Life – a user's manual Part II - Boksidan

On the margarine market it seems like it still
is "war." Milda was not in the war from
beginning, but they emerged victorious from it.
Probably due to that the trademark belongs to a major
food group.
In the old days it seems almost as if the same person
had designed all the packaging, right The picture is
taken from an almanac for the year 1952 (Tidens förlag
1951). Alongside the picture there is a text "We need
informative advertising instead of meaningless
advertising slogans."
Annual working time has almost halved, but the decline stalled in the 70s
The average working hours for men between 16 and 84 are now approximately 41 hours per week (approx. 1 900
hours/year) and for women it is approximately 27 hours (1 300 hours/year (SCB 1998: Living Conditions Report
79). According to Statistics Sweden (SCB 2002) we work quite a lot of overtime, since 28% of all employed work
overtime at least one day during an average work week.
At the country side in the end of the 1800s (Nordic Museum, 1928) they got up at 5 am and went to the stables
and barns, feeded the animals and shoveled shit. Then they drank a cup of coffee and continued with giving water
to the animals. At 7 it was breakfast break. Then they worked until dinner break half past twelve. In the winter,
they began to work as soon as they had eaten, to take advantage of the daylight. They had a coffee break in the
afternoon and meal breaks at 18 o'clock and at 20 o'clock. The working day ended with giving the animals night
feed. In the summer, however, the dinner break in lasted an hour and a half, but then they worked to about 21 with
a break for an afternoon snack and a meal break at 18 o'clock.
In summary, therefore, they worked from 5 am to about 21, with maybe 2-3 hour breaks for eating.
Overall, they worked about 13 hours a day, including Saturdays. Moreover, they had no vacation, which
sums up the total working time to about 4 000 hours/year.
Factory workers were at the time (1903) working approximately 2 900-3 600 hours per year (Kommerskollegii,
1903). For example wagon makers 3 100 hours/year (60 hours/week) and a foundry workers 3 000 hours/year.
In 1938 (Svenskt Näringsliv, 2006) it was decided that the general working time should be 48 hour week with 2
weeks vacation per year, then we had an additional week of vacation 1954 th . In the 60's another holiday week was
added, and weekly working hours were reduced on a few occasions so that at the end of the decade it was 42.5
hours/week. In 1973 it was reduced to the current level (40 hours/week + Unpaid breaks). Then we have another
week of vacation (in 1978), and two extra vacation days, which was removed again in 1994.
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