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Life – a user's manual Part II - Boksidan

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Japan<br />

Great Brit.<br />

Spain<br />

China<br />

Portugal<br />

Turkey<br />

Iran<br />

France<br />

Russia<br />

Sweden<br />

Preussen<br />

Figure 5. The larger nations that existed in fairly orderly form in 1800 and still do (besides<br />

Ethiopia and Thailand), and their approximate borders at that time.<br />

At the end of the 1700s more than 12 million slaves had been shipped from Africa to<br />

America. The slaves were captured by local rulers and sold to European traders. In<br />

exchange, the rulers got cotton, copper, iron, tin, brandy and glass jewelry.<br />

Denmark<br />

Holland<br />

Austria<br />

USA<br />

1834 slavery was abolished throughout the British Empire.<br />

In 1864 prisoner transportation to Australia was abolished.<br />

Figure 6. The larger nations that existed in fairly orderly form in 1900 and still do, and their approximate borders at<br />

that time. The countries that got independence from Spain during the 1800s are marked .<br />

As seen in figure 6 was a large part of the world in 1900, controlled by European colonial powers. And the<br />

majority of today's countries did not yet exist, because of all the approximately 188 fully independent<br />

sovereign states that existed in 2000, 102 has been added since 1959 (table 1).<br />

76

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