RenewableS 2013 GlObal STaTUS RePORT - REN21

ENDNOTES 02 MARKET AND INDUSTRY TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY – Wind Power
Wind Power
1 A total of 44,799 MW was added in 2012, bringing the year-end
total to 282,587 MW, according to Global Wind Energy Council
(GWEC), Global Wind Report – Annual Market Update 2012
(Brussels: April 2013); 44,951 MW added for total of 285,761
MW from Navigant’s BTM Consult, International Wind Energy
Development: World Market Update 2012 (Copenhagen: March
2013); 44,712 MW added from C. Ender, “Wind Energy Use in
Germany – Status 31.12.2012,” DEWI Magazine (German Wind
Energy Institute), February 2013, p. 31. Up 19% (18.7%) based
on data for 2011 and 2012 from GWEC, op. cit. this note, and from
Navigant’s BTM Consult, op. cit. this note. Figure 18 based on
GWEC, op. cit. this note, and on Navigant’s BTM Consult, op. cit.
this note.
2 Key markets with policy uncertainty included the United States,
Europe (Spain, Italy, France, Portugal, the U.K.), Asia (India,
Japan), and Australia.
3 Estimate of 86% based on GWEC, op. cit. note 1, and on
Navigant’s BTM Consult, op. cit. note 1.
4 Figures of 44, 64, and 24 countries from GWEC, op. cit. note
1; 24 also from Navigant’s BTM Consult, op. cit. note 1. The 24
countries include 15 in Europe, four in the Americas, three in Asia,
plus Australia and Turkey. Note that GWEC has 79 countries in its
database, per GWEC, personal communication with REN21, April
2013, and that there are 100 countries or regions with wind power
capacity, per World Wind Energy Association (WWEA), World Wind
Energy Report 2012 (Brussels: May 2013).
5 Estimate of 24.9% from Navigant’s BTM Consult, op. cit. note 1;
24.7% from GWEC, op. cit. note 1.
6 GWEC, op. cit. note 1.
7 The United States added 13,131 MW, per American Wind
Energy Association (AWEA), “AWEA U.S. Wind Industry Annual
Market Report, Year Ending 2012” (Washington, DC: April 2013),
Executive Summary. It was followed by China (12,960 MW),
Germany (2,415 MW), India (2,336 MW), and the United Kingdom
(1,897 MW), per GWEC, op. cit. note 1, and Navigant’s BTM
Consult, op. cit. note 1. Note that data from both sources agree for
all countries except the U.K., which added 1,958 MW according to
Navigant’s BTM Consult.
8 Additions were Italy (1,273 MW), Spain (1,122 MW), Brazil (1,077
MW), Canada (935 MW), and Romania (923 MW), per GWEC, op.
cit. note 1. Rankings are the same with only slight differences
in added capacity, per Navigant’s BTM Consult, op. cit. note 1.
Mexico was in the top 10 according to WWEA, op. cit. note 4.
9 Share of the global market was 26.6% and share of total global
capacity was 37.5%, based on data from GWEC, op. cit. note 1;
share of global market was 28.5% and share of the global total
was 38.5%, based on data from Navigant’s BTM Consult, op. cit.
note 1.
10 AWEA, op. cit. note 7. Figure 19 based on various sources
throughout this section.
11 The United States added 13,131 MW in 2012, according to AWEA,
op. cit. note 7; 6.8 MW were added in 2011, per AWEA, “Annual
industry report preview: supply chain, penetration grow,” Wind
Energy Weekly, 30 March 2012.
12 Vince Font, “AWEA Reports 2012 the Strongest Year on
Record for U.S. Wind Energy, Continues Success Uncertainty,”
RenewableEnergyWorld.com, 23 October 2012.
13 Wind accounted for more than 45% of U.S. electric capacity
additions in 2012 (based on 12,799 MW of wind capacity added),
per U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), “Wind Industry
Brings Almost 5,400 MW of Capacity Online in December 2012,”
www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/update/?scr=email, viewed 25
April 2013. Wind was nearly 41% and natural gas accounted for
33% of U.S. capacity additions in 2012, based on data from U.S.
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Office of Energy Projects,
“Energy Infrastructure Update for December 2012” (Washington,
DC: 2013). Wind accounted for 42% (based on preliminary 13,124
MW added), according to AWEA, “4Q report: Wind energy top
source for new generation in 2012; American wind power installed
new record of 13,124 MW,” Wind Energy Weekly, 1 February 2013.
The United States ended 2012 with 60,007 MW, per AWEA, op.
cit. note 7.
14 Texas added 1,826 MW, followed by California (1,656 MW),
Kansas (1,440 MW), Oklahoma (1,127 MW), and Illinois (823 MW),
per AWEA, “4Q report..,” op. cit. note 13; more than 12 GW in
Texas and 15 states from AWEA, op. cit. note 7.
15 China added an estimated 12,960 MW of capacity in 2012, from
Chinese Wind Energy Association (CWEA), with data provided
by Shi Pengfei, personal communication with REN21, 14 March
2013; from GWEC, op. cit. note 1; and from Navigant’s BTM
Consult, op. cit. note 1. Note that 15,780 MW of capacity was
brought into operation (including capacity previously installed),
per China Electricity Council, with data provided by Pengfei, op.
cit this note. Share of world market was about 27% in 2012, down
from 43% in 2011 and 49.5% in 2010, per GWEC, op. cit. note 1.
Decline relative to 2009–2011 based on data from GWEC, op. cit.
note 1.
16 Shruti Shukla, GWEC, personal communication with REN21, 13
February 2013; Zoë Casey, “The Wind Energy Dragon Gathers
Speed,” Wind Directions, June 2012, pp. 32, 34.
17 CWEA, op. cit. note 15.
18 Figure of 75,324 MW installed by year-end from GWEC, op.
cit. note 1, and from CWEA, op. cit. note 15. About 14.5 GW of
installed capacity was not yet officially operating at year’s end,
based on data from CWEA and from China Electricity Council,
provided by Pengfei, op. cit. note 15; most of the capacity added
in 2012 was feeding the grid, per Steve Sawyer, GWEC, personal
communication with REN21, 2 April 2013. Note that the process
of finalising the test phase and getting a commercial contract with
the system operator takes time, accounting for delays in reporting.
The difference is explained by the fact there are three prevailing
statistics in China: installed capacity (turbines installed according
to commercial contracts); construction capacity (constructed
and connected to grid for testing); and operational capacity
(connected, tested, and receiving tariff for electricity produced).
Liming Qiao, GWEC, personal communication with REN21, 26
April 2013.
19 Figures of 100.4% and 37%, and exceeding nuclear from China
Electricity Council, provided by Pengfei, op. cit. note 15.
20 CWEA, op. cit. note 15; 14 with more than 1 GW from GWEC, op.
cit. note 1.
21 The EU added 11,895 MW for a total of 106,041 MW, from
European Wind Energy Association (EWEA), Wind in Power:
2012 European Statistics (Brussels: February 2013); new record
from GWEC, “Release of Global Wind Statistics: China, US vie for
market leader position at just over 13 GW of new capacity each”
(Brussels: 11 February 2013). All of Europe added 12,744 MW for
a total of 109,581 MW, from EWEA, op. cit. this note. Accounting
for closings and repowering, the EU’s net capacity increase was
lower, per idem.
22 EWEA, op. cit. note 21. Wind’s share of capacity added was up
from 21.4% in 2011, and its share of total electric generating
capacity in 2012 was up from 2.2% in 2000 and 10.4% in 2011.
23 NREAP targets for end-2012 totaled 107.6 GW, from EWEA, op.
cit. note 21, and from Shruti Shukla, GWEC, personal communication
with REN21, 13 February 2013. Market in 2012 does not
reflect growing uncertainty because most capacity was previously
permitted and financed, per EWEA, op. cit. note 21.
24 Some emerging markets are spurred by rapid increases in
electricity demand, a desire for independence from Russian
gas, good wind resources, and new support policies, from Tildy
Bayar, “Can Emerging Wind Markets Compensate for Stagnating
European Growth?” RenewableEnergyWorld.com, 25 January
2013, and from EWEA, “Eastern Winds: Emerging European
Wind Power Markets” (Brussels: February 2013); challenges from
Steve Sawyer, GWEC, personal communication with REN21, 4
September 2012.
25 Germany installed 2,415 MW in 2012, EWEA, op. cit. note 21;
year-end total of 31,315 MW (31,035 MW onshore plus 280 MW
offshore) and highest additions since 2002 or 2003 based on
data from German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature
Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU), “Renewable Energy
Sources 2012,” data from Working Group on Renewable Energy-
Statistics (AGEE-Stat), provisional data (Berlin: 28 February 2013),
p. 18. Much of the capacity added was for repowering: 1,433 MW
of new turbines replaced 626 MW of old ones, per “German wind
sector strong again in 2012,” RenewablesInternational.net, 1
February 2012.
26 The United Kingdom added 1,897 MW (854 MW offshore) for
a total of 8,445 MW, from EWEA, op. cit. note 21, and from
GWEC, op. cit. note 1. It added 1,958 MW for a total of 9,113 MW,
according to Navigant’s BTM Consult, op. cit. note 1.
27 Italy added 1,273 MW for a total of 8,144 MW; Spain added 1,122
MW for a total of 22,796 MW; Romania added 923 MW for a total
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