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78 KKU Science Journal Volume 39 Number 1 <strong>Review</strong> (a) (b) √Ÿª∑’Ë 7 a) ‡§√◊ËÕß√’¥º¡ b) ‡§√◊ËÕß√’¥º¡∑’Ë∂Õ¥‡ªìπ‘ÈπÊ ‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß‘Èπ‡´√“¡‘° PTCR-BaTiO ∑’Ë„â∑”‡ªìπµ—« ∑”§«“¡√âÕπ (heating element) µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 Õß§åª√–°Õ∫∑“ß‡§¡’¢Õß‘Èπ PTCR-BaTiO 3 ∑’Ë„â„π‡§√◊ËÕß√’¥º¡ Õß§åª√–°Õ∫ ‘Èπµ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë 1 ‘Èπµ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë 2 Barium oxide (BaO) 44.5 43.8 Lead oxide (PbO) 23.9 25.7 Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) 27.9 27.9 Silica (SiO 2 ) 1.03 1.07 Alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) 1.18 0.52 Calcium oxide (CaO) 0.34 0.4 Ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) 0.26 0 Niobium Pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ) 0.21 0.17 ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß Alles, A. B., Amarakoon, V. W. and Burdick, V. L. (1989). Positive Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity Effect in Undoped,Atmospherically Reduced Barium Titanate. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 72(1): 148-51. Andrich, E. (1965-66). Properties and Applications of PTC Thermistors. Electronic Application. 26(3): 123. Bomlai, P., Sirikurat, N., Brown, A. and Milne, S. (2005). Effects of TiO 2 and SiO 2 additions on Phase Formation, Microstructures and PTCR Characteristics of Sb-doped Barium Strontium Titanate Ceramics. J. Euro. Ceram. Soc. 25: 1905-1918. Capurso, J. S. and Schulze, W. A. (1998). Piezoresistivity in PTCR Barium Titanate Ceramics: I, Experimental Findings. J. Am. Cer. Soc. 81(2): 337-46.
∫∑§«“¡ «“√ “√«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å ¡¢. ªï∑’Ë 39 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 1 79 Cho, S. H. (2006). Theoretical Aspects of PTC Thermistors. J. of the Korean Ceramic Society. 43(11): 673-679. Daniels, J., Hardtl, K. H. and Wernicke, R. (1978- 79). The PTC Effect of Barium Titanate. Philips Tech Rev. 38(3): 73-82. Daniels, J. and Hardtl, K. H. (1976). Part I Electrical Conductivity at High Temperature of Donor Doped Barium Titanate Ceramics. Philips Res. Repts. 31: 489-504. Haayman, P. W., Dam, R. W. and Klasens, H. A. (1955). Method of Preparation of Semiconducting Materials. West German Pat. No. 929 350, June 23. Heywang, W. (1961). Barium titanate as a Semiconductor with Blocking Layers. Solid State Electron 3(1): 51-58. Heywang, W. (1964). Resistivity Anomaly in Doped Barium Titanate. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 47(10): 484-490. Hill, D. C. and Tuller, H. L. (1991). Ceramic Sensors: Theory and Practice. in Ceramic Materials for Electronics Processing, Properties and Applications (2 nd edition) edited by Buchanan, R. C. Marcel Dekker Inc., 249-347. Hubrechts, B., Ishizaki K. and Takata, M. (1995). <strong>Review</strong> the Positive Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity in Barium Titanate. J. Mater. Sci. 30: 2463-74. Jonker, G. H. (1964). Some Aspects of Semiconducting Barium Titanate. Solid State Electron. 7: 895-903. Jonker, G. H. and Havinga, E. E. (1982). The Influence of Foreign Atoms on the Crystal Lattice of Barium Titanate. Mater. Res. Bull. 17: 345-350. Kulwicki, B. M. (1981). PTC Material Technology 1955-1980. in Advanced in Ceramics Vol. 1, Grain Boundary Phenomena in Electronic Ceramics. edited by Levinson, L. M. Columbus, Ohio: American Ceramic Society. 138-54. LaCourse, B. C. and Amarakoon, V. W. (1995). Characterization of the Firing Schedule for Positive Temperature Coefficient of Resistance BaTiO 3 . J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78(12): 3352-3356. Matsuo, Y., Fujimura, M., Sasahi, H., Nagase, K. and Hayakawa, S. (1968). Semiconducting BaTiO 3 with Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 and TiO 2 . Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 47: 292-297. Moulson, A. J. and Herbert, J. M. (2003). Electroceramics. (2 nd edition). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc. 167-173. Ueoka, H. and Yodogawa, M. (1974). Ceramic Manufacturing Technology for the High Performance PTC Themistor. IEEE Trans. Manuf. Technol. 32: 77-82. ❏❏❏❏❏
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