December 2012 Number 1 - Utah Native Plant Society

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Utah Native Plant Society 7. Pods spreading, 6-8.8 times longer than wide, incurved less than 90°, the valves stiff papery, in longitudinal section linear or narrowly oblong…………………………………A. lentiginosus var. bryantii 7. Pods ascending to erect, 4-6 times longer than wide, incurved less than 90° or nearly straight, the valves leathery to thick leathery (subligneous), often with prominent reticulate veins, in longitudinal section narrowly elliptic or oblong ……………………………………….A. lentiginosus var. wilsonii 5. Pods semi-bilocular to sub-unilocular, the septum to 1.5 mm wide, the body incurved to 180° (in most individuals nearly circular), the valves in cross section oblong, obcordate, or triangular, in longitudinal section narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, or linear. 8. Stems arising from a superficial root-crown; herbage glabrous to strigulose, rarely villosulous with hairs to 1.0 mm long; habitat various; [=A. iodanthus] ………………………A. lentiginosus var. iodanthus 8. Stems arising from a subterranean root-crown; herbage densely villous to villosulous with hairs 0.7-1.2 mm long; habitat sandy pockets of alluvial fans and stabilized dunes; [=A. pseudiodanthus] ……….. ………………………………..………………………………….. A. lentiginosus var. pseudiodanthus 1. Pod, in longitudinal section, ovoid to globose, the shape terete to didymous, bladdery inflated, the inflation dorsiventrally and laterally, or bladdery-ventricose and the inflation greater dorsally and laterally than ventrally, the valves papery membranous to stiffly papery (occasionally coriaceous), bilocular, the septum over 2 mm wide and weakly fused to the 1. Astragalus lentiginosus var. maricopae Astragalus lentiginosus var. maricopae Barneby, Leafl. W. Bot. 4:140. 1945. TYPE: U.S.A. ARIZONA: MARICOPA CO.: roadside near Tempe, 4 May 1926, G.J. Harrison 1790 (HOLOTYPE: US!). Map: Figure 1. Short lived perennial herbs, 3-8 dm tall; stems ascending, single or several in clumps from a superficial root crown; herbage glabrous to sparsely strigulose with basifixed hairs; stipules 3-8 mm long, ovate-, lance- or deltoid-acuminate, mostly recurved, partially or fully amplexicaul-decurrent, none connate; leaves 6-16 cm long; leaflets 15-23 (25), ovate, suborbicular, or obovate, the apex obtuse or emarginate, 5-22 mm long; peduncles erect, 5-14 cm long; racemes 13-30 (35) flowered, early elongating, flowers ascending to spreading, the axis becoming (3) 5-12 (20) cm long in fruit; calyx 7-9 mm long, white-, black-strigulose or mixed, the campanulate or cylindric tube 4.5-5.5 (6.5) mm long, the teeth, subulate to lance-acuminate, 1-2.5 mm long; petals light lemon yellow, drying ochroleucous to brownish; banner 14-16.5 mm long; keel (10) 11-13 mm long, immaculate; wings 12-15 mm long, whitish with light lemon yellow tip; ovary glabrous; ovules 22-26; fruiting pedicels persistent, ascending or spreading, straight or curved; pod persistent, ascending or spreading, straight or incurved less than 90, in longitudinal section linear or narrowly oblong, in cross section cordate or terete, (17) 19-23 x 3-4 mm, 5-6 (6.2)x longer than wide, sessile on a minute boss on the receptacle or contracted at the base into an incipient stipe to 0.5 mm long, the valves thinly fleshy, becoming coriaceous, stramineous, semibiloculate to nearly biloculate (but not fused to the funicular flange), the septum 1.5-2 mm wide, the beak unilocular; dehiscence apical, through the beak while still attached to the raceme. Habitat. In mixed shrub communities, in sandy, gravely washes (sometimes among boulders) derived from Precambrian granites and Tertiary volcanic rocks. Distribution. In northern Maricopa County, found in the foothills and alluvial fans in vicinity of Cave Creek, Fish Creek, Scottsdale, and Tempe; to be expected in the foothills and alluvial fans from Scottsdale and Tempe east to the mountains along both sides of the Verde River drainage, southward to its confluence with the Salt River, and west to the alluvial fans in the vicinity of Saguaro Lake (see Lehto 510 from 1962 below). Phenology. Flowering from February - April; fruiting from April - June. Astragalus lentiginosus var. maricopae has been largely overlooked by most botanists since it was first described in 1945. Based on similar floral morphology, is has been confused with A. lentiginosus var. yuccanus. On the valley floor and alluvial fans northeast of Phoenix, Scottsdale, and Tempe, this taxon has become very rare (and nearly extirpated throughout its historically known range) due to extensive suburban housing and golf course development. The population sampled for molecular analysis in the vicinity of Scottsdale has already been developed, since home construction was well underway when the samples were collected. This variety is the most unique morphologically, and the most endangered of all the Palantia. Voucher specimens examined for the morphologic analysis. USA. ARIZONA: MARICOPA CO.: west of intersection of Westland Drive and Pima Rd, Scottsdale, February 2005 (fl, fr), Alexander 1621 [individuals A, C, D, E] (OSC, UNLV); along Horseshoe Dam Rd, 0.5 mi below dam, 02 March 1989 (fl), C.L. Jones 5, (GH, NY, RSA) Voucher specimens examined (to be included in future morphological analyses). U.S.A. ARIZONA: 148
Calochortiana December 2012 Number 1 MARICOPA CO.: 10 mi E of Scottsdale rd, 27 mi NE of Scottsdale, 24 March 1960 (fl, imm fr), Crosswhite et al 496 (NY); Scottsdale rd, between Bell Rd & Carefree, 27 April 1974 (fl, fr), Engard et al. 203 (NY); 26 mi NE of Scottsdale along Hwy 87, 28 March 1973 (fl), Higgins 6445 (NY); Hwy 87, 2.7 mi SW of Saguaro Lake, 14 April 1962 (fl, fr), Lehto 510 (NY); Cave Creek, 23 April 1977 (fl, fr), Lehto 21306 (NY); Carefree, 23 April 1977 (fl, fr), Lehto 21308 (NY). 2. Astragalus lentiginosus var. ursinus Astragalus lentiginosus var. ursinus (A. Gray) Barneby, Leafl. West. Bot. 4: 133. 1945. Astragalus ursinus A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci. 13: 367. 1878. Tium ursinum (A. Gray) Rydb., N. Amer. Fl. 24: 398. 1929. TYPE: U.S.A. ARIZONA OR UTAH: MOHAVE CO. OR WASHINGTON CO.: Beaver Dams [west slope of Beaver Dam Mountains, the type locality was erroneously published by Gray as Bear Valley, Iron Co., Utah], 20-28 Apr 1877, E. Palmer s.n. (LECTOTYPE: GH, designated by Alexander, in prep; ISOLECTO- TYPE: K). Map: Figure 2. Perennial herbs, 2-4 dm tall; stems erect and ascending in clumps from a superficial root crown; herbage glabrous to sparsely strigulose with basifixed hairs; stipules 3-8 mm long, triangular- or deltate-acuminate, mostly reflexed, partially or fully amplexicauldecurrent, none connate; leaves 2-9 cm long; leaflets 11- 17 (19), suborbicular, obovate, or oblong, the apex obtuse or emarginate, 5-11 mm long; peduncles erect, 4-10 cm long; racemes 7-15 (20) flowered, early elongating, flowers ascending, the axis becoming 3-9 (-11) cm long in fruit; calyx 4-8 mm long, white-, black-strigulose or mixed, the campanulate or cylindric tube 3-6 mm long, the teeth deltate, subulate to lance-acuminate, 0.8-3 mm long; petals pink purple, drying violet; banner 12-16 mm long, purple with a white, purple striate spot; keel 8.5-13 mm long, light to dark purple maculate; wings 10.5-16 mm long, purple with dark purple tip or purple with a white tip; ovary glabrous or sparsely strigulose; ovules 22-24; fruiting pedicels persistent, erect or ascending, straight or curved; pod long-persistent, erect or ascending, in longitudinal section oblong or narrowly elliptic, in cross section cordate or terete, straight or incurved less than 90°, 10-23 x 4-5 mm, 2.4-4.7x longer than wide, sessile on a minute boss on the receptacle or contracted at the base into an incipient stipe to 0.7 (1.0) mm long, the valves thinly fleshy, becoming coriaceous, stramineous to reddish, semi-biloculate to nearly biloculate (but not fused to the funicular flange), the septum 2- 2.5 mm wide, not extended into the beak, the ventral suture sometimes prominent, the beak unilocular; dehiscence apical, through the beak while still attached to the raceme. Habitat. In mixed shrub communities with Larrea and Yucca brevifolia, in gravely washes and talus slopes derived from the Permian Kaibab Formation (limestone), Toroweap Formation (limestones and sandstones), Hermit Formation (sandstones and siltstones), Queantoweap Sandstone, Permian-Pennsylvanian Callville Limestone, and Mississippian Redwall Limestone; with Penstemon petiolatus and other limestone crevice species on limestone cliffs of various Paleozoic limestones, especially the Kaibab Formation and Callville Limestone. Distribution. Washington Co., Utah, in the southern end of the Beaver Dam Mountains in the vicinity of Bulldog Knolls and Bulldog Canyon, north to Cedar Pockets Wash on the slopes of the peak south of Jarvis Peak; in adjacent Mohave Co., Arizona, south to the mouth of the Virgin River Gorge, and Hedricks Canyon in the Virgin Mountains; to be looked for in the vicinity of Mokaac Mountain, Wolf Hole Mountain, Quail Canyon or Quail Hill on the northern edge of the Shivwits Plateau, Mohave Co., Arizona. Phenology. Flowering from March - April; fruiting from April - May. The type collections of Astragalus ursinus are a drought depauperate, limestone crevice form of A. lentiginosus var. ursinus. The depauperate morphology of the types, especially with respect to the small flower size, has contributed to a perennial fog of confusion surrounding this variety's taxonomic relationships. It is only slightly differentiated morphologically from A. lentiginosus var. mokiacensis and imperfectly distinguished from some A. lentiginosus var. mokiacensis populations in habitat preference (with respect to the small number of plants per population growing within limestone crevices only). Both varieties have populations that inhabit limestone talus slopes below cliff faces. The genetic analysis (Alexander 2008, Alexander & Liston, in prep) shows that A. lentiginosus var. ursinus is distinct from A. lentiginosus var. mokiacensis and more closely related to A. lentiginosus var. palans and A. lentiginosus var. wilsonii. Additionally, Astragalus lentiginosus var. ursinus and A. lentiginosus var. wilsonii are the only two members of the Palantia with erect to ascending fruiting pedicels and erect to ascending, incurved to nearly straight pods. Of further note, Alexander (2005) cites the lectotypifications for Astragalus mokiacensis and A. ursinus as being published in Taxon. However, these two lectotypifications have not yet been published due to technical circumstances beyond the author's control. The citation of the lectotype above should not be considered the formal lectotypification of Astragalus ursinus. Voucher specimens examined for the morphological analysis. U.S.A. ARIZONA OR UTAH: MOHAVE CO. OR WASHINGTON CO.: Beaver Dams [Beaver 149
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December 2012 Number 1 - Utah Native Plant Society

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