Impact of Climate Change on Arab Countries - (IPCC) - Working ...

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ARAB ENVIRONMENT: CLIMATE CHANGE 3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE Age Gender 19% 8% 24% 26% 23% 26% 74% less than 20 41-50 Male Female 21-30 above 50 31-40 Education Family Income 4% 7% 9% 5% 5% 31% 75% 64% Primary Intermediate Secondary Technical University Above average Average Below average addressed. Remarkably, the majority <strong>of</strong> respondents from all countries, regions and socio-economic backgrounds agreed that more should be done by governments. Moreover, the survey showed that the sceptical attitudes which prevailed among some groups on the facts and causes <strong>of</strong> climate change, either denying it entirely or limiting it to natural causes, are receding. II. DESCRIPTION AND BACKGROUND The survey on public attitudes in the Arab countries pertaining to climate change was organized by AFED, as part <strong>of</strong> its 2009 expert annual report on the impact <strong>of</strong> climate change on the Arab region. The survey was conducted between February-May 2009, on a voluntary basis and
4 CHAPTER 1 ARAB PUBLIC OPINION AND CLIMATE CHANGE FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2 without interviewers. The questionnaire was distributed through Al-Bia Wal-Tanmia (Environment & Development) magazine, and eight daily Arabic-language newspapers. These included Al-Hayat (pan-Arab), An-Nahar (Lebanon), Al-Khaleej (UAE), Al-Qabas (Kuwait), Al-Ayyam (Bahrain), Ash-Sharq (Qatar), Al-Ahdath (Morocco), and Ad-Dustour (Jordan). The survey was also promoted on the pan-Arab Future TV and the Arabic service <strong>of</strong> I UNDERSTAND WHAT CLIMATE CHANGE IS Yes 95% Agree TOTAL SAMPLE Agree 98% TOTAL SAMPLE Yes No I BELIEVE THE CLIMATE IS CHANGING I don't know No 5% I don't know 2% Monte Carlo Dawliya radio and posted on the website <strong>of</strong> AFED. Alongside data collection, the questionnaire was designed in a way to make use <strong>of</strong> the wide reach <strong>of</strong> partner media outlets to spread awareness on climate change and its possible consequences on Arab countries. Starting with general questions about the extent <strong>of</strong> knowledge about what climate change means and whether it is considered to pose a real threat to the country <strong>of</strong> the respondent, questions moved into details <strong>of</strong> specifying sectors affected according to priority, and identifying major measures <strong>of</strong> mitigation and adaptation, and classifying the level <strong>of</strong> response <strong>of</strong> governments to deal with climate change. Responses were received and processed from 19 Arab countries. Results were reflected in the report, as total average as well as per country. The sample analyzed included 2,322 responses from: Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. The listing in the tables and charts followed sub-regional clusters not alphabetical order. The report classified country clusters as follows: Levant: Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria. Gulf: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates. Arab African countries: Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia. Other: Libya, Mauritania, Yemen (small sample for individual statistics for the first 2, and socioeconomic/geographical considerations which dictated to keep Yemen out <strong>of</strong> clusters). The majority <strong>of</strong> respondents replied by mail (53%), while 42% used e-mail, which reflects wider use <strong>of</strong> electronic media among participants. The remaining 5% replied by fax. As it was not a requirement to use the original questionnaire, many answered on photocopied sheets. The answers were sorted and statistically tabulated by Pan Arab Research Centre (PARC), a Gallup associate. A data base, including socioeconomic data, was prepared. In addition to allowing socio-economic analysis <strong>of</strong> the sample, it helped to eliminate duplication, as the program deleted multiple answers received from the same person. The combination <strong>of</strong> voluntary respondents through a regional environmental magazine and eight leading daily newspapers, reaching both specialized readers and the general public, combined with internet access and promotion via
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156 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS CNA
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158 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS MENA
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