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) Take two or three cores at each site to cover fine-scale variability.
c) Preserve samples onboard the vessel / analyse various
parameters (e.g., immediately dry samples for organic carbon
determination; sample pore water in cold-room conditions, using a
glove box and an inert gas atmosphere).
IV. Laboratory test and modelling using the above parameters
5. Instruments and Methods used in the Peru Basin
The following is a list of the major instruments and methods used
for the investigations:
?? Conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) instrument (Seabird) with
rosette water sampler (Niskin bottles)
?? Hydrosweep swath-mapping system
?? Parasound sediment echo sounder (4 kHz)
?? Deep-towed side-scan sonar (operating frequency 59 kHz)
?? Deep-towed photo/video sledge (3 m distance to seafloor, real-time
video transmission, glass fibre cable)
?? Surface sampling:
o Box corer (Reineck-type) (50 by 50 by 50 cm)
o Multicorer (40x10cm, excellent quality)
o Maxicorer (50x30 cm, good quality)
?? Long corers:
o Piston corer (Kullenberg-type), diameter: 9, resp. 11 cm, length
up to 20 m
o Gravity corer: 5-10 m length
?? Core-logger (Geotek) (density, primary wave [P wave] velocity,
magnetic susceptibility)
?? Geochemical composition of sediments by X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
/ X-ray diffraction (XRD)
?? Carbonate content via volumetrically determined CO2 (also using
pressure sensor) from reaction with HCl
?? Organic carbon with Leco furnace
?? Pore-water sampling (cold room, under inert gas [O2-free], inert
storing bottles) (O2, NO3, NH4, SO4, H2S, PO4, SiO2, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu,
Pb, Ti, Cd, Mo, V, As)
o Dissolved nutrient-type ions measured photometrically
o Heavy metals determined voltametrically
INTERNATIONAL SEABED AUTHORITY 157