Life – a user's manual Part II - Boksidan

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Power plants From personal experience, I know that, at least in the past, one have been able to earn a lot of money with relatively little effort by investing in hydropower plants. When electricity was cheap (chart 7) and grants to small hydropower plants were low or not there at all, the industry was so un-profitable that many small hydropower plants were sold very cheap, or closed because of the necessary investments were not considered to be viable. But with today's electricity prices, combined with the grants handed out, under certain circumstances, to owners of small power plants, they generates annual net revenues in the vicinity of the previous purchase price and the total investments. However, this has resulted in that the price of the few commercially available plants skyrocketed. Additionally, the grants are not forever. For existing plants the grants lasts only to 2013, with possible extension opportunities. For those who are renovating their power stations, wich at least include: elimination of any deficiencies in waterways, change of turbine vanes, renovation of the generator, and installation of a modern control system. In addition, there is a risk/chance 3 that electricity prices will eventually fall. It would be technically and economically viable, in some cases, to restore and start-up previously closed facilities as they, at present, are guaranteed grants for 15 years. But this requires a government permission, which unfortunately it is often almost impossible to get. However, there are also for hydropower, some other benefits of ownership beyond the purely economic: + The feeling of owning something that is permanent (land). + In many of the small hydro power plants I have seen, the power plant building is much larger than what is needed for the operation itself, which means that there is space to, for instance, store things. + Hydro power plants are naturally always on scenic spots beside a river or a larger stream. For those who are lucky, there may be an opportunity to build a holiday home in one of the outbuildings that may belong to the plant. Or to put a caravan. + The watercourse adjacent to the station means a piece of own waters. Cons: - Electricity prices may be on the way down. - Subsidies disappear. - Hydroelectric power plants require quite a lot of maintenance. - All components wear out and replacement parts are expensive. - Hydroelectric owners could end up in conflict with neighbors and authorities. - Although if the power plant must be shut down the duty to maintain the dams and the like will remain, so as to alter water levels upstream and downstream. What determines whether an investment in hydropower will pay off is, of course, what price the product (electricity) will be. Power plant owner may, broadly, and depending on the contract, have the same price as the trading price on rhe spot market (often about 0,30 SEK/kWh). In addition, one gets a small amount from the local network owner, since the plant helps to keep the voltage up in the network (maybe 0,02 SEK/kWh) and in the current situation, grants (Type 0,20 SEK/kWh). Though later, as I said, for most small-scale hydropower plants will disappear from 2013 and onwards. When I bought my plants at the end of the 1990s, I received a fixed price for the electricity of 0,135 SEK/kWh + about 0,02 SEK/kWh from the network owner. With that compensation, the production was not really profitable and therefore the supply of power stations was rather large and at relatively low prices (around 2 SEK per kWh of annual production). Then electricity prices rose dramatically (see chart 7) and, moreover the public subsidies increased. Nowadays, the price might be around 4 SEK per kWh in annual production, despite the fact that revenues are likely to fall sharply, making hydropower a bad investment at this time. 232
0,60 Average price each year SEK /kWh 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 Electricity Energy certifikates Chart 7. My electricity prices and subsidies 2000-2011 excluding the money from the net owner (on average about 0,02 SEK/ kWh). 0,10 0,00 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Year Where are electricity prices heading Since a large proportion (approximately 50%) of all electricity produced in the world today are produced with fossil fuels, it would be likely that the price of electricity will follow the price of such fuels. That even if we in Sweden almost does not produce any electricity at all using coal, gas or oil, since our network is connected to the grid in other countries. But the proportion produced by fossil fuels will decrease. Since today's high electricity prices and the subsidies imposed on renewable energy sources implies that the power companies are investing huge amounts of money to increase production in the "clean" power plants (see chart 8). In addition, our neighboring countries, Norway and Finnland are planning to increase production. In Denmark, however, production will decrease when they close their coal-based power plants. Then add that electricity consumption will likely decrease as the devices become more energy efficient, people choose to move to efficient heating systems for their homes and the greenhouse effect reduces the need for heating. Moreover, the number of electricity-intensive industries (which stands for, type 25% of the total electricity consumption in Sweden) probably will decrease in the same way as they have done so far and the remaining will probably be more energy efficient. Overall, they suggest that electricity prices eventually fall. The price of electricity could though be held up if we widely started using electric cars or hydrogen cars (the hydrogen is the probably made using electricity) and/or that we have a common electricity market with a country that has significantly higher electricity prices, such as Germany. Chart 8. Forecast of future electricity production in Sweden from: www.svenskenergi.se. 233
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Life - a user’s manual Part II Gu
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Index Part II Society..............
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”Damage” on legal art Pustgrän
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Ekelund bridge Central bridge 7
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Knitted ”damage” At slussen Hor
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Legal och illegal Three dimensional
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Torsgatan Tegnérgatan 13
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Fatbursparken Hornsgatan Dalagatan
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It may seem as if the children in t
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In the spring, it was common for bo
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At the time of potato harvesting we
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When we became so grown up that we
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Another game called "Draga klönhan
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Sometimes we competed in agility to
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If we happened to have a ladder we
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Pawn games, as "Mary's purse" were
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Suspended sentence Courts may choos
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The economy of crime Shoplifting an
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Burglary in boats Coming to boats t
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Alcohol and drug related crimes Alc
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Traffic offenses As seen in table 7
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Get accomodation in Stockholm The p
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Building a house It may be cheaper
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Rent an office I have, a few times,
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Renting part of a dwelling "inheren
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Contact property owner Several peop
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Buying condominium The buyer of a c
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Buying a caravan To live in a carav
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Table 19 b Example of villas in the
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Although the concept possibly is un
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A potential benefit of having somet
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Another example that suggests this
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Twenty years later, most had centra
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But when a number of occupations we
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Political ideologies Political ideo
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Household economy = If all children
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500 years later, the Roman Empire f
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English, French and Dutch conqueror
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Table 1. When the countries that ex
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Malawi 1964 British colony / protec
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Demographic trends The year 0, ther
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Hungary 92 900 8,4 90,42 9,34 10,21
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Malaysia 6.11 23.27 5 8 573 120 2.1
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The long route to today's political
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- For economic stability and aid th
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State revenues In the Middle Ages,
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Over time, increased government tax
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40,0 Governement taxes and social f
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The most important import goods to
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Although tariffs and other trade ba
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In addition to these currencies we
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Government expenditure State affair
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Defence Owning weapons and to be fa
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With the population growth in the l
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The Swedish judicial system has rou
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The end of the 1800s At the end of
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Many ads, in particular those about
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Mora daily 1915 Bank & finance Cand
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Borås tidning, 1930 Movies Health
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Barometern, 1935 Beverages Health p
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Hudiksvallsposten, 1940 Building ma
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Jämtlandstidningen, 1945 Jämtland
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Örebrokuriren, 1950 Building mater
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The total country side press 4 , 19
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References Gröndal T (1991) Reklam
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Geography Differences between count
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Regarding other factors, like how l
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Estonia 99 95 5 6 123 4,1 9 392 Eth
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Sierra Leone 86 13 35 3 34 1,4 463
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Estonia 85 444 15,6 1 Estonian Kroo
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Sierra Leone 18 5 9,7 4 English Leo
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Tabell 5a. Natural Resources in rel
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Gabon Gambia Georgia Ghana Greece B
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Mali Malta Morocco Mauritania Mauri
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Somalia Spain Sri Lanka UK Sudan Su
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Bahamas 1 51 6 126 27 98 3,7 82 17
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Lichtenstein 19 44 0 Lithuania 33 3
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Uruguay 11 10 5 104 26 100 5,9 8 87
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Equatorial Flat with coast. 25 54 G
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St. Kitts and Nevis St Lucia St. Vi
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Dem Rep of 80 23 2 17 - 5 4 5 20 60
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Russia 98 87 5 2 166 4 245 16 121 2
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Type one hundred years after Buddha
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In 1154 Burma's pride, the then Hin
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Religions create some obvious diffe
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Ghana 13 5 4 4 71 33 3 19 23 1 920
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Vanuatu 52 5 4 3 119 1 38 27 3 127
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Estonia 99 95 5 6 123 4 444 16 167
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Sri Lanka 95 98 91 20 3 83 2 58 1 8
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An important question to ask yourse
Page 181 and 182: As a, personal assistant to a handi
Page 183 and 184: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Control over the wo
Page 185 and 186: Table 1. Grading of a number of wor
Page 187 and 188: Organized meetings Another phenomen
Page 189 and 190: Challenges When I’we been newly e
Page 191 and 192: Personal development Personal devel
Page 193 and 194: A very important part of the activi
Page 195 and 196: The latter since the difference bet
Page 197 and 198: Generally I find that the less phys
Page 199 and 200: It is quite common that the employe
Page 201 and 202: Tabell 5. What skills as a mechanic
Page 203 and 204: Stress Stress is a physical reactio
Page 205 and 206: About getting rich What’s wealth
Page 207 and 208: Income and expenditure Someone who
Page 209 and 210: Investments in securities As far as
Page 211 and 212: For those who avoid crisis companie
Page 213 and 214: Summary of the interest on mortgage
Page 215 and 216: Before the IT crash in 2001 everyth
Page 217 and 218: As hopefully seen in the earlier re
Page 219 and 220: It does need not be difficult to, a
Page 221 and 222: On the other hand, the average temp
Page 223 and 224: A variant to trading stocks is to t
Page 225 and 226: Currency trading I have no experien
Page 227 and 228: Retirement savings Those who discus
Page 229 and 230: But this model is only partially tr
Page 231: The state think that the forest is
Page 235 and 236: Apartment blocks You can either buy
Page 237 and 238: Individual homes An alternative to
Page 239 and 240: Regulatory requirements Just as in
Page 241 and 242: Deicing and snow on stairs, etc. If
Page 243 and 244: Water traps and floor drains in hom
Page 245 and 246: Table 1a. Proposed checkpoints for
Page 247 and 248: Table 1c. Proposed checkpoints for
Page 249 and 250: Bath, toilet and kitchen Unsecure e
Page 251 and 252: Table 1f. Proposed checkpoints for
Page 253 and 254: Bad water pipes It is common in old
Page 255 and 256: Facade damage, brick facades Brick
Page 257 and 258: Burglary and vandalism Researchers
Page 259 and 260: Contractors When an action is decid
Page 261 and 262: In most cases, the income is fairly
Page 263 and 264: Social management My experience is
Page 265 and 266: Increase the area that generate rev
Page 267 and 268: References Arbetsmiljöverket (2005
Page 269 and 270: Here are some suggestions: Ergonomi
Page 271 and 272: Although physical deficiencies in t
Page 273 and 274: Service production has in some case
Page 275 and 276: In general, work environment polici
Page 277 and 278: Languages A quick lesson in languag
Page 279 and 280: Nouns continued English Swedish Fre
Page 281 and 282: Weekdays and months English Swedish
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Figures English Swedish French 2 Sp
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Miscellaneous continued. English Sw
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Capital letters and paragraphs Sent
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How nouns are All words that descri
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Short vowels are not always followe
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Sometimes it is not en but ett Abou
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Var means the same as är but in th
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Then for some reason you use mer (m
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Twenty should be called tvåtio Num
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A quick lesson in writing Probably
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Damn, I have to hide myself, it's t
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- I will probably go home now, I mu
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Anyone who has ambition to make a g
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It may be easier to find something
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However, it is not necessarily to a
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2. In the eye’s of the described
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It is obviously important that peop
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The events should, as well as the t
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From the outside Objectively Anyone
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It could certainly be done in a muc
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The confusion regarding who says wh
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Introductions Some think that the f
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Checklist - Do not poke and modify
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About proverbs Proverbs are complet
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Quite a number of proverbs in the A
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There are many more proverbs in the
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Many children books and comics are
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Animals maybe not knew how to use a
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How can a dog talk to a bird But if
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Have you read any fairtails There c
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The history of amusements 343
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Visual arts Paintings After visitin
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Abstract It is difficult to see tha
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Photo art Most cases in which someo
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In addition, musicians was given a
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In the 1960s, however, created the
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Radio and moving pictures Radio 192
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TV 1920-50's television technology
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Performing arts Circus Circus is cr
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Musical The musical is said to be d
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La donna del lago 1819 10 Gioachino
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Theater Probably the church dominat
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Sports People probably has competed
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Football. They have found evidence
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Games Playing cards may have been u
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Journals The world's first daily ne
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Probably everyone appreciates a rep
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One reason could be that the art ph
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73% of the photographic works at th
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Jus as regarding photography, every
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One explanation for the differences
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The purpose of sports consumption W
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Table 2. Selection of Sweden/Swedes
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Table 3. Roughly the number of page
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The purpose of pets From a human pe
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Table 3. The participants' percepti
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Life – a user's manual Part II - Boksidan

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