American Cryptology during the Cold War - The Black Vault

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Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 34. Hoover Commission Report(VI.C.1.8.); ~NSA Review of U.S. Cryptologic Effort...." (VI.EE.1.3.); Robert J. Watson, ~Consurner Liaison Units,1949-19!>7" April 1957, ACC 10684, CBRI 52; and ~AFSS-NSA Relations, October 1952-September 1954," V. I, USAFSS Official History available at Hq AlA, Kelly AFB, SanAntonio, Tx. 35.1 I~EarlY BOURB
Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 TOP sECRET OMBRA - 58. Howe, "Narrative History."; CCH Series VI.H.H;12.1l; "AFSS-NSA Relations, October 1952-September 1954, V. I, available at Hq AlA, Kelly AFB, Texas. 59. NSACSS Archives ACC 37911, H03-0305~2; interview with Milton Zaslow, 14 May 1993, by Charles Baker and Tom Johnson, NSA OH 17- 93; interview with Louis Tordella, 28 June 1990, by Charles Baker and Tom Johnson, NSA OH 8-90. Ib) (1) Ib) (3) OGA 60. See Ray S. Cline, The CIA un~r Reagan, Bush and Casey (Washington, D.C.: Acropolis Books, 1981), 78; Robert L. Benson, "A History/of U.S. Communications Intelligence During Wodd War II: Policy and Administration," CCH manuscript pending publication, Chapt II, 14.;1 I, Donovan and the CIA (Washington, D.C.: CIA,1981). 61. See Benson, "History"; interview with Oliver R. Kirby, 11 June 1993, by Charles Baker, Guy Vanderpool, ~ ~Vid H,w., NSA OH 20-93. ~; ....=A.·.·.H..·i..S.·.tory.OfSIGlN'r.in.the.?entral.ln.tel..l..i..gen..'" Age• ."., 1947-1\..70," Vol IV, App. M.; CIA history staff. ~::.:....;;;.:;:.:.::..::.::=...:r:.::o:.:;le:..::in.:..;;:C.;;:O:.:;M:.:;I:.:.N.:.;T:....::is;:.,c~o:.;v.::e:.:re:.::d:..;i:::L__....t.:====L.:.::"::'==;;;:";=:"::=i:.:.oI,b~~~_--:-~ pril1974; and in 64. Interview with Frank Rowlett, variousdates, by Henry F. Schorreck andl jNSA OH 14-81. 65. Interview with Louis W. Tordella, 28 June 1990, by Charles Baker and Tom Johnson, NSA OH 8-90. 66. Summary ofCIA contributions to COMINT, 1975, in NSACSS Archives, ACC 27845Z, CBDC .53. 67. Undated memo in NSNCSS Archives, ACC 19168, H20-01ll-5. 1\ 71 f101 II. 72 fI01. II; NSACSS Archives, ACC 9136, G11-0602-1; ACC 3042, G15-0508·4; ACC 9136, CBIB 26; Capt George P. McGmms, "The HiStory ofApplesauce," Spectrum, Winter 1973,9-13. 73. See NARA, ~G 457, SRH- 355. ~-------- 76.1 tnterview; Sinkov interview; Tordella inte~lew. 771 1"---- -----..--__ ·Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3) -18 USC 798 Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 HANDLE VIA TALENT KEYHOLE COMINT C STEMS JOINTLY NOT RELEA OREIGN NATIONALS 152
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NO. 90,3 UNITED STATES CRYPTOLOGIC
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'fOP !!(:FU!T tlM81b\ UNITED STATES
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.§ Ib) (1) .~; Ib) (3) -50 USC 403
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'fap SECRIiTjJ.MB'1t4 The Reorganiz
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fepSEeRET~ Non - Responsive IOP3EeR
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T6'5ECRET~ Non - Responsive iii A ;
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TOPSEeRE~ American History, 1775-19
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'(b) (3) -P.L. 86-36 TOP SECAr, tJM
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--------------~ - - - -- - - TOp Si
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Tap SECRET~RA One other wartime acc
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TOP5iCRET~ exacted revenge over a p
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lap 5fEftf'f ~BRA order to tighten
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1'011 S!CRET~ Government offices on
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Te"S!CREI~ were to continue to trai
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:rep 'I!!!CRE I U~RA Rowlett and Wi
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:rep Sl!eREru~ cryptanalysts, Lieut
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liaison office had maintained an of
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 ..tOP §EERI!T~
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~PSEeREr~ Rear Admiral Earl E. Ston
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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Analytic section, Arlington Hall St
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lOP 5I!CREfij~RA Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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George A. Brownell The Brownell Com
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fe, 5EEREf UMBRA KOREA Ithas become
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OPSECREi tJM8itA to sink or swim on
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TOP SECRET liMBItA dramatic switch
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T9P SECRET liMBIbIc When the ROK ar
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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op SECRET l::JMBRA However, encount
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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lap SECRET l:JMBRA In early 1952 mu
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TOP SECRETtJMBItA The AFSA Factor O
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
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lOP SIiEAET l::JMBRA Ib) (3) -P.L.
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
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and he might have failed had he com
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Table 2
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--------------- - -- In 1953 a comm
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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Canine continued to strengthen the
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~RA Arlington Hall and Nebraska Ave
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itselfwas established concluded tha
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hammered out an agreement which res
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Canine thought that Navy COMINTwas
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ofhis term as DIRNSA, it was rumore
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leap SECRET tJMBkA system, oversigh
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) OGA lOP SECRET '='M
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 (3) -P.
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(3)-50 USC 403 (3)-18 USC 798 Ii:!"
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-------- ( 1) (3)-50 USC 403 (3)-18
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-------- (b) (1) (b) (3) OGA (1) (3
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Page 118 and 119: Ib) (1) Ib) (3) OGA Just\V~atwa~ la
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Page 122 and 123: Dulles was interested in HUMINT and
Page 124 and 125: the theater and on to the United St
Page 126 and 127: Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ibl(3)-
Page 128 and 129: \ \ ( 1) (3)-50 USC 403 (3) -P.L. 8
Page 130 and 131: ( 1) (3)-50 USC 403 (3) -P.L. 86-36
Page 132 and 133: \ ~ ( 1) (3)-50 USC 403 3) -P.L. 86
Page 134 and 135: ------- ----j
Page 136 and 137: ------- /
Page 138 and 139: OGA ( 1) ( 1) (3)-50 USC 403 (3) -P
Page 140 and 141: - -------- ~-
Page 142 and 143: -------- (1) Ib) (3)
Page 144 and 145: ( 1) (3)-50 USC 403 3) -P.L. 86-36
Page 146 and 147: ASA PAC in the 1940s ASA's first p(
Page 148 and 149: ~U~RA rather than to support tactic
Page 150 and 151: Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
Page 152 and 153: The Navy site on AdakIsland in the
Page 154 and 155: All services showed an interest in
Page 156 and 157: intelligence collection. The best k
Page 158 and 159: Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 (3) -P.
Page 160 and 161: RC·130 Then disaster struck. On 2
Page 162 and 163: Dulles protested the SOviet attitud
Page 164 and 165: During the Oval Office review ofthe
Page 168 and 169: Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 81. David Kahn,
Page 170 and 171: Hb) (3) -P.L. 86-36 119. ~A Chronol
Page 172 and 173: Truman administration also saw the
Page 174 and 175: (b) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
Page 176 and 177: -TOP SECRET tJMBRA A second outside
Page 178 and 179: The next lead was a 1948 translatio
Page 180 and 181: Kim Philby strikes a smug pose duri
Page 182 and 183: cryptanalytic effort was gargantuan
Page 184 and 185: J.... .....,jl Printer seemed to be
Page 186 and 187: TOP SEcQriT liMBRA - (b) (1) (b)(3)
Page 188 and 189: Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) 3)-
Page 190 and 191: Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
Page 192 and 193: Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
Page 194 and 195: TOP SErBi; ~MB~ - suggested by the
Page 196: -- - I :(1) (3)-50 USC 403 (3) -P.L
Page 199 and 200: Project. 54 Then, two years later,
Page 201 and 202: TRACKING SUBMARINES - THE STORY OF
Page 203 and 204: (1) Ib) (3)-50 USC 4 Ib) (3) -18 US
Page 205 and 206: .Jf'lb) (3) -P.L. 86-36 . .... ,."
Page 207 and 208: .' Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 ~~RA 65. NSN
Page 209 and 210: The American Navy Bombe ANavy WAVE
Page 211 and 212: Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 The relationshi
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Page 215 and 216: The best general-purpose computer i
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HARVEST worked after a fashion and
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The message went via HF single side
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
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~~ A bank ofKW·26s installed in NS
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Paper codes were archaic solutions
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The Early Years ofSecure Speech Voi
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But his memo did not actually estab
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AFSAM-7 Several different systems,
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -18 USC 798 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Thus wa
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Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 36. "NSA Review
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Chapter 6 Cryptology at Mid-decade
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the country, equipped with the fine
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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ecommended special decentralization
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The basic ground rule was that the
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was uninhabited, but was near a maj
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- _ .. - ------ It began with an in
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Fort Meade would be regarded as a P
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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Chapter 7 The Eisenhower Reforms TH
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Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 The new NSCID m
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But this, said Baker, was not the w
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Ib) (3)
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) OGA a special study
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Ib) (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 Ib) (3)
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In that year, NSAEUR, over the stre
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------- / (1) Ib) (3) -50 USC 403 I
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Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 f9P SEeRE i ~BR
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--------------~~~~ concerns that NS
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competent authority...." Other comp
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Beginning in 1939, a series ofmagaz
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Entirely apart from the well-known
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The Petersen Case (b) (6) Joseph Sy
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Martin and Mitchell duringtheir pre
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equired considerable planning, and
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Ib) (3) -P.L. 86-36 ~U~RA 8. Davids
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64. Ibid. 65. Ibid. 66. Ibid. 67. I
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American Cryptology during the Cold War - The Black Vault

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