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68 KKU Science Journal Volume 39 Number 1 <strong>Review</strong> ∫∑ √ÿª æÕ≈‘·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ ‡ªìπæÕ≈‘‡¡Õ√å —ß‡§√“–Àå ∑’Ë “¡“√∂ ≈“¬µ—«‰¥â∑“ß’«¿“æ ∑’Ë¡’ 3 ‰Õ‚´‡¡Õ√å ‰¥â·°à æÕ≈‘·Õ≈-·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ æÕ≈‘¥’-·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ ·≈–æÕ≈‘¥’·Õ≈-·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ ´÷Ëß —ß‡§√“–Àå‰¥â®“° °“√„â°√¥·≈§µ‘°∑’Ë¡’‚§√ß·∫∫∑’Ëµà“ß°—π æÕ≈‘·≈§µ‘° ·Õ´‘¥ ·≈– æÕ≈‘·≈§‰∑¥å ‡ªìπæÕ≈‘‡¡Õ√åπ‘¥‡¥’¬«°—π ∑’Ë„â¡ÕπÕ‡¡Õ√å·≈–°√–∫«π°“√„π°“√ —ß‡§√“–Àåµà“ß °—π æÕ≈‘·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ —ß‡§√“–Àå‚¥¬„â°√¥·≈§µ‘° ‡ªìπ¡ÕπÕ‡¡Õ√å¥â«¬°√–∫«π°“√æÕ≈‘‡¡Õ‰√‡´—π ·∫∫§«∫·πàπ ¢≥–∑’ËæÕ≈‘·≈§‰∑¥å —ß‡§√“–Àå‚¥¬„â ·≈§‰∑¥å‡ªìπ¡ÕπÕ‡¡Õ√å¥â«¬°√–∫«π°“√æÕ≈‘‡¡Õ‰√ ‡´—π·∫∫‡ªî¥«ß·À«π ´÷Ëß°√–∫«π°“√æÕ≈‘‡¡Õ‰√‡´—π ·∫∫‡ªî¥«ß·À«π “¡“√∂ —ß‡§√“–ÀåæÕ≈‘‡¡Õ√å∑’Ë¡’ πÈ”Àπ—°‚¡‡≈°ÿ≈ Ÿß°«à“ ‚§√ß·∫∫∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π¢Õß æÕ≈‘·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ àßº≈µàÕ§«“¡‡ªìπº≈÷° ¡∫—µ‘ ∑“ß§«“¡√âÕπ ¡∫—µ‘‡‘ß°≈ §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√≈–≈“¬ „πµ—«∑”≈–≈“¬Õ‘π∑√’¬å ·≈–Õ—µ√“°“√ ≈“¬µ—«∑“ß ’«¿“æ °√¥·≈§µ‘°π‘¥·Õ≈´÷Ëß‡ªìπº≈‘µ¿—≥±å∑’Ë‡°‘¥ ¢÷Èπ®“°°“√ ≈“¬µ—«∑“ß’«¿“æ¢ÕßæÕ≈‘·Õ≈-·≈§µ‘° ·Õ´‘¥ ·≈–æÕ≈‘¥’·Õ≈-·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥‡∑à“π—Èπ∑’Ë “¡“√∂ ‡¢â“ Ÿà°√–∫«π°“√‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡„π√à“ß°“¬ ‘Ëß¡’’«‘µ‰¥â ¢≥–∑’Ë°√¥·≈§µ‘°π‘¥¥’´÷Ëß‡ªìπº≈‘µ¿—≥±å∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ ®“°°“√ ≈“¬µ—«∑“ß’«¿“æ¢ÕßæÕ≈‘¥’-·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ ·≈–æÕ≈‘¥’·Õ≈-·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ ®–∂Ÿ°°”®—¥ÕÕ°®“° √à“ß°“¬‚¥¬µ√ß∑“ßªí “«– ‚¥¬æÕ≈‘¥’·Õ≈-·≈§µ‘° ·Õ´‘¥ „Àâº≈‘µ¿—≥±å∑’Ë‡°‘¥®“°°“√ ≈“¬µ—«¡’∑—Èß°√¥·≈ §µ‘° π‘¥·Õ≈·≈–π‘¥¥’ ·¡â«à“ªí®®ÿ∫—π¢âÕ®”°—¥∑’Ë ”§—≠„π°“√ª√–¬ÿ°µå „âß“πæÕ≈‘·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ ”À√—∫‡ªìπæ≈“ µ‘°’«¿“æ §◊Õ ¡’√“§“∑’Ë Ÿß°«à“æ≈“ µ‘°∑’Ë„âß“π∑—Ë«‰ª ‰¥â·°à æÕ≈‘‡Õ∑‘≈’π ·≈– æÕ≈‘æ√Õæ‘≈’π Õ¬à“ß‰√°Áµ“¡§“¥«à“ „πÕπ“§µÕ—π„°≈âπ’Èº≈‘µ¿—≥±å®“°æÕ≈‘·≈§µ‘°·Õ´‘¥ ®– “¡“√∂·¢àß¢—π„π¥â“π√“§“°—∫æ≈“ µ‘°∑—Ë«‰ª„π ªí®®ÿ∫—π‰¥â ‡π◊ËÕß®“°À≈“¬ª√–‡∑»¡’°“√ √â“ßπ‚¬∫“¬ √à«¡°—π„π°“√ π—∫ πÿπ°“√„âß“πæ≈“ µ‘°’«¿“æ µà“ßÊ‚¥¬°“√„â√–∫∫¿“…’ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ °“√®”Àπà“¬ ·≈–°“√°”®—¥¢¬–æ≈“ µ‘°∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—πÕ¬à“ß¡“° √–À«à“ßæ≈“ µ‘°∑’Ë‰¡à “¡“√∂ ≈“¬µ—«‰¥â∑“ß’«¿“æ (non-biodegradable plastics) ∑’Ë¡’°“√„âß“π°—π„π ªí®®ÿ∫—π°—∫æ≈“ µ‘°∑’Ë “¡“√∂ ≈“¬µ—«‰¥â∑“ß’«¿“æ (biodegradable plastics À√◊Õ bioplastics) ∑”„Àâ º≈‘µ¿—≥±åæ≈“ µ‘°∑—Èß Õßπ‘¥¡’√“§“„°≈â‡§’¬ß°—π ¡“°¢÷Èπ πÕ°®“°π’È°“√º≈‘µº≈‘µ¿—≥±åæ≈“ µ‘°’«¿“æ „πª√‘¡“≥∑’Ë¡“°¢÷Èπ ∑”„Àâ§“¥«à“µâπ∑ÿπ°“√º≈‘µ„π Õπ“§µ®–¡’¡Ÿ≈§à“≈¥≈ßÕ’°¥â«¬ ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß Achmad, F., Yamane, K., Quan, S. and Kokugan, T. (2009). Synthesis of polylactic acid by direct polycondensation under vacuum without catalysts, solvents and initiators. Chem. Eng. J. 151: 342-350. Barrows, T.H. (1991). Synthetic bioabsorbable polymers in high performance biomaterials. In Szycher M, editor. A Comprehensive Guide to Medical and Pharmaceutical Applications; Pennsylvania: The Technomic Publishing Company. p. 1-30. Cai, H., Dave, V., Gross, R. A. and McCarthy, S. P. (1996). Effects of physical aging, crystallinity, and orientation on the enzymatic degradation of poly(lactic acid). J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 34: 2701-2708. Cam, D., Hyon, S. H. and Ikada, Y. (1995). Degradation of high molecular weight poly(L-lactide) in alkaline medium. Biomaterials. 16: 833-843. Dechy-Cabaret, O., Martin-Vaca, B. and Bourissou, D. (2004). Controlled ring-opening polymerization of lactide and glycolide. Chem. Rev. 104: 6147-6176.
∫∑§«“¡ «“√ “√«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å ¡¢. ªï∑’Ë 39 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 1 69 Engelberg, I. and Kohn J. (1991). Physico-mechanical properties of degradable polymers used in medical application: a comparative study. Biomaterials. 12: 292-304. Freiberg, S. and Zhu, X. X. (2004). Polymer microspheres for controlled drug release. Int. J. Pharm. 282: 1-18. Gilding, D. K. and Reed, A. M. (1979). Biodegradable polymers for use in surgery-polyglycolic/ poly(lactic acid) homo- and copolymers. Polymer. 20: 1459-1464. Gupta, A. P. and Kumar, V. (2007). New emerging trends in synthetic biodegradable polymers - Polylactide : A critique. Euro. Polym. J. 43: 4053-4074. Hiltunen, K., Seppala, J. V. and Harkonen, M. (1997). Effect of catalyst and polymerization conditions on the preparation of low molecular weight lactic acid polymers. Macromolecules. 30: 373-379. Huang, M. H., Li, S. And Vert, E. M. (2004). Synthesis and degradation of PLA-PCL-PLA triblock copolymer prepared by successive polymerization of 3-caprolactone and DL-lactide. Polymer. 45: 8675-8681. Hyon, S. H., Jamshidi, K. and Ikada, Y. (1997). Synthesis of polylactides with different molecular weights. Biomaterials. 16: 1503- 1508. Kowalski, A., Duda, A. and Penczek, S. (2000). Kinetics and Mechanism of Cyclic Esters Polymerization Initiated with Tin(II) Octoate. 3. Polymerization of L,L-Dilactide. Macromolecules. 33: 7359-7370. Kricheldorf, H. R. and Lee, S. R. (1995). Polylactones 32. High molecular weight polylactides by ring-opening polymerization with dibutylmagnesium or butylmagnesium chloride. Polymer. 36: 2995-3003. Kricheldorf, H. R. (2001). Syntheses and application of polylactides. Chemosphere. 43: 49-54. Kricheldorf, H. R., Kreiser-Saunders, I. and Stricker, A. (2000). Polylactones 48. SnOct 2 -Initiated Polymerizations of Lactide: A Mechanistic Study. Macromolecules. 33: 702-709. Labrecque, L. V., Kumar, R. A., Dave, V., Gross, R. A. and Mccarthy, S. P. (1997). Citrate esters as plasticizers for poly(lactic acid). J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 66: 1507-1513. Li, S. M., Garreau, H. And Vert, M. (1990). Structure-property relationships in the case of the degradation of massive aliphatic poly(α-hydroxy acids) in aqueous media. Part 1. Poly(D,L-lactic acid). J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 1: 123-130. Lucas, N., Bienaime, C., Belloy, C., Queneudec, M., Silvestre, F. and Nava-Saucedo, J. E. (2008). Polymer biodegradation: mechanisms and estimation techniques. Chemosphere. 73: 429-442. Lunt, J. (1998). Large-scale production, properties and commercial applications of polylactic acid polymers. Polym. Degrad. Stabil. 59: 145-152. Maharana, T., Mohanty, B. and Negi, Y. S. (2009). Melt-solid polycondensation of lactic acid and its biodegradability. Prog. Polym. Sci. 34: 99-124. Moon, S. I., Lee, C. W., Miyamoto, M. and Kimura, Y. (2000). Melt polycondensation of L-lactic acid with Sn(II) catalysts activated by various proton acids: A direct
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