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WHAT ARE BIOFUELS?
Derived from cereals, sugar beets (ethanol and its ETBE derivative), or oilseeds such as rapeseed or
soybeans (in the case of biodiesels), biofuels are exceptionally well suited to combating the
greenhouse effect. They reduce emissions of pollutants such as particulates and, by their very nature,
prevent an increase in carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere, since the plants from which they
are made trap atmospheric CO 2 through photosynthesis. Biofuels are therefore fully renewable
energies, although their production cost remains high.
SERVICE FLEETS:
PSA PEUGEOT CITROËN
LEADS THE WAY
The European Commission has
specified that by 2020, 20% of
automotive fuels must contain
products of plant origin.
PSA Peugeot Citroën is already
setting an example in meeting this
goal by encouraging its service fleet
to run on biofuels. For example, 82%
of the diesel fleet at the Sochaux
plant—or close to 58% of the entire
service fleet—ran on biofuel in 2002.
Consisting of 30% vegetable oil
methyl ester and 70% diesel, the
fuel is already richer in plant matter
than required by EU legislation.
The Sochaux plant used 330,000
liters of Diester ® in 2002. It intends
to maintain this level in 2003, since
the fuel has a favorable net impact
on the environment and is suitable
for use in conventional internal
combustion engines, which still
power most of the fleet.
aftertreatment system that eliminates
emissions of particulate matter, is now
available on the Peugeot 307, 406, 607
and 807 and the Citroën C5 and C8.
The particle filter has been a popular
success since it was introduced in May
2000, and is already installed on 400,000
diesel vehicles. By 2005, one million
particle filter-equipped vehicles will be
marketed a year. Already in 2003,
PSA Peugeot Citroën is offering filterequipped
vehicles compliant with the
stricter Euro IV emissions standards
scheduled for application in 2005.
The particle filter has also won a number
of awards, including four in 2001. In
2002, Italy’s Quattroruote automotive
magazine presented its Environment Prize
to the filter-equipped Peugeot 607.
PROMOTING BIOFUELS
Another way to attenuate vehicle CO 2
emissions is through the efficient use of
alternative energies and new propulsion
technologies. A pioneer in the field,
PSA Peugeot Citroën is strongly committed
to promoting biofuels that can be used in
diesel or gasoline engines. Biodiesels, such
BIODIESEL PERFORMANCE
as the Group’s trademarked Diester ® , consist
of vegetable oil methyl esters (VOMEs)
blended with automotive diesel fuel, while
ethanol or its derivative ethyl tertiary butyl
ether (ETBE) is used with gasoline.
These biofuels can be used directly in any
Peugeot or Citroën vehicle, without any
technical modifications. In this way, the
Group’s service fleet is encouraged to run
on Diester ® 30, a fuel combining 30%
VOME and 70% automotive diesel that
reduces CO 2 emissions by 18% and particle
emissions by up to 22% in comparison
with ordinary diesel fuel. What’s more,
Diester ® 30 lubricates the engine system
more efficiently, enhances protection from
injection system wear, and ensures smoother
operation of catalytic converters.
PSA Peugeot Citroën also supports the
development of biofuels by validating
potential applications under local energy
policies. It regularly shares its experience as
a carmaker by taking part in discussions on
the technical, business and political issues
raised by biofuels.
30% VOME Diester® 100% VOME Diester®
Engine Precombustion Naturally HDI Precombustion Naturally HDI
technology chamber aspirated chamber aspirated
Reduction in
particle emissions -9% -22% -22% -35% -60% -46%
Reduction in
CO 2 emissions -18% -60%
PSA PEUGEOT CITROËN - MANAGING BOARD REPORT 75