Handbook for Bridge Inspections - TSP2

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9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND Example 9.1-12 As a result of erosion some of the concrete blocks on the front of an abutment pier have started to sl ip. Settlement and holes have appeared in the infill behind the abutment pier which in turn has an effect on traffic safety. Type of Damage: 103 Scouring/erosion of river course Degree of Damage & Conseq uences: 4T Cause of Damage: 38 Faul ty Construction Procedures: Temporarily repair by immediately infilling with material and later permanently by installing a relief plate against the back wall. Example 9.1-13 A small amount of erosion under an abutment pier due to lack of attention being paid during the planning phase to the draining away ofwaler. Type of Damage: 103 Scouring/erosion of rive r course Degree of Damage & Consequences: 1M Cause of Damage: 13 Poor design solutions Procedures: None Example 9.1-14 Erosion has started under an abutmenl pier because insufficient attention has been paid during the construction phase to draining water from the roadway. Ma intenance costs may be affected if the erosion is allowed to develop. Type of Damage: 103 Scouring/erosion of river course Degree of Damage & Consequences: 2M Cause of Damage: 38 Faulty Construction Procedures: Replacement of ballast materials, improvements to the drainage system and protection against surface erosion. To be carried oul within 5 years.
9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND Example 9.1 -15: Erosion on the front of an abutment pi er has caused some of the concrete blocks to start sl ipp ing out of place. \ Type of Damage: 103 Scouring/erosion of ri ver course Degree of Damage & Conseq uences: 2.\1 Cause of Damage: 38 Faulty Construction Procedu res: Improvements to the drainage system, infi ll ing underneath the flagstones and relaying the flagsta· nes. To be carried oul within 5 years.
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Norwegian Public Roads Administrati
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Copyright Copyright © 2000-01-1 2
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Foreword Inspections of hridges are
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5.4 Damage Eva luation 5.4.1 Primar
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9.3.8 9.3.9 9.3. 10 9.3. 11 9.4 Sto
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1. Inspection of Bridges Guidel ine
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2 TERMINOLOGY Location System 2.1 T
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Hangers / ® ® 23456189 Suspension
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Figure 2. 1-9: Example of a Reflecl
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3 Planning of Inspection Planning P
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3.5 Inspection Resources and Safety
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4. Inspection Tools & Access Equipm
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4.1.3 Inspection Tools for General
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4.1 .5 Inspection Tools for Special
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The site conditions may decide whic
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king load capacity of at least 300
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Work Diagram for Bridge Lift ,....
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When inspecting suspension bridges,
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Suspended Working Platform Also sus
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5 Damage Evaluation Fundamentals 5.
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207 Leakage/dampness of concrete el
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501 Settlement of timber element
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809 Olher damage to the drain syste
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These effects are presented in orde
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The Development o f Damage It is im
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Whatever types of damage are observ
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5.6 Cause(s) of Damage The most com
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49 Other insufficient maintenance 5
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6 Carrying out Inspections Ba sis o
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o Fig ure 6.1- 1: Honeycombing * Ho
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6.2.2 Visual Checking The visual in
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Stone Elements • Serious settleme
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Parapets * Deformation due to traff
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• Damage to slope protection •
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• Cracks in timber members • Sp
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• Discoloration • Loose or lack
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load Bearing Cables • Broken stra
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* Damage to the surface treatment F
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Stone Elements Steel Elements Timbe
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6.8 Maintenance Measures - Extent o
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7 Surveys, Materials Tests & Instru
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All the measurements and materials
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Procedures Scope Equipment The thi
Page 90 and 91: Procedures Scope Sag is measured us
Page 92 and 93: grouting gun pushed all the way to
Page 94 and 95: 7.3.2 Measuring the Depth of Carbon
Page 96 and 97: * The density of the concrete in re
Page 98 and 99: Any dust should be extracted using
Page 100 and 101: Completion Surveys & Major Inspecti
Page 102 and 103: • Homogeneity of the binding agen
Page 104 and 105: Procedures In most cases it is suff
Page 106 and 107: Figure 7.3-17 E.wmpleQJRlIsl Level
Page 108 and 109: " ~ ~ ~ • E E u B ~ ~ u '" ~ 0
Page 110 and 111: Superstructure Surfaces most expose
Page 112 and 113: The sound waves can be transmitted
Page 114 and 115: Procedures The compress ive strengt
Page 116 and 117: Figllre 7.7-2: Thicklless ofSllrfac
Page 118 and 119: 8 Reporting the Results of Inspecti
Page 120 and 121: After carrying out a major inspecti
Page 122 and 123: 4.5 Statistical Background 4.6 Subm
Page 124 and 125: 8.5 Materials Testing As with measu
Page 126 and 127: Drilling cores In this instance an
Page 128 and 129: ECP-Measurements For the presentati
Page 130 and 131: 9 DAMAGE EVALU ATION CATALOGUE Th
Page 132 and 133: 9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND 101. Sub
Page 134 and 135: 102. Obstruction of Waterway 9.1 EL
Page 136 and 137: 9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND 103. Sco
Page 138 and 139: 9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND Original
Page 142 and 143: 9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND 104. Ina
Page 144: 9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND 109. Oth
Page 147 and 148: 9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 201 Settlemen
Page 149 and 150: 9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 202 Movement
Page 151 and 152: 9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 203 Deformati
Page 153 and 154: 9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS Example 9.2-7
Page 155 and 156: 9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS Serious crack
Page 161 and 162: 9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 205 Ruptures
Page 163 and 164: 9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 206 Damage to
Page 165 and 166: 9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 207 LeakagesJ
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Handbook for Bridge Inspections - TSP2

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