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116 KKU Science Journal Volume 39 Number 1 Research Table 1. Effect of the chitosan concentration on increasing weight of protocorm after 4 weeks of culturing. Concentration of chitosan Fresh weight (mg/l) (g)/flask Physical characteristic of protocorm 0 0.61 green color and globular shape 5 0.63 green color and globular shape 10 0.65 green color and sharp-tip shape 15 0.67 green color and one leaf emerge from top of protocorm 20 0.65 green color and sharp-tip shape 25 0.65 green color change to yellow color Data are shown as the mean and are derived from three replications. Figure 1. Protocorms developed in liquid VW medium supplemented with different concentrations of chitosan; 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/l (from left to right) after 4 weeks of culture. Table 2. The effect of different concentrations of chitosan on protocorm growth developing on VW medium after culturing for 12 weeks. Concentration of Average number Average number Average number Fresh weight chitosan of leaves of roots of shoots (g)/plantlet (mg/l) (leaves/plantlet) (roots/plantlet) (shoots/plantlet) 0 3.3+0.87ab* 2.0+0.78b 1.1+0.28b 0.10+0.05a 5 3.2+1.03b 2.3+0.90ab 1.1+0.26b 0.12+0.07a 10 3.8+1.88ab 2.3+0.97ab 1.2+0.58ab 0.14+0.15a 15 4.3+2.92a 2.5+1.21a 1.5+1.03a 0.11+0.05a 20 3.1+0.86c 2.1+0.72b 1.1+0.26b 0.10+0.08a 25 3.4+0.81ab 2.0+0.85b 1.0+0.18b 0.10+0.05a *Each value represented the mean +SD of replicated explants which were recorded after 12 weeks of culture. The different letters indicated significant different at p< 0.05 by DMRT.
ß“π«‘®—¬ «“√ “√«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å ¡¢. ªï∑’Ë 39 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 1 117 Transplantation of plantlets Plantlets transferred to charcoal (Table 3 and Figure 2) had no statistical difference among given chitosan. However, about 77.78% of survival could receive on plants developed in charcoal and treated with 10 mg/l chitosan solution. The regenerated plants were characterized by growth and produced well of normal shoot. Our investigation was similar to the previous report that 10 mg/l chitosan stimulated shoot and root in Paphiopedium bellatum x PAPH. Angthong (Kleangkeo et al., 2003). Table 3. Effect of chitosan on the percentage of survival of P. cornucervi (Breda) Blume & Rchb.f. after 4 weeks of transplantation. Concentration of chitosan (mg/l) survival rate (%) characteristic of plantlets 0 72.22 a leaves and roots were well developed 5 61.11a plantlet were stunted 10 77.78a multiplicated of shoot, leaves and roots were well developed 15 70.00a leaves and roots were well developed 20 71.60a leaves and roots were well developed 25 60.00a leaves and roots were well developed Figure 2. Transplantation of plants on charcoal and watering with 10 mg/l chitosan after 4 weeks of transfer.
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