RenewableS 2013 GlObal STaTUS RePORT - REN21

TABLE R16. CITY AND LOCAL RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICIES: SELECTED EXAMPLES (Continued)
Urban Planning
Glasgow, Scotland, U.K.
Hong Kong, China
Malmö, Sweden
Seoul, South Korea
Sydney, Australia
Vancouver, BC, Canada
Yokohama, Japan
”Sustainable Glasglow” aims for a 30% reduction in CO 2
by 2020 (base 2006) and
breaks down emission reduction targets as follows: combined heat and power/
district heating: 9%; biomass: 2%; biogas and waste: 6%; other renewable energy:
3%; transport: 3%; fuel switching: 3%; and energy management systems: 6%. The
plan includes: all new buildings must access their heating from the district heating
system or propose a lower carbon alternative; 76 GWh of annual wind generation;
and fiscal incentives for low-carbon transport (biogas/EVs).
Target to become China’s “greenest region.” Strategy includes: limit the contribution
of coal to less than 10% of the electricity generation mix by 2020, and
phase out existing coal plants by 2020–2030; invest in construction/operation of
district cooling infrastructure to use seawater; meet power demand of 100,000
households with biogas (from landfill and waste water) by 2020; install SWH on all
government buildings and swimming pools; install wind turbines to meet 1–2%
of total electricity demand by 2020; and achieve E10 and B10 by 2020. Also,
raise awareness through: PV arrays on government buildings; website to provide
information on renewable energy technology suitable for use in Hong Kong; and
news/events, educational resources, and information on suppliers of renewable
energy equipment in Hong Kong.
”Climate Neutral by 2020” outlines a plan to transform the energy mix to mainly
solar, wind, hydro, and biogas. The city also targets a decrease in per capita
energy consumption of 20% by 2020 (baseline: average annual use during the
period of 2001 to 2005). Key strategies include: expansion of district heating and
cooling; development of 100% renewable energy districts; replacement of older
vehicles with 100% ”green fleet”; and deployment of EV infrastructure.
By 2030, Seoul targets: 20% total energy from renewables; 20% reduction in
energy consumption; 40% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (base 1990);
1 million new green jobs by promoting 10 green technologies, including solar
cells, waste recovery, and green buildings. To foster a domestic market, Seoul is
providing, among other things: seed funding; capital loans; trust guarantees to
small-to medium-sized businesses; USD 100 million investment (USD 20,000 per
technology/year) in R&D by 2030; and support for overseas marketing.
“Sustainable Sydney 2030” outlines how the city can significantly reduce greenhouse
gas emissions and take a holistic approach to planning. It targets a 70%
reduction in emissions from 2006 levels by 2030 and a 25% renewable share of
electricity by 2020. The city’s master plan will identify 15 “low-carbon zones” to
be powered by biogas trigeneration plants; the development of a decentralised
generation, transmission, and distribution network (infrastructure) to deliver
power/heat/cooling with (bio) gas; a target for 360 MW of electric capacity from
trigeneration using biogas by 2030; and 11 ”energy-plus” buildings in Central
Park.
“Greenest City 2020” is an action plan to achieve goals of zero carbon, zero waste,
and healthy ecosystems by 2020. It consists of 10 smaller plans, each with a
long-term goal and 2020 targets including: a carbon-neutral target for all buildings
constructed from 2020 onward; financial incentives for the installation of SWH; EV
charging stations in buildings; and a target to double the number of green jobs by
2020 (over 2010 levels).
“Yokohama Energy Vision” targets buildings, EVs, solar PV, wind, biomass, biogas,
and SWH to reduce greenhouse gas emissions more than 30% per person by
2020, and more than 80% by 2050 (base 1990). Includes mid-term targets: 1,300
EVs, 4,000 smart meters, and 4,400 solar power systems deployed by 2013; subsidies
for SWH installations and EV purchases; low-interest loans for renewables
and energy efficiency; and a pilot, Yokohama Smart City Project.
Source: See Endnote 16 for this section.
Renewables 2013 Global Status Report
121