07.03.2014 Views

standardization of environmental data and information - International ...

standardization of environmental data and information - International ...

standardization of environmental data and information - International ...

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

?? The abundance <strong>data</strong> from the photographs were compared with<br />

those from the FFG samplers to derive a correction factor for the<br />

FFG sampling <strong>data</strong>.<br />

Correction formula used to estimate abundance:<br />

Y = 1.3 ? X<br />

Y: bottom abundance (C. Ab. <strong>of</strong> FFG sample)<br />

X: sample abundance (Ab. <strong>of</strong> FFG sample)<br />

The constant was 1.3, the mean <strong>of</strong> 1.29 <strong>and</strong> 1.31 in 1994.<br />

4.2. Nodule tonnage<br />

4.2.1. Average nodule abundance at each station<br />

?? Arithmetic means <strong>of</strong> the nodule abundance at the 4 or 5 sampling<br />

sites were calculated.<br />

?? Abundance figures were corrected for each site.<br />

?? Average abundance includes null abundance <strong>and</strong> abundance when<br />

no analysis was available.<br />

4.2.2. Total nodule tonnage in each sector<br />

1) To estimate the abundance <strong>of</strong> manganese nodules in an area, we<br />

delineated a cell at intervals <strong>of</strong> ten minutes centred on each station,<br />

then multiplied the average density <strong>of</strong> nodule abundance <strong>of</strong> stations<br />

in the cell by the cell area, using Universal Transverse Mercator<br />

(UTM) coordinates.<br />

2) Another method, without delineating a cell, is to multiply the total<br />

area <strong>of</strong> a sector by the nodule abundance or the average <strong>of</strong><br />

abundance density at each station.<br />

3) Variogram analysis can be used to estimate abundance. However,<br />

confidence in the results is low, because the spacing is so far apart.<br />

Total amounts <strong>of</strong> nodules estimated by methods 1 <strong>and</strong> 2 show few<br />

discrepancies.<br />

4) Metal tonnage:<br />

?? Samples from each station were selected. The coverage, shape<br />

<strong>and</strong> size distribution <strong>of</strong> nodules were analysed. A nodule was<br />

246<br />

INTERNATIONAL SEABED AUTHORITY

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!