Al-W¥^idÏ's Asb¥b al-Nuz‰l - The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies ...
Al-W¥^idÏ's Asb¥b al-Nuz‰l - The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies ...
Al-W¥^idÏ's Asb¥b al-Nuz‰l - The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies ...
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Chapter 2: Surah <strong>al</strong>-Baqarah<br />
This Surah was incontestably reve<strong>al</strong>ed in Medina.<br />
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim informed us>‘Abd <strong>Al</strong>lah ibn Hamid>Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Yusuf><br />
Ya‘qub ibn Sufyan <strong>al</strong>-Saghir> Ya‘qub ibn Sufyan <strong>al</strong>-Kabir> Hisham ibn ‘Ammar> <strong>al</strong>-W<strong>al</strong>id ibn Muslim> Shu‘ayb<br />
ibn Zurayq> ‘Ata’ <strong>al</strong>-Khurasani> ‘Ikrimah who said: “<strong>The</strong> first Surah reve<strong>al</strong>ed in Medina is Surah <strong>al</strong>-Baqarah”.<br />
(<strong>Al</strong>if. Lam. Mim. This is the Scripture) [2:1-2].<br />
Abu ‘Uthman <strong>al</strong>-Thaqafi <strong>al</strong>-Za‘farani informed us> Abu ‘Amr ibn Matar> Ja‘far ibn Muhammad ibn <strong>al</strong>-Layth><br />
Abu Hudhayfah> Shibl>Ibn Abi Najih> Mujahid who said: “Four verses from the beginning of this Surah were<br />
reve<strong>al</strong>ed about the believers, and two verses after these four were reve<strong>al</strong>ed about the disbelievers and thirteen<br />
verses after these last two were reve<strong>al</strong>ed about the hypocrites”. 1<br />
(As for the disbelievers, whether thou warn them ….) [2:6].<br />
Said <strong>al</strong>-Dahhak: “This was reve<strong>al</strong>ed about Abu Jahl and six people from amongst his household”. <strong>Al</strong>-K<strong>al</strong>bi said:<br />
“this refers to the Jews”.<br />
(And when they f<strong>al</strong>l in with those who believe, they say: We believe) [2:14].<br />
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim informed us> Shaybah ibn Muhammad>‘<strong>Al</strong>i ibn Muhammad ibn Qurrah><br />
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Nasr> Yusuf ibn Bil<strong>al</strong>> Muhammad ibn Marwan> <strong>al</strong>-K<strong>al</strong>bi> Abu S<strong>al</strong>ih> Ibn<br />
‘Abbas who said: “This verse was reve<strong>al</strong>ed about ‘Abdullah ibn Ubayy and his followers. It so happened that they<br />
went out one day and were received by a group of Companions of <strong>Al</strong>lah’s Messenger, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless him and give<br />
him peace. ‘Abd <strong>Al</strong>lah ibn Ubayy said: ‘See how I will bar these fools from you!’ He proceeded and took hold<br />
of the hand of Abu Bakr <strong>al</strong>-Siddiq, may <strong>Al</strong>lah be well pleased with him, and said: ‘Welcome to the truthful, the<br />
master of Banu Tamim and leader of Islam, the second person in the cave <strong>al</strong>ong with <strong>Al</strong>lah’s Messenger, who gave<br />
up his person and his we<strong>al</strong>th’. <strong>The</strong>n he took hold of the hand of ‘Umar ibn <strong>al</strong>-Khattab, may <strong>Al</strong>lah be well pleased<br />
with him, and said: ‘Welcome to the master of Banu ‘Adiyy ibn Ka‘b, the distinguisher 2 and the strong in the<br />
religion of <strong>Al</strong>lah, who gave up his person and we<strong>al</strong>th for <strong>Al</strong>lah’s Messenger’. <strong>The</strong>n he took hold of the hand of ‘<strong>Al</strong>i<br />
ibn Abi T<strong>al</strong>ib, may <strong>Al</strong>lah ennoble his face, and said: ‘Welcome to the cousin and son-in-law of <strong>Al</strong>lah’s Messenger,<br />
the master of Banu Hashim apart from <strong>Al</strong>lah’s Messenger’. <strong>The</strong>n they dispersed. ‘Abd <strong>Al</strong>lah told his companions:<br />
‘How did I do When you see them do as I do’. His companions praised him. But when the Muslims returned<br />
to the Prophet, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless him and give him peace, and informed him of what happened, <strong>Al</strong>lah reve<strong>al</strong>ed this<br />
verse”. 3<br />
(O mankind! Worship your Lord … ) [2:21].<br />
Sa‘id ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad <strong>al</strong>-Zahid> Abu ‘<strong>Al</strong>i ibn Ahmad <strong>al</strong>-Faqih> Abu Turab <strong>al</strong>-Quhustani> ‘Abd<br />
<strong>al</strong>-Rahman ibn Bishr> Rawh> Shu‘bah> Sufyan <strong>al</strong>-Thawri> <strong>al</strong>-A‘mash> Ibrahim> ‘<strong>Al</strong>qamah who said: “Any<br />
1<br />
Durr, :59; Qurtubi, :192; Commentary, pp. 96-98.<br />
2<br />
<strong>The</strong> distinguisher (<strong>al</strong>-Faruq) is how the Prophet of Islam, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless him and give him peace, described ‘Umar ibn <strong>al</strong>-Khattab.<br />
This is because it was through the latter that <strong>Al</strong>lah had distinguished truth from error in some instances, as amply documented by<br />
the books of Sunnah and Sirah.<br />
3<br />
Durr, :78.
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