucose signaling in seed germination. Mutation in ABI4, results in an increased number of LRs and its overexpression impairs LRs development. Root expression of ABI4 is enhanced by ABA and cytokinin and repressed by auxin. ABI4 also affects the profiles of the auxin and cytokinin hormones in the root, as determined by the activities of the respective hormone-response promoters DR5 and ARR5. LRs are initiated in xylem-pole pericycle cells accumulating threshold level of auxin, leading to a serious of divisions, resulting in the LR primordia formation. ABI4 is expressed in phloem companion cells, and its expression reduces the level of the auxin-efflux carrier PIN1, abrogating auxin accumulation, and thus, LR initiation. We therefore suggest that ABI4 plays a key inhibitory role in LR development by affecting auxin polar transport, in a mechanism regulated by ABA and cytokinin. S06-003: CHARACTERIZATION OF ROOT ARCHITEC- TURE MUTANTS IN MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA Laffont, C.¹* - Blanchet, S.² - Lapierre, C.³ - Cosson, V.² - Ratet, P.² - Crespi, M.² - Mathesius, U. - Frugier, F.² ¹Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (National Center for Scientific Research) ²Institut des Sciences du Végétal ((ISV - CNRS) ³UCB, AgroParisTech–INRA 4 ARC-ANU Canberra *Corresponding author e-mail: laffont@isv.cnrs-gif.fr Root system architecture is crucial to adapt plant growth to changing soil environmental conditions and consequently to maintain crop yield. In addition to root branching through lateral roots, legumes can develop another lateral organ, the nitrogen-fixing nodule, upon a symbiotic bacterial interaction. We identified several M. truncatula mutants, referred to as cra for compact root architecture, showing root developmental defects but able to form nodules. Transcriptomic characterization of the cra1 mutant revealed only few significant changes, mainly related to cell wall metabolism. The most down-regulated gene in cra1 mutant encoded a Caffeic Acid O-Methyl Transferase, an enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis, and accordingly whole lignin content was decreased in cra1 roots. This correlated with differential accumulation of specific flavonoids and decreased polar auxin transport. The CRA1 gene may therefore control legume root architecture through regulation of lignin and flavonoid profiles leading to polar auxin transport changes. We also characterized Tnt1 insertional mutants identified in a screen done with Drs. Kyran Mysore and Tadege Million at the Noble Fundation (USA). The cra2 mutant notably shows a strong increase in lateral root density but no major defect in the development of their aerial parts. Cloning of the mutated gene through systematic sequencing of Tnt1 borders and segregation analyses is in progress. S06-004: THE ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS FORMATION IN POPLAR IS MEDIATED BY THE AINTEGUMENTA– LIKE TRANSCRIPTIONAL FACTORS Rigal, A.¹* - Tisserant, E. - Yordanov, Y.² - Busov, V.² - Martin, F.¹ - Legue, V.¹ - Kohler, A.¹ ¹INRA and Nancy University ²Michigan Technological University *Corresponding author e-mail: adeline.rigal@nancy.inra.fr Adventitious rooting (AR), i.e. regeneration and development of roots on any organ but not roots, is an essential step in the vegetative propagation of economically important horticultural and woody species. The formation of AR is a complex process that involves successive developmental phases including cell cycle re-activation, primordium formation and finally root emergence. These cellular events are regulated by unknown signalling mole-
Page 4: FESPB 2010 - XVII Congress of the F
Page 7 and 8: PLENAR SESSION LECTUR
Page 9 and 10: FESPB 2010 - XVII Congress of the F
Page 13 and 14: PARALL SESSION LECTUR
Page 25: FESPB 2010 - XVII Congress of the F
Page 39 and 40: POST 04 POSTERS • Environmental S
Page 77 and 78:
FESPB 2010 - XVII Congress of the F
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 206 and 207:
Author Index Aarts, M.G. S18-002 Ab
Page 208 and 209:
Cattivelli, L. P01-031 Cawly, J. P1
Page 210 and 211:
Gallego, B. P17-037 Gallego, P.P. P
Page 212 and 213:
Kersten, B. P10-017 Keskin, O. P05-
Page 214 and 215:
Miguel, C. S02-001, P01-122 Milhinh
Page 216 and 217:
Ramiro, M. P09-018 Ramon, M P13-002
Page 218 and 219:
Tanimoto, E. P01-045 Tarakanov, I.
show all

Book of Abstracts - Geyseco

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?