Mr. Erik Milito - The House Committee on Natural Resources ...

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6 API GUIDANCE DOCUMENT HF1 Figure 2—Cementing the Casing
HYDRAULIC FRACTURING OPERATIONS—WELL CONSTRUCTION AND INTEGRITY GUIDELINES 7 5.2 Cement Selection Oilfield cements are engineered products that are covered by API technical specifications, recommended practices, and technical reports. <strong>The</strong> cements and cement additives selected and the cementing practices utilized are an integral part of sound well design, construction, and well integrity. Various cements and cement additives are available for use. Appropriate API standards should be consulted in the selection and use of cementing products, including API Spec 10A and API RP 10B-2. Selected cements, additives, and mixing fluid should be laboratory tested in advance to ensure they meet the requirements of the well design. Specifications and recommended practices for cementing operations, developed by API and others, are well documented and available to all companies drilling wells. <strong>The</strong>se standards should be followed by operators in all wells. A general list of good cementing practices is provided in 5.4. 5.3 Zone Isolation Placement of the cement completely around the casing and at the proper height above the bottom of the drilled hole (cement top) is one of the primary factors in achieving successful zone isolation and integrity. Good isolation requires complete annular filling and tight cement interfaces with the formation and casing. Complete displacement of drilling fluid by cement and good bonding of the cement interfaces between the drilled hole and the casing immediately above the hydrocarbon formation are key parts of well integrity and seal integrity. <strong>The</strong> absence of voids and good bonding of cement at these interfaces prevent migration paths and establish zone isolation. 5.4 Cementing Practices <strong>The</strong> following cement practices are recommended in order to ensure that isolation is achieved. — Prior to drilling, operators should investigate and review the history of nearby wells for cementing problems encountered, e.g. lost returns, irregular hole erosion, poor hole cleaning, poor cement displacement, etc. — Computer simulation and other planning should be carried out in order to optimize cement placement procedures. — Operators should use established, effective drilling practices to achieve a uniform, stable wellbore with desired hole geometry. — Operators should ensure that the drilling fluid selection is appropriate for the designed well and the geologic conditions likely to be encountered. — Casing hardware, including float equipment, centralizers, cement baskets, wiper plugs (top and bottom), and stage tools should be selected as necessary as part of the well design that will meet the cement design objective and challenges and ensure isolation. — Casing centralizers should be selected to help center the casing in the hole and provide for good mud removal and cement placement, especially in critical areas, such as casing shoes, production zones, and groundwater aquifers (see 5.5). — Appropriate cement testing procedures should be properly carried out by the service company personnel (see API RP 10B-2). Cement slurry design should include testing to measure the following parameters depending on site-specific geologic conditions. — Critical Parameters—Recommended for all situations: > slurry density;
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oost domestic production by four mi
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Environmental Protection for Onshor
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January 2012 4 CONCLUSION T
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January 2012 5 APPENDIX: Data and M
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TABLE 11 - Baseline and Alternative
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5.3 Employment January 2012 Employm
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5.4 State Severance and Ad Valorem
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Natural Gas Production, billion cub
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Number of Wells Started (Spud) on F
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Net (Alternative Minus Baseline) Ja
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Net (Alternative Minus Baseline) Ja
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Federal royalties of production of
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Imports from Rest of the World 38%
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Water Management Associated with Hy
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Special Notes API publications nece
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Contents Executive Summary . . . .
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considerations). A hierarchy of pot
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Bibliography [1] American Petroleum
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26 API GUIDANCE DOCUMENT HF2 [32] H
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THERE’S MORE WHERE THIS CAME FROM
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Practices for Mitigating Surface Im
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Contents Executive Summary . . . .
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proactive in communicating to, and
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Practices for Mitigating Surface Im
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PRACTICES FOR MITIGATING SURFACE IM
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2010 PUBLICATIONS ORDER FORM Effect
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Product No. GHF301
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www.woodmac.com Project Background
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www.woodmac.com Key Results ACCESS
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Isolating Potential Flow Zones Duri
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Contents 1 Scope . . . . . . . . .
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Isolating Potential Flow Zones Duri
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ISOLATING POTENTIAL FLOW ZONES DURI
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Annex B (informative) Well Planning
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Bibliography [1] Gai, H., Walz, G.,
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THERE’S MORE WHERE THIS CAME FROM
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Economic Impacts of Oil and Gas Dev
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Administration energy strategy is n
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Jobs 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
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30°N 45°N 15°N 45°N 30°N 15°N
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mmboed 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 201
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$Billion 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2
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