Al-W¥^idÏ's Asb¥b al-Nuz‰l - The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies ...
Al-W¥^idÏ's Asb¥b al-Nuz‰l - The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies ...
Al-W¥^idÏ's Asb¥b al-Nuz‰l - The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies ...
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Asbab <strong>al</strong>-Nuzul<br />
for <strong>Al</strong>lah’. And so <strong>Al</strong>lah, ex<strong>al</strong>ted is He, reve<strong>al</strong>ed this verse as a response”.<br />
(Lo! the likeness of Jesus with <strong>Al</strong>lah is as the likeness of Adam…) [3:59].<br />
<strong>The</strong> commentators of the Qur’an said: “<strong>The</strong> delegation of Najran said to the Messenger of <strong>Al</strong>lah, <strong>Al</strong>lah<br />
bless him and give him peace: ‘Why do you insult Jesus’ He said: ‘What did I say about him’ <strong>The</strong>y said:<br />
‘You say that he is a servant’. He said: ‘Indeed, he is the servant and messenger of <strong>Al</strong>lah, as well as His<br />
word which He cast into the Virgin Mary’. <strong>The</strong>y became angry and said: ‘Have you ever seen a human<br />
being who was born without a father If you are truthful, show us such a person’. And so <strong>Al</strong>lah, ex<strong>al</strong>ted<br />
is He, reve<strong>al</strong>ed this verse”.<br />
Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Muhammad <strong>al</strong>-Harithi informed us> ‘Abd <strong>Al</strong>lah ibn Muhammad ibn Ja‘far> Sahl<br />
Abu Yahya <strong>al</strong>-Razi> Sahl ibn ‘Uthman> Yahya> Waki‘> Mubarak> <strong>al</strong>-Hasan who said: “Two monks from<br />
Najran came to see the Prophet, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless him and give him peace, and he invited them to surrender<br />
to <strong>Al</strong>lah. One of them said: ‘We have surrendered to <strong>Al</strong>lah before you’. He said: ‘You lie! Three things<br />
prevent you from surrendering to <strong>Al</strong>lah: your worship of the cross, eating pork and your claim that <strong>Al</strong>lah<br />
has a son’. <strong>The</strong>y said: ‘<strong>The</strong>n who is the father of Jesus’ <strong>The</strong> Prophet, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless him and give him peace,<br />
was not in the habit of giving hasty answers but waited for <strong>Al</strong>lah’s answer instead. <strong>The</strong>n <strong>Al</strong>lah, ex<strong>al</strong>ted is<br />
He, reve<strong>al</strong>ed this verse (Lo! the likeness of Jesus with <strong>Al</strong>lah is as the likeness of Adam…)”. 12<br />
(… say (unto him): Come! We will summon our sons and your sons…) [3:61].<br />
Abu Sa‘d informed us> ‘Abd <strong>al</strong>-Rahman ibn Muhammad <strong>al</strong>-Zimjari> Ahmad ibn Ja‘far ibn M<strong>al</strong>ik> ‘Abd<br />
<strong>Al</strong>lah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanb<strong>al</strong>> his father> Husayn> Hammad ibn S<strong>al</strong>amah> Yunus> <strong>al</strong>-Hasan who said:<br />
“<strong>The</strong> two monks of Najran came to see the Prophet, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless him and give him peace, and he invited<br />
them to surrender to <strong>Al</strong>lah. One of them said: ‘We have surrendered to <strong>Al</strong>lah before you’. He said: ‘You<br />
lie! Three things prevent you from surrendering to <strong>Al</strong>lah: your prostration before the cross, your claim<br />
that <strong>Al</strong>lah has a son and your consumption of wine’. <strong>The</strong>y said: ‘What do you say about Jesus’ <strong>The</strong><br />
Prophet, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless him and give him peace, did not answer. But then this verse was reve<strong>al</strong>ed (This<br />
(which) We recite unto thee is a revelation and a wise reminder… Lo! the likeness of Jesus with <strong>Al</strong>lah is as<br />
the likeness of Adam) up to <strong>Al</strong>lah’s saying (… say (unto him): Come! We will summon our sons and your<br />
sons…). <strong>The</strong>n the Messenger of <strong>Al</strong>lah, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless him and give him peace, ch<strong>al</strong>lenged them to summon<br />
<strong>Al</strong>lah’s curse upon the one who is lying amongst them (Mula‘anah). 13 <strong>The</strong> Messenger of <strong>Al</strong>lah, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless<br />
him and give him peace, went and brought <strong>al</strong>-Hasan, <strong>al</strong>-Husayn, Fatimah and <strong>al</strong>l his family and children,<br />
peace be upon them. When the two Christians left, one of them said to the other: ‘Consent to pay the<br />
Jizyah 14 and do not agree to summon <strong>Al</strong>lah’s curse on the liar’. <strong>The</strong>y went back and said: ‘We agree to pay<br />
the Jizyah and abstain from summoning <strong>Al</strong>lah’s curse on the liar’ ”. 15<br />
‘Abd <strong>al</strong>-Rahman ibn <strong>al</strong>-Hasan <strong>al</strong>-Hafiz informed us among that which he gave us permission to narrate<br />
from him> Abu Hafs ‘Umar ibn Ahmad <strong>al</strong>-Wa‘iz> ‘Abd <strong>Al</strong>lah ibn Sulayman ibn <strong>al</strong>-Ash‘ath> Yahya ibn<br />
Hatim <strong>al</strong>-‘Askari> Bishr ibn Mihran> Muhammad ibn Dinar> Dawud ibn Abi Hind> <strong>al</strong>-Sha‘bi> Jabir<br />
ibn ‘Abd <strong>Al</strong>lah who said: “<strong>The</strong> delegation of the people of Najran came to see the prophet, <strong>Al</strong>lah bless<br />
him and give him peace. <strong>The</strong> deputy chief and the master spoke with the Prophet and he invited them<br />
to surrender to <strong>Al</strong>lah. <strong>The</strong>y said: ‘We have surrendered to Him before you’. He said: ‘You lie! And if you<br />
wish I will inform you about that which prevents you from surrendering to <strong>Al</strong>lah’. <strong>The</strong>y said: ‘Do inform<br />
us!’ He said: ‘It is the love of the cross, the consumption of wine and pork’. <strong>The</strong>n he ch<strong>al</strong>lenged them to<br />
12<br />
Cf. Tabari, :295-296; Durr, :228.<br />
13<br />
<strong>The</strong> Mula‘anah or Mubah<strong>al</strong>ah was proposed by the Prophet Muhammad to the Christian delegation of Najran which visited him<br />
in 10/632-3, following a dispute between them regarding the nature of the person of Jesus and some other Christian beliefs. Cf.<br />
the article Mubah<strong>al</strong>a in ei 2 .<br />
14<br />
See, the article Jizyah in ei 2 .<br />
15<br />
Cf. Durr, :230-231.<br />
48
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