Review
Review
Review
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44 KKU Science Journal Volume 39 Number 1 <strong>Review</strong><br />
· ¥ß°‘®°√√¡‰¥â„π ¿“«–∑’Ë¡’‡°≈◊Õ ‡àπ ‡Õπ‰´¡å<br />
Õ–‰¡‡≈ ‡Õπ‰´¡å‚ª√µ‘‡Õ ·≈– ‡Õπ‰´¡å‰≈‡ª<br />
√«¡∑—Èß¡’°“√ √â“ß‚æ≈’‰Œ¥√Õ°´’·Õ≈§“‚π‡Õµ ¥—ßπ—Èπ<br />
·∫§∑’‡√’¬Õ∫‡§Á¡ Ÿß®—¥‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡·∫§∑’‡√’¬∑’Ëπà“ π„®<br />
”À√—∫„⇪ìπºŸâº≈‘µ‡Õπ‰´¡å ·≈–‚æ≈’‰Œ¥√Õ°´’·Õ≈<br />
§“‚π‡Õµ‡π◊ËÕß®“° “¡“√∂º≈‘µº≈‘µ¿—≥±å∑’Ë¡’ª√–‚¬πå<br />
À≈“¬π‘¥√«¡∑—È߇®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ„π ¿“«–∑’Ë¡’‡°≈◊ÕÕ¬à“ß<br />
πâÕ¬√âÕ¬≈– 15 · ¥ß„Àâ∑√“∫«à“°“√‡æ“–‡≈’ȬßÕ“√凧’¬<br />
Õ∫‡§Á¡®–‰¡à‡°‘¥ªí≠À“°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ°“√‡®√‘≠¢Õß<br />
‡◊ÈÕÕ◊ËπÊ ‡¡◊ËՇ擖‡≈’Ȭ߄πÀâÕߪؑ∫—µ‘°“√ ·≈–‡¡◊ËÕ<br />
µâÕß°“√¢¬“¬°“√‡æ“–‡≈’Ȭ߰Á “¡“√∂∑”‰¥â‚¥¬ßà“¬<br />
·≈–„âµâπ∑ÿπ∑’˵˔‡π◊ËÕß®“°‰¡àµâÕß„â√–∫∫ª≈Õ¥‡◊ÈÕ<br />
Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡°“√π”Õ“√凧’¬Õ∫‡§Á¡‰ª„âª√–‚¬πå<br />
¬—ßµâÕߧ”π÷ß∂÷ß°“√‡°Á∫‡°’ˬ«º≈‘µ¿—≥±å´÷Ë߇ªìπ à«π<br />
∑’Ë„â§à“„â®à“¬ Ÿß ‡π◊ËÕß®“°¡’¢—ÈπµÕπ∑’Ë ≈—∫´—∫´âÕπ<br />
®÷ß¡’°“√»÷°…“Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õ߇´≈≈å¢ÕßÕ“√凧’¬<br />
Õ∫‡§Á¡ ‡√’¬°«à“ §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘∑“ßÕπÿ°√¡«‘∏“π‡§¡’<br />
(Chemotaxonomic characteristics) ´÷Ëß°“√∑√“∫<br />
Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õ߇´≈≈åÕ“√凧’¬Õ∫‡§Á¡∑”„Àâ “¡“√∂<br />
‡≈◊Õ°„â«‘∏’∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡„π°“√π”º≈‘µ¿—≥±åÕÕ°®“°<br />
‡´≈≈å‚¥¬‰¡àµâÕ߄⇧√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë¡’√“§“·æß·≈–·≈–¡’<br />
¢—ÈπµÕπ∑’ˉ¡à¬ÿà߬“°<br />
(a)<br />
√Ÿª∑’Ë 4 √Ÿª√à“ߢÕßÕ“√凧’¬Õ∫‡§Á¡ (a) Halobacterium salinarum ‚¥¬°≈âÕß Scaning Electron Microscope<br />
·≈– (b) Haloferax mediterranei ‚¥¬°≈âÕß Transmission Electron microscopy π’È · ¥ß<br />
polyhydroxyalkanoate granule ¢Õß (∑’Ë¡“: Oren, 2006)<br />
(b)<br />
§ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘∑“ßÕπÿ°√¡«‘∏“π‡§¡’<br />
(Chemtotaxonomic characteristics)<br />
Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õߺπ—߇´≈≈å<br />
Õ“√凧’¬Õ∫‡§Á¡√Ÿª√à“ß·∑àß “¡‡À≈’ˬ¡<br />
’ˇÀ≈’ˬ¡ ·≈– √Ÿª√à“߉¡à·πàπÕπ ¡’ºπ—߇´≈≈å∑’Ë∫“ß<br />
¡“°‡√’¬°«à“ Surface-layer cell wall (S-layer) (√Ÿª 5.a)<br />
‚¥¬ S-layer ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬‰°≈‚§‚ª√µ’π (glycoprotein)<br />
ª√–¡“≥√âÕ¬≈– 40-50 ·≈–‚ª√µ’πª√–¡“≥<br />
√âÕ¬≈– 15-20 µ—«Õ¬à“߇àπ S-layer ¢Õß Halobacterium<br />
salinarum ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬‰°≈‚§‚ª√µ’π¢π“¥ 120<br />
°‘‚≈¥“≈µ—π ´÷Ëߪ√–°Õ∫‰ª¥â«¬‚ª√µ’π (87 °‘‚≈¥—≈µ—π)<br />
´÷Ëß¡’°√¥Õ–¡‘‚π∑’Ë¡’À¡Ÿàøíß°å—π‡ªìπ≈∫‡ªìπ à«π„À≠à<br />
·≈–‚æ≈’‡¡Õ√å¢ÕßπÈ”µ“≈´÷Ëß¡’ side chain ‡ªìπª√–®ÿ<br />
≈∫ (acidic saccharaide chains) ‡àπ acidic<br />
glycosaminoglycan ‚¥¬∑ÿ°Ê 10-15 ‚¡‡≈°ÿ≈πÈ”µ“≈<br />
®–¡’ 2 À¡Ÿà´—≈‡øµ (SO 4<br />
2-<br />
) ‡°“–Õ¬Ÿà √«¡∑—Èßæ∫ O-linked<br />
glucosyl-(α-1→(2)-galactoside disaccharide units ´÷Ëß<br />
‡ªìππÈ”µ“≈´÷Ëß¡’ side chain ‡ªìπª√–®ÿ≈∫ (neutral<br />
saccharaide chains) (Lechner and Wieland, 1989)
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