Santander, February 19th-22nd 2008 - Aranzadi

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186 GREG CAMPBELL Using measurements in the plane of commissure in preference to maximum external dimensions is recommended for oysters because they are more precisely correlated, consistently related to features of the shell, better preserved in archaeological shells and the same for either left or right valve. Since the ‘oval’ and ‘round’ archaeological shells also differed significantly in shell shape and hinge shape, they were genuinely different morphotypes. Since such differences seem to be ecophenotypic, it also seems probable that the archaeological morphotypes grew in different types of bed. The growth-steps in the oval oysters, showing they likely were moved from a range of growth conditions to a single habitat during life, probably indicated Roman oyster management. 7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks to Ben Ford at Oxford Archaeology, the excavation director, for permission to discuss the archaeological material, and to Dr. Sue Jones at WEMS and Nick Harvey at Havant Borough Council for supplying samples of modern oysters. Thanks also to the referees, whose comments greatly improved this paper. 8. BIBLIOGRAPHY BUCHANAN, W. F. 1985 “Middens and mussels, an archaeological enquiry”, South African Journal of Science, 81: 15–16. CAMPBELL, G. 2008 “Beyond means to meaning: using distributions of shell shapes to reconstruct past collecting strategies”, Environmental Archaeology, 13: 111–121. CARVAJAL-RODRIGUEZ, A., CONDE-PADIN, P. & ROLAN-ALVA- REZ, E. 2005 “Decomposing shell form into size and shape by geometric morphometric methods in two sympartic ecotypes of Littorina saxatilis”, Journal of Molluscan Studies, 71: 313–318. DYER, K. R. 1971 “The distribution and movement of sediment in the Solent, southern England”. Marine Geology, 11: 175–197. 1980 “Sedimentation and sediment transport”. In The Solent Estuarine System: An Assessment of Present Knowledge (NERC Publications Series C, 22): 20–24. FRANC, A. 1960 “Classe des Bivalves”. In: Grassé, P. P. (Ed.): Traité de Zoologie V, 2: Bryozoaires, Chétognathes, Pogonophores, Mollusques (Généralités, Aplacophores, Polyplacophores, Monoplacophores, Bivalves). Masson, Paris: 1185–2164. GALTSOFF, P. S. 1964 The American Oyster Crassostrea virginica Gmelin. Fishery Bulletin of the Fish and Wildlife Service 64. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D. C. GUNTER, G. 1938 “Comments on the shape, growth and quality of the American oyster”. Science, 88, 546–547. 1950 “The generic status of living oysters and the scientific name of the common American species”. American Midland Naturalist, 43: 438–449. HARRY, H. W. 1985 “Synopsis of the supraspecific classification of living oysters (Bivalvia, Gryphaeidae and Ostreidae)”. Veliger, 28: 121–158. HAUTMANN, M. 2004 “Early Mesozoic evolution of alivincular bivalve ligaments and its implications for the timing of the ‘Mesozoic marine revolution’”. Lethaia, 37: 65–172. JAMES, T. B. 1997 English Heritage Book of Winchester. Batsford, London. KENT, B. W. 1992 Making Dead Oysters Talk: Techniques for Analyzing Oysters from Archaeological Sites. Maryland Historical Trust, Crownsville, Maryland. McDONALD, J. H., SEED, R. & KOEHN, R. K. 1991 “Allozymes and morphometric characters of three species of Mytilus in the northern and southern Hemispheres”. Marine Biology, 111: 323–333. SEED, R. 1980 “Shell growth and form in the Bivalvia”. In: Rhoads, D. C. & Lutz, R. A. (Eds.): Skeletal Growth of Aquatic Organisms: Biological Records of Environmental Change. Plenum, New York: 23–67. SEILACHER, A., MATYJA, B. A. & WIERZBOWSKI, A. 1985 “Oyster beds: morphologic response to changing substrate conditions”. In: Sielacher, A. & Bayer, U. (Eds.): Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences 1: Sedimentary and Evolutionary Cycles. Springer-Verlag, Berlin: 421–435. SOKAL, R. R. & ROLPH, F. J. 1995 Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. Freeman, New York. STENZEL, H. B. 1971 “Oysters”. In: Moore, R. C. (Ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Palaeontology Part N(3): Mollusca 6 (Bivalvia). Geological Society of America, Lawrence, Kansas: 953–1218. TEBBLE, N. 1966 British Bivalve Seashells: A Handbook for Identification. British Museum (Natural History), London. TRUEMAN, E. R. 1951 “The structure, development and operation of the hinge ligament of Ostrea edulis”. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 92: 129–140. MUNIBE Suplemento - Gehigarria 31, 2010 S.C. Aranzadi. Z.E. Donostia/San Sebastián
Oysters ancient and modern: potential shape variation with habitat in flat oysters (Ostrea edulis L.), and its possible use in archaeology 187 VELEGRAKIS, A. 2000 “Geology, geomorphology and sediments of the Solent system”. In: Collins, M.B. & Ansell, K. (Eds.): Solent Science - A Review. Proceedings of Solent Science Conference, Southampton, 29 September 2000. Amsterdam, Elsevier: 21–43. WASELKOV, G. A. 1987 “Shellfish gathering and shell midden archaeology”. In: Schiffer, M. (Ed.): Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, 10: 93–172. WINDER, J. M. 1988 Oyster Shells from Owslebury, Hampshire. (English Heritage, English Heritage Ancient Monuments Laboratory Report 53/88) London. 1992 “The Oysters”. In: Horsey, I. P. (Ed.): Excavations in Poole 1973-1983 (Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society Monograph 10). Dorset Natural History & Archaeological Society, Dorchester: 194–200. YONGE, C. M. 1960 Oysters Collins (New Naturalist Monograph 18). London. MUNIBE Suplemento - Gehigarria 31, 2010 S.C. Aranzadi. Z.E. Donostia/San Sebastián
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SUPLEMENTO - GEHIGARRIA 31 Not only
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Not only Food. Marine, Terrestrial
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10 ESTEBAN ÁLVAREZ-FERNÁNDEZ, E.
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12 ESTEBAN ÁLVAREZ-FERNÁNDEZ, E.
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Not only Food. Marine, Terrestrial
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Radiocarbon dating of shell carbona
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Marine shell beads from the Gravett
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Upper Paleolithic ornament seashell
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38 ANTONIO J. RODRÍGUEZ-HIDALGO, A
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MUNIBE(Suplemento/Gehigarria) - nº
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The personal ornaments made from mo
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Magdalenian marine shells from El H
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From the Mediterranean sea to the S
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Shell beads in the Pre-Pottery Neol
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Lost in the mountains? Marine ornam
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102 JORGE MARTÍNEZ-MORENO, RAFAEL
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New data on Asturian shell midden s
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Analysis of malacofauna remains fro
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Shell as a raw material for tools a
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Shell as a raw material for tools a
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Malacological Material from Pezuapa
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Specialized Shell Object Production
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Molluscs as sedimentary components.
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The U.S. Freshwater Shell Button In
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