Handbook for Bridge Inspections - TSP2

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Procedures Scope Equipment The thi ck ness of the wearing surface may vary in a crosswise direction for bridges on a bend. Acceptance Inspection A minimum of three sets of measurements must be taken along the centre line as we ll as along each side of the bridge at 100 metre gaps. At least four sets of measurements should be carried out per bridge. Measuring the thi ckness of concrete wearing surfaces should be conducted as for locating reinforcement elements (See Chapter 7.3.1: Locating Reinforcement Elements - Measuring Cover). Other Inspections The need fo r taking measurements should be assessed in connection with the visual inspection. The scope of the measurements should be the same as for a completion survey. * Fo lding rul e * Drill * Ma terial to refi ll holes Figure 7.2-2: Measurillg Track Wear Purpose 7.2.4 Measuring of Ruts To measure the depth of wear in the tracks created by studded lyres in the wearing surface. Reference is made to rel evant procedures. Scope Acceptance Inspection The measurement of track wear is not relevant. Equipment Other inspections When track wear indicates a need for taking measurements, measurements should be made in a minimum of two sections of tile bridge - one wi th minimal, the other with maximum wear - lIsing a straightedge. For long bridges over 200 metres, measurements are to be taken in one section for every 100 metres. The depth of the wear should be recorded crosswise every 250 metres.
A special note should be made whenever track wear is so great that the dampness insulation material or the bridge dec k have become visibl e. Equipment • An aluminium straight edge rul e • A measuring wedge Purpose Procedures Scope Equipment 7.2.5 Measuring Evenness of the Deck Surface To measure the evenness of the wearing surface of new bridges or whcnever a new wearing surface has been laid on older bridges. Reference is made to Procedure 87. 1815. Damage No 604 on page 266 Acceptance Inspection Measurements fo r evenness can be taken using a straightedge or a measurement vehi cle. The height of the joint construction should be checked in relationship to the wearing surface and then recorded. Other Inspections Evenness measurements are not nonnally carried out. • Straight edge, either 1 or 3 metres long with lugs • Measuring wedge Purpose 7.2.6 Measuring Sag To measure the relative sag in suspension bridge cables in order to check the loads in the suspension rods. Relative Sag Plumb line Hanger
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Norwegian Public Roads Administrati
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Copyright Copyright © 2000-01-1 2
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Foreword Inspections of hridges are
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5.4 Damage Eva luation 5.4.1 Primar
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9.3.8 9.3.9 9.3. 10 9.3. 11 9.4 Sto
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1. Inspection of Bridges Guidel ine
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2 TERMINOLOGY Location System 2.1 T
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Hangers / ® ® 23456189 Suspension
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Figure 2. 1-9: Example of a Reflecl
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3 Planning of Inspection Planning P
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3.5 Inspection Resources and Safety
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4. Inspection Tools & Access Equipm
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4.1.3 Inspection Tools for General
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4.1 .5 Inspection Tools for Special
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The site conditions may decide whic
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king load capacity of at least 300
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Work Diagram for Bridge Lift ,....
Page 38 and 39: When inspecting suspension bridges,
Page 40 and 41: Suspended Working Platform Also sus
Page 42 and 43: 5 Damage Evaluation Fundamentals 5.
Page 44 and 45: 207 Leakage/dampness of concrete el
Page 46 and 47: 501 Settlement of timber element
Page 48 and 49: 809 Olher damage to the drain syste
Page 50 and 51: These effects are presented in orde
Page 52 and 53: The Development o f Damage It is im
Page 54 and 55: Whatever types of damage are observ
Page 56 and 57: 5.6 Cause(s) of Damage The most com
Page 58 and 59: 49 Other insufficient maintenance 5
Page 60 and 61: 6 Carrying out Inspections Ba sis o
Page 62 and 63: o Fig ure 6.1- 1: Honeycombing * Ho
Page 64 and 65: 6.2.2 Visual Checking The visual in
Page 66 and 67: Stone Elements • Serious settleme
Page 68 and 69: Parapets * Deformation due to traff
Page 70 and 71: • Damage to slope protection •
Page 72 and 73: • Cracks in timber members • Sp
Page 74 and 75: • Discoloration • Loose or lack
Page 76 and 77: load Bearing Cables • Broken stra
Page 78 and 79: * Damage to the surface treatment F
Page 80 and 81: Stone Elements Steel Elements Timbe
Page 82 and 83: 6.8 Maintenance Measures - Extent o
Page 84 and 85: 7 Surveys, Materials Tests & Instru
Page 86 and 87: All the measurements and materials
Page 90 and 91: Procedures Scope Sag is measured us
Page 92 and 93: grouting gun pushed all the way to
Page 94 and 95: 7.3.2 Measuring the Depth of Carbon
Page 96 and 97: * The density of the concrete in re
Page 98 and 99: Any dust should be extracted using
Page 100 and 101: Completion Surveys & Major Inspecti
Page 102 and 103: • Homogeneity of the binding agen
Page 104 and 105: Procedures In most cases it is suff
Page 106 and 107: Figure 7.3-17 E.wmpleQJRlIsl Level
Page 108 and 109: " ~ ~ ~ • E E u B ~ ~ u '" ~ 0
Page 110 and 111: Superstructure Surfaces most expose
Page 112 and 113: The sound waves can be transmitted
Page 114 and 115: Procedures The compress ive strengt
Page 116 and 117: Figllre 7.7-2: Thicklless ofSllrfac
Page 118 and 119: 8 Reporting the Results of Inspecti
Page 120 and 121: After carrying out a major inspecti
Page 122 and 123: 4.5 Statistical Background 4.6 Subm
Page 124 and 125: 8.5 Materials Testing As with measu
Page 126 and 127: Drilling cores In this instance an
Page 128 and 129: ECP-Measurements For the presentati
Page 130 and 131: 9 DAMAGE EVALU ATION CATALOGUE Th
Page 132 and 133: 9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND 101. Sub
Page 134 and 135: 102. Obstruction of Waterway 9.1 EL
Page 136 and 137: 9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND 103. Sco
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9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND Original
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9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND Example
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9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND 104. Ina
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9.1 ELEMENTS IN THE GROUND 109. Oth
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9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 201 Settlemen
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9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 202 Movement
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9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 203 Deformati
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9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS Example 9.2-7
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9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS Serious crack
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9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 205 Ruptures
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9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 206 Damage to
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9.2 CONCRETE ELEMENTS 207 LeakagesJ
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Handbook for Bridge Inspections - TSP2

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