Santander, February 19th-22nd 2008 - Aranzadi

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222 EMILIANO R. MELGAR Figure 6. Stereoscopical comparison between experimentally drilled holes and archaeological ones: (a and b) using obsidian flakes; (c and d) using sand and reed; (e and f) edge made using obsidian flakes. re-used pendants also showed flanges because their cuts were not regularized. With the SEM, all cases revealed walls that were crossed by fine lines measuring about two µm resembling cuts made with obsidian flakes. Also, all of these traces are different if we compared them with other tools like powder of chert and reed or volcanic ash and reed (Fig. 7g-h). 4. DISCUSSION Based on this information, it is clear that a great diversity of tools and techniques was used to pierce and perforate the Oliva pendants, whose distribution did not influence the conformation of each string in the earliest offerings. This could be a result of different groups of artisans or workshops that produce them, perhaps without any control by the elite. In contrast, only the O. porphyria pendants were re-used and recycled for inlays and all exhibit cuts made with obsidian flakes. The homogeneity of this technique coincides with the existence of a centralized workshop located in the Acrópolis, where the remaining shell objects analyzed with stereoscopic microscopy and SEM reflect a noticeable standardisation of tools and techniques: shell was abraded with basalt, cut with obsidian flakes, and drilled with chert burins (Melgar 2007). MUNIBE Suplemento - Gehigarria 31, 2010 S.C. <strong>Aranzadi</strong>. Z.E. Donostia/San Sebastián
Manufacturing techniques of Oliva pendants at Xochicalco (Morelos, México) 223 Figure 7. SEM comparisons between experimentally drilled holes and archaeological ones: (a and b) using sand and reed; (c and d) using obsidian flakes; (e and f) using chert burins; (g) using powder of chert, (h) and using volcanic ash with reed. MUNIBE Suplemento - Gehigarria 31, 2010 S.C. <strong>Aranzadi</strong>. Z.E. Donostia/San Sebastián
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SUPLEMENTO - GEHIGARRIA 31 Not only
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Not only Food. Marine, Terrestrial
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10 ESTEBAN ÁLVAREZ-FERNÁNDEZ, E.
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12 ESTEBAN ÁLVAREZ-FERNÁNDEZ, E.
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Not only Food. Marine, Terrestrial
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Radiocarbon dating of shell carbona
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20 KATERINA DOUKA, THOMAS F. G. HIG
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Marine shell beads from the Gravett
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30 CRISTINA SAN JUAN-FOUCHER & PASC
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Upper Paleolithic ornament seashell
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38 ANTONIO J. RODRÍGUEZ-HIDALGO, A
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MUNIBE(Suplemento/Gehigarria) - nº
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The personal ornaments made from mo
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Magdalenian marine shells from El H
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60 MIGUEL ÁNGEL FANO & ESTEBAN ÁL
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From the Mediterranean sea to the S
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Archaeomalacological remains from t
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Shell beads in the Pre-Pottery Neol
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Lost in the mountains? Marine ornam
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102 JORGE MARTÍNEZ-MORENO, RAFAEL
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New data on Asturian shell midden s
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112 F. IGOR GUTIÉRREZ & MANUEL GON
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Analysis of malacofauna remains fro
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Shell as a raw material for tools a
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3100 138-145 000-000 DONOSTIA-SAN S
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The use of marine shell in Cingle V
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Technology, production and use of m
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Archaeomalacological Data from the
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158 ALFREDO CARANNANTE The aim of t
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160 ALFREDO CARANNANTE we exclude s
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162 ALFREDO CARANNANTE Other common
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164 ALFREDO CARANNANTE The use of t
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166 ALFREDO CARANNANTE 13. ACKNOWLE
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More than food: beads and shell too
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170 RUTH MAICAS & AIXA VIDAL ved, s
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Of Shell and Sand: Coastal Habitat
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274 ISABEL C. RIVERA-COLLAZO the an
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276 ISABEL C. RIVERA-COLLAZO Figure
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278 ISABEL C. RIVERA-COLLAZO BIVALV
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280 ISABEL C. RIVERA-COLLAZO GASTRO
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282 ISABEL C. RIVERA-COLLAZO clypea
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Molluscs as sedimentary components.
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The U.S. Freshwater Shell Button In
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Santander, February 19th-22nd 2008 - Aranzadi

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